Helplessness : on depression, development, and death

著者

書誌事項

Helplessness : on depression, development, and death

Martin E. P. Seligman ; with a new introduction by the author

（A series of books in psychology）

W. H. Freeman, c1992

  • pbk

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注記

Bibliography: p. 206-235

Includes indexes

内容説明・目次

内容説明

This volume demonstrates how learned helplessness develops and operates, and how it can lead to depression, anxiety, childhood failures, lack of motivation, and in extreme cases, sudden death. This is no "cure yourself" guide, but the theory Dr. Seligman presents does should offer hope, suggesting that depressed adults and children can "unlearn" helplessness and regain control of their environments. It offers important information for those who suffer from depression, their families, and anyone interested in one of the most pervasive of all psychological disturbances.

目次

  • Overview - depression, golden girl, anxiety and unpredictability, childhood failure, sudden psychosomatic death
  • controllability - voluntary responding, response independence and response contingency - the superstition experiments
  • experimental studies - helplessness saps the motivation to initiate responses - learned helplessness in the dog, the triadic design, motivational deficits in several species, generality of helplessness across situations
  • helplessness disrupts to ability to learn
  • helplessness produces emotional disturbance
  • theory - cure and immunization - the statement of the theory, motivational disturbance, cognitive disturbance, emotional disturbance
  • cure and prevention - limits on helplessness
  • alternative theories - competing motor responses, adaptation, emotional exhaustion, and sensitization
  • physiological approaches to helplessness
  • depression - types of depression
  • the learned-helplessness model of depression - ground rules, symptoms of depression and learned helplessness, etiology of depression and learned helplessness, a speculation about success and depression, cure of depression and learned helplessness, prevention of depression and learned helplessness
  • anxiety and unpredictability - definition of unpredictability
  • anxiety and the safety-signal hypothesis - the safety-signal hypothesis
  • upredictability and monitoring fear
  • stomach ulcers
  • preference for predictability
  • the relationship of predictability to controllability - self-administration, perceived control
  • systematic desensitization and uncontrollability
  • conclusion
  • emotional development and education - the dance of development - reafference
  • maternal deprivation
  • predictability and controllability in childhood and adolescence - the classroom, poverty
  • death - death from helplessness in animals
  • death from helplessness in humans - institutionalized helplessness, death from helplessness in old age, infant death and anaclitic depression.

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