The development and evolution of butterfly wing patterns

Bibliographic Information

The development and evolution of butterfly wing patterns

H. Frederik Nijhout

(Smithsonian series in comparative evolutionary biology)

Smithsonian Institution Press, c1991

  • pbk. : permanent paper

Available at  / 10 libraries

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Note

Includes bibliographical references (p. 277-292) and index

Description and Table of Contents

Description

Integrating the results of comparative morphology, experiments on pattern development, the genetics of color patterns, and theoretical modeling of pattern formation, Nijhout shows that the enormous diversity of natural patterns arises largely from quantitative variations in a small set of readily understandable generating rules.

Table of Contents

Part 1 1. The Material Basis of Wing Color Patterns Chapter 2 Development and Morphology of the Wings Chapter 3 Development and Morphology of the Scales Chapter 4 Sources of Color Chapter 5 Pattern Formation in a Cellular Monolayer Part 6 2. Pattern Elements and Homologies Chapter 7 Elements of the Nymphalid Ground Plan Chapter 8 Symmetry Systems and Pattern Evolution Chapter 9 Dependent Patterns Chapter 10 Ripple Patterns Chapter 11 Significance of the Nymphalid Chapter 12 Pattern and Background Chapter 13 Dislocation of Pattern Elements and Wing Cell Autonomy of the Pattern Chapter 14 The M3 Boundary Chapter 15 The Border Ocelli System Chapter 16 Themes and Variations Part 17 3. The Analysis of Wing Patterns Chapter 18 Finding the Central Symmetry System Chapter 19 Stichophthalma camadeva (Morphinae: Amathusiini) Chapter 20 Pierella (Satyrinae) Chapter 21 Satyrinae Chapter 22 Lycaenidae Chapter 23 Kallima inachus (Nymphalinae) Chapter 24 Iphiclides podalirius (Papilionidae) Chapter 25 Pieridae Chapter 26 Charaxes (Charaxinae) Chapter 27 Heliconius (Heliconiinae) Chapter 28 Idea and Ideopsis (Daninae) Chapter 29 Envoy Part 30 4. Exploring Pattern Morphospace Chapter 31 Ornithoptera (Papilionidae) Chapter 32 Troides (Papilionidae) Chapter 33 Atrophaneura (Papilionidae) Chapter 34 Ideopsis (Danainae) Chapter 35 Idea (Danainae) Chapter 36 Euploea (Danainae) Chapter 37 Belenois (Pieridae) Chapter 38 Conclusions Part 39 5. Experimental Studies on Color Pattern Formation Chapter 40 Cautery and Surgery Chapter 41 Aberrant Venation Chapter 42 Sources and Boundaries Chapter 43 The Response to Temperature Chapter 44 Morphometrics Part 45 6. Genetics, Mimicry, and Polyphenisms Chapter 46 The Genetics of Color Patterns Chapter 47 Polyphenisms Part 48 7. Models and Mechanisms Chapter 49 Expectations of a Model Chapter 50 General Features of a Model for Color Pattern Formation Chapter 51 A Model for Inductive Signals and Their Interpretation Chapter 52 A Model for Source Formation Chapter 53 Special Cases Part 54 8. Evolution of a Process Chapter 55 Patterns as Adaptations Chapter 56 The Evolution of Patterning Mechanisms Chapter 57 From Genotype to Phenotype Chapter 58 How Do Patterns Change During Evolution? Chapter 59 How Can We Study Pattern Evolution? Part 60 Appendix A: Classification and Systematics of the Butterflies Part 61 Appendix B: Higher Classification of the Nynphalidae Part 62 Appendix C: Genera Surveyed for Figures 2.19 and 2.21

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