The evolution of grammar : tense, aspect, and modality in the languages of the world
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Bibliographic Information
The evolution of grammar : tense, aspect, and modality in the languages of the world
University of Chicago Press, 1994
- : pbk
Available at / 137 libraries
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Osaka University International Studies Library
: pbk801.5||58290004036928,
801.5||58290004026374 -
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Size of pbk., ISBN:9780226086651: 23 cm
Bibliography: p. 357-375
Includes indexes
Description and Table of Contents
Description
Joan Bybee and her colleagues present a new theory of the evolution of grammar that links structure and meaning in a way that directly challenges most contemporary versions of generative grammar. This study focuses on the use and meaning of grammatical markers of tense, aspect, and modality and identifies a universal set of grammatical categories. The authors demonstrate that the semantic content of these categories evolves gradually and that this process of evolution is strikingly similar across unrelated languages. Through a survey of 76 languages in 25 different phyla, the authors show that the same paths of change occur universally and that movement along these paths is in one direction only. This analysis reveals that lexical substance evolves into grammatical substance through various mechanisms of change, such as metaphorical extension and the conventionalization of implicature. Grammaticization is always accompanied by an increase in frequency of the grammatical marker, providing clear evidence that language use is a major factor in the evolution of synchronic language states.
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