Jewish civilization : the Jewish historical experience in a comparative perspective
著者
書誌事項
Jewish civilization : the Jewish historical experience in a comparative perspective
（SUNY series in Israeli studies）
State University of New York Press, c1992
- alk. paper
- pbk. : alk. paper
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. [287]-307) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This book explains why the best way to understand the Jewish historical experience is to look at Jewish people, not just as a religious or ethnic group or a nation or "people," but, as bearers of civilization. This approach helps to explain the greatest riddle of Jewish civilization, namely, its continuity despite destruction, exile, and loss of political independence.
In the first part of the book, Eisenstadt compares Jewish life and religious orientations and practices with Hellenistic and Roman civilizations, as well as with Christian and Islamic civilizations. In the second part of the book, he analyzes the modern period with its different patterns of incorporation of Jewish communities into European and American societies; national movements that developed among Jews toward the end of the nineteenth century, especially the Zionist movement; and specific characteristics of Israeli society.
The major question Eisenstadt poses is to what extent the characteristics of the Jewish experience are distinctive, in comparison to other ethnic and religious minorities incorporated into modern nation-states, or other revolutionary ideological settler societies. He demonstrates through his case studies the continuous creativity of Jewish civilization.
目次
- Introduction 1. Jewish History as the History of Jewish Civilizations Introduction: The Problem of Jewish Continuity The Civilizational Approach to Jewish History The Presupposition of a Civilizational Perspective--Culture, Ontology, and Social Dynamics The Axial Age Civilizations 2. The Distinctive Characteristics of Jewish Civilization in a Historical and Comparative Perspective The Ancient Israelite Civilization The Crystallization of Jewish Civilization in the Period of the Second Commonwealth Some Comparative Indications: The Crystallization of Christianity and Christian Civilization The Distinctive Characteristics of Islamic Civilization 3. Basic Themes and Institutional Formations of Exilic Jewish Civilization: The Inner-Civilizational Perspective The Historical Setting Institutional Changes The Predominance of the Oral Law (Halakhah) The Transformation of the Basic Themes of Jewish Civilization and the Crystallization of New Themes The Ideology of Galut and Eretz-Israel: Messianic Redemption and Martyrdom Heterogeneity and Dynamics within the Rabbinic Mold Some Concluding Observations on the Specificity of the Jewish Historical Experience: The Ancient and Medieval Periods The Historical Experiences of the Three Monotheistic Civilizations and the Impact of Heterodoxies: Some Comparative Observations The Jewish Historical Experience in Medieval Times in a Comparative Framework: Heterodox Potentials and the Sovereignty of the Court The Social Conditions of the Tradition of Sovereignty of the Court and Civility in Medieval Jewish Communities 4. The Disintegration of the Medieval Jewish Civilizational Framework in the Modern Period and the Integration of Jews in European Societies The Period of Transition: Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries The Modern Period: Introduction The Major Directions of Jewish Collective Life and Cultural Activities: Haskala, Reform, Assimilation, and Jewish Scholarship in Western and Central Europe Variations among Different Western and Central European Jewish Communities: Heterogeneity and Common Orientations Modern Jewish Historical Experience in Eastern Europe 5. The Incorporation of the Jews in the United States Introduction: The Distinctive Characteristics of the Jewish American Experience The Specific Premises of American Civilization
- American Pluralism
- and the Incorporation of Jews Jewish Collective Activities
- Incorporation in the Mainstream of American Life
- Modes of Assimilation The Paradox of Jewish American Life: Communal Activity and Drifting Away 6. Modern Jewish National Movements and the Zionist Movement Introduction Zionism as a National Movement: The Revolutionary Dimension Specific Dimensions of Zionist Nationalism: Territory, Language, and History Specific Characteristics of Zionist Revolutionary Orientations The Zionist Vision and the Basic Themes of Jewish Civilization: Exile, Return, and Redemption The Diaspora in Zionist Ideology The Reconstruction of Collective Identity and Traditions: Zionism and Religion 7. The Formation and Transformation of Israeli Society The Formation of Israeli Society and Its Initial Institutional Mold The Disintegration of the Initial Institutional Mold of Israeli Society Israeli Society in Transition 8. The United States and Israel: An Essay in Comparative Analysis Some Common Characteristics of the United States and Israel: Constitutional, Modernizing, Revolutionary, Ideological Societies Ideological Differences between the United States and Israel: Individualistic versus Collective Orientation Ideological Differentiation between the United States and Israel: Primordial, Historical, and Religious Components in the Construction of Collective Identity Differences between the United States and Israel: Size, Political Ecology, and International Relations 9. Concluding Observations: The Jewish Experience in the Modern and Contemporary Eras The Two Poles: The Holocaust and Heterogeneity of Jewish Experience The Major Modes of Jewish Experience in the Modern Diaspora The Jewish Experience in the Contemporary Era The State of Israel and the Problem of Its Centrality in Jewish Life: The Complexity of Israel-Diaspora Relations Concluding Remarks: The Challenges before Jewish Civilization in the Contemporary Era Notes Index
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