Design and retrofit of wastewater treatment plants for biological nutrient removal
著者
書誌事項
Design and retrofit of wastewater treatment plants for biological nutrient removal
(Water quality management library / library editors, W.W. Eckenfelder, J.F. Malina, Jr., J.W. Patterson, v. 5)
Technomic Pub. Co., c1992
- タイトル別名
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Biological nutrient removal
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This book presents information that can be used for the design and operation of wastewater treatment plants that utilize biological nutrient removal processes, i.e., processes that utilize biological mechanisms instead of chemical mechanisms, to remove phosphorus and nitrogen from wastewaters. The book provides: basic fundamentals, concepts, and theories; design of prefermentation units, various types of BNR systems, and secondary clarifiers; retrofitting conventional activated sludge plants; modeling considerations; and special considerations for BNR systems. It includes full-scale and pilot plant case histories, design examples, and retrofit of existing plants.
目次
Introduction
Principles of Biological Nutrient Removal: - Biological Nitrogen Removal - Nitrification Inhibition and Toxicity - Biological Denitrification - Biological Phosphate Removal
Design of Prefermentation Processes: - Design of Systems for Optimizing SCVFA Production - Return of Organic Carbon - Monitoring of the Process - Some Practical Points about Prefermenters
Design of Activated Sludge Biological Nutrient Removal Plants: - Two-Stage Biological Phosphorus Removal Systems: - Phosphorus Limitation versus COD Limitation - Anaerobic HRT versus Anaerobic Mass Friction - Factors Affecting Phosphorus Removal - Sizing the Anaerobic Zone - Aeration Requirements - Mixing Requirements - Design Steps - Example - Design of Three-Stage, Four-Stage, and Five-Stage BNR Systems: - Waste Characteristics - Effluent Requirements - COD:P Ratio - COD:TKN Ratio - Selection of Aeration Device - Clarifier Selection - Selection of Three-, Four-, or Five-Stage Plants - Zone Sizing - Design Example - Mixing/Aeration Design - Mixed Liquor Recycle - Aeration Devices - Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Control Systems - Design of Oxidation Ditch BNR Systems: - Oxidation Ditch Description - Nutrient Removal Performance - Nutrient Removal Design - Design of Sequencing Batch Reactor BNR Systems: - Nitrogen Removal Design - Nitrification Design - Designer Plant Case Histories: - Underloading and Overdesign - Excessive Aeration of the Influent Wastewater and the RAS - Poor Final Clarifier Design - Sludge Bulking - Denitrification in the Aeration Basin - Scum Growth - Oxygen Input VFA Generation and Addition - Chemical Backup
Clarifier Design: - Flux Theory and Application - Clarifier Configuration and Features - Hydraulic Configuration Design Procedures -Secondary Clarifiers - Sludge Transport/Collection Equipment - Process Control Strategies
Retrofit of Existing Plants: - Modification for Biological Phosphorus Removal - Modifications for Biological Nitrogen Removal - Retrofitting Plants for Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal
General Activated Sludge Model for Biological Nitrogen and Excess Phosphorus Removal: - Matrix Format Presentation of the Activated Sludge Model - Activated Sludge Model for Organic Carbon Removal, Nitrification and Denitrification - Activated Sludge Model for Nitrification, Denitrification and Biological Excess Phosphorus Removal (NDBEPR)
Control of Bulking and Foaming Organisms: - History of the Bulking Sludge Problem - Causes of Nuisance Organism Growth - Process Alternatives - Foaming Organism Control
Sludge Handling and Processing: - Dewatering and Disposal - Impact of Solids Handling Units on BNR Performance
Pilot Plant Testing of BNR Systems: - Wastewater Characteristics - Sludge Production and Oxygen Requirements
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