Jobs from housing : employment, building materials, and enabling strategies for urban development

Author(s)

Bibliographic Information

Jobs from housing : employment, building materials, and enabling strategies for urban development

Robin Spence, Jill Wells and Eric Dudley

Intermediate Technology Publications, 1993

Available at  / 2 libraries

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Note

Includes bibliography

"...prepared by Cambridge Architectural Research on behalf of the Overseas Development Administration" -- t.p. verso

Description and Table of Contents

Description

Based on evidence from throughout the developing world this book takes a fresh look at the processes and the problems of income generation through housing.

Table of Contents

  • Preface va
  • Part 1. The housing process and the economy 1
  • 1. Urbanization and the need for housing 2
  • 1.1 The inevitability of urbanization, 2
  • 1.2 Measuring the need for housing, 4
  • 1.3 Expected future populations, 5
  • 1.4 Income and affordability, 6
  • 1.5 Housing attributes, 8
  • Case study: the development of Villa el Salvador, Peru, 10
  • 2. The housing process ll
  • 2.1 Housing as a verb, 11
  • 2.2 Obstacles, 14
  • 2.3 Shelter options, 17
  • Case study: a proposed enabling strategy, Nepal, 25
  • 3. Housing and the economy 28
  • 3.1 Housing, construction and economic growth, 28
  • 3.2 Forward linkages from construction, 29
  • 3.3 Wealth generation through housing, 29
  • 3.4 Backward linkages from housing and construction, 30
  • 3.5 The effect of technology choice upon employment, 32
  • Case study: producer co-operatives, Mozambique, 34
  • 3.6 Maximizing the contribution of the building materials sector, 35
  • Case study: supporting sustainable urban development, Egypt, 37
  • Part 2. Promoting building materials supply 41
  • 4. Economic charcteristics of building materials production 42
  • 4.1 Classification of building materials industries, 42
  • 4.2 High-tech industries (Group 1), 43
  • 4.3 Unprocessed materials (Group 3), 45
  • 4.4 Intermediate group of industries (Group 2), 46
  • 4.5 Secondary products, 49
  • 4.6 Factors affecting building materials' prices, 49
  • Case study: minicement plants, India, 52
  • 5. The crisis of building materials' supply 54
  • 5.1 Indigenous materials, 54
  • 5.2 Building practices, 57
  • 5.3 Commercial introductions, 58
  • 5.4 Appropriate Technologies, 60
  • Case study: stabilized soil, Zambia, 64
  • 6. Aid and technology transfer 66
  • 6.1 Private entrepreneurs and state enterprises, 66
  • 6.2 Banks, aid agencies and Appropriate Technology organizations, 67
  • 6.3 Government organizations, 69
  • 6.4 NGOs and the informal sector, 70
  • 6.5 Products, prices and markets, 71
  • Case study: the Santa Rosa housing co-operative, Ecuador, 73
  • 7. Building materials and householder choice 76
  • 7.1 Householder choice, 76
  • 7.2 Influencing choice, 78
  • Case study: the use of postcards at Centro Sinchaguasin, Ecuador, 82
  • 8. Creating the policy context - the role of governments 84
  • 8.1 Policy instruments, 84
  • 8.2 Revitalization of high-tech large-scale industries, 85
  • 8.3 Support to small-scale building material producers, 86
  • Case study: supporting builders' yards, Karachi, 87
  • 8.4 Encouragement of new investment in medium-sized plants, 87
  • 8.5 Promotion of new and promising technologies, 88
  • 8.6 Protection for the environment and expansion of the resource base, 89
  • 8.7 Conflicting objectives, 90
  • Case study: the Koma Rock housing project, Nairobi, 92
  • 9. Summary and conclusions 94
  • 9.1 Six general objectives, 95
  • 9.2 Ten action proposals for governments, 96
  • 9.3 Ten action proposals for aid agencies, 98

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