Economic structures of antiquity
著者
書誌事項
Economic structures of antiquity
（Contributions in economics and economic history, no. 159）
Greenwood Press, 1995
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注記
Bibliography: p. [205]-241
Includes index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
The economy of the ancient Middle East and Greece is reinterpreted by Morris Silver in this provocative new synthesis. Silver finds that the ancient economy emerges as a class of economies with its own laws of motion shaped by transaction costs (the resources used up in exchanging ownership rights). The analysis of transaction costs provides insights into many characteristics of the ancient economy, such as the important role of the sacred and symbolic gestures in making contracts, magical technology, the entrepreneurial role of high-born women, the elevation of familial ties and other departures from impersonal economics, reliance on slavery and adoption, and the insatiable drive to accumulate trust-capital. The peculiar behavior patterns and mindsets of ancient economic man are shown to be facilitators of economic growth.
In recent years, our view of the economy of the ancient world has been shaped by the theories of Karl Polanyi. Silver confronts Polanyi's empirical propositions with the available evidence and demonstrates that antiquity knew active and sophisticated markets. In the course of providing an alternative analytical framework for studying the ancient economy, Silver gives critical attention to the economic views of the Assyriologists I.M. Diakonoff, W.F. Leemans, Mario Liverani, and J.N. Postgate; of the Egyptologists Jacob J. Janssen and Wolfgang Helck; and of the numerous followers of Moses Finley. Silver convincingly demonstrates that the ancient world was not static: periods of pervasive economic regulation by the state are interspersed with lengthy periods of relatively unfettered market activity, and the economies of Sumer, Babylonia, and archaic Greece were capable of transforming themselves in order to take advantage of new opportunities. This new synthesis is essential reading for economic historians and researchers of the ancient Near East and Greece.
目次
Acknowledgments
Author's Notes
Transcriptions and Phonetics
Symbols
References
Chronological Table
Introduction
Structural Characteristics of the Ancient Economy
Gods as Inputs and Outputs of the Ancient Economy
Adaptations of Markets and Hierarchical Relationships to Transaction Costs
Who Were the Entrepreneurs? The Problem of "Public" Enterprise
Commercial Transport, Gains from Trade, Storage, and Diffusion of New Technology
Markets in the Ancient Near East: The Challenge of the Evidence
The Existence of Markets
The Credibility of Markets
The Response to Changes in Economic Incentives and Public Policy
New Markets and Land Consolidation
Changes in Economic Policy and Organization
Concluding Remarks
Selected Bibliography
Index
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