Hydrology in practice
著者
書誌事項
Hydrology in practice
Chapman & Hall, 1994
3rd ed
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This updated edition offers an essentially practical introduction to hydrology, emphasizing the application of hydrological knowledge to the solution of engineering problems. Set in a global context, hydrological extremes are taken from worldwide situations and examples of engineering applications from many countries are cited. Hydrological processes, with emphasis on methods of measurement, are separated from analytical techniques and the book culminates in a selection of civil engineering spheres of operation requiring hydrological expertise, demonstrating some of the well tried methods and some of the new techniques applied in current practice. SI units are used throughout, but when non-standard units are used for convenience in practice these are retained, and certain comparisons with imperial units have been included.
目次
Preface. Acknowledgements. 1. The Hydrological Cycle, Hydrometeorology and Climate. 1.1. The hydrological cycle. 1.2. Hydrometeorology. 1.3. Evaporation. 1.4. Precipitation. 1.5. Weather patterns producing precipitation. 1.6. Climate. 1.7. Climate Change. References. PART I: HYDROLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS. 2. Hydrometric Networks. 2.1. Gauging networks. 2.2. Design considerations. 2.3. Precipitation networks. 2.4. Evaporation networks. 2.5. Surface water networks. 2.6. Groundwater networks. References. 3. Precipitation. 3.1. Storage gauges. 3.2. Rainfall recorders. 3.3. Siting the rain gauge. 3.4. Snowfall. 3.5. International practice. 3.6. Recent developments. References. 4. Evaporation. 4.1. Factors affecting evaporation. 4.2. Measurement of E. 4.3. Measurement of E. 4.4. Measurement of potential evaporation. 4.5. Measurement of meteorological variables. References. 5. Soil Moisture 5.1. Soil structure and composition. 5.2. Soil properties. 5.3. Water in the soil. 5.4. Soil water retention. 5.5. Methods of measurement. References. 6. River Flow. 6.1. Open channel flow. 6.2. River gauging. 6.3. Stage. 6.4. Discharge. 6.5. Stage - discharge relationship. 6.6. Flumes and weirs. 6.7. Dilution gauging. 6.8. Modern gauging techniques. References 7. Groundwater 7.1. Infiltration. 7.2. Groundwater movement. 7.3. Groundwater flow equations. 7.4. Flow nets. 7.5. Groundwater measurement. 7.6. Unconfined flow. 7.7. Groundwater exploration. 7.8. Well hydraulics. References. 8. Water Quality. 8.1. Features of water quality. 8.2. Measurement of water quality variables. 8.3. Water quality records 8.4. Water quality requirements 8.5. Monitoring 8.6. Water Quality Research and Modelling References. 9 . Data Processing. 9.1 . General considerations. 9.2 . Rainfall data. 9.3 . Rainfall data quality control. 9.4 . Determination of rainfall averages. 9.5 . River flow data. 9.6. Data transmission. 9.7. Quality control of river flow data. 9.8. Hydata 9.9. Data archives and publication. References. PART II: HYDROLOGICAL ANALYSIS. 10. Precipitation Analysis. 10.1. Determination of areal rainfall. 10.2. Depth - area analysis. 10.3. Depth - area duration (DAD). 10.4. Global distribution of precipitation. 10.5. Rainfall frequency. 10.6. Intensity - duration frequency analysis. 10.7. Extreme values of precipitation. References. 11. Evaporation Calculations. 11.1. Calculation of E. 11.2. Calculation of E. 11.3. Calculation of PE. 11.4. Soil moisture deficit. 11.5. Meteorological Office rainfall and evaporation calculating system (MORECS). 11.6. Crop Water Requirements. References. 12. River Flow Analysis. 12.1. Peak discharges. 12.2. River regimes. 12.3. Flow frequency. 12.4. Flood frequency. 12.5. Flood probabilities. 12.6. Analysis of an annual maximum series. 12.7. Flood prediction. 12.8. Droughts. 12.9. Frequency of low flows. References. 13. Rainfall - Runoff Relationships. 13.1. Rational method. 13.2. Time - area method. 13.3.
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