Integrating personal computers in a distributed client-server environment
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Integrating personal computers in a distributed client-server environment
Prentice Hall PTR, c1995
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Includes bibliographical references and index
Description and Table of Contents
Description
Today, most organizations operate with three distinct computing domains: mainframe-based; UNIX/VMS/MPE servers; and desktops, which are most often personal computers. This book details methods for bringing these domains together into a cohesive, enterprise-wide distributed computing environment. of personal computers into the enterprise-wide computer environment.
Table of Contents
Foreword. Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. The Knowledge Desktop, Tsvi Gal and Raman Khanna. Introduction. Background. Computing Leaves the Glass House. The New Reality: PCs Everywhere. Data Is Irrelevant--Analysis Is. Skilled Workforce Crisis. Technology Resistance and Pain. The Information Village. Virtual Workplace. General Features. Intuitive Learning. Seamless Navigation. Usage of Four Senses. Personalization. Low-Maintenance Backyard. The New Office. Traditional Tools. Natural Processing--Workflow. Workflow Processing and Document Management. The Grand Theory of Consolidation. Conference. Why Meet Face to Face? Beyond Video Conference. Multiple Channels. Assistance. Reactive Help. Proactive Help. Personal Help. Training. Information. Messaging Is More than Mail. Mail Is More than Mail. Information Superhighway. Research Centers. News Feeds. Business Applications. Decision-based Systems. Development for Nonprogrammers (Power to the People). The Object Revolution. Parts Construction/Object Reusability. Realistic Expectations. The Sisyphus Syndrome. PART I. ISSUES AND CHALLENGES. 2. The Emerging Component-Based Desktop: Key Trends and Issues, Frank Gens. Introduction. The Component-Based Desktop: Key To Next-Generation Corporate Applications. Beware the Strictly Desktop-Centric! A Functional Model of the Component-Based Desktop. Container/Workspace. Shared Components/Objects (a.k.a. Class Libraries). Common Application/User Services. Object/Component Services Layer. Base Operating System. Which Way To the Component-Based Desktop? Who's Setting the Standards?: The Money's on the Desktop. Windows is the Clear Desktop Standard, Macintosh (a Distant) Second. The Key Issues of the Component-Based Desktop. Base Operating System (OS): The First Battle Is Over, a New One Is Dawning. Common Application and User Services: A Mix of Consensus and Contention. Object Model/Services: IBM SOM vs. Microsoft COM. Container/Compound Document Architecture: OLE vs. OpenDoc. Conclusions: So What Does All of This Mean To Users and Developers? 3. Middleware: Connecting PCs to Distributed Services, John R. Rymer. The Vision: Information and Resources at Your Fingertips. The Foundation: Middleware. Definition of Middleware. The Role of Middleware in Desktop Integration. Types of Middleware. Distributed-Object Middleware. Distributed-Function Middleware. Distributed-Database and OLTP Middleware. Distributed-File Middleware. Messaging/Coordination Middleware. Distributed-Display Middleware. Middleware Standards. Distributed-Object-Computing Middleware. Distributed-Function Middleware. Distributed-File Middleware. Distributed-Database and OLTP Middleware. Messaging and Coordination Middleware. Distributed-Display Middleware. The Search For A Single Strategic Middleware Platform. 4. Cross-Platform Database Access Using SQL, Joe Celko. Introduction: The History of SQL. The Nature of the SQL Language. SQL Engines. Embedded SQL and the SQL CLI. SQL and Legacy Databases. SQL Versus SQL. Types of SQL Databases. Object-Oriented Databases. Distributed Databases. Summary. 5. Cross-Platform Systems Management, Asa Lanum. General. Characteristics of Open Systems Management. Developing an Effective Management Strategy. Components of the Problem. The Structure of the Problem. "Users," "Views," and "Roles" . Systems Management Enabling Technologies. Discovery. Inventory. Installation. Configuration. Launch 121. Help. Scheduling (Activity). Navigation. Message Window. Event Management Engine. Common Collection Services (CCS). Common Data Model/Interface/Store. Security Services. Connectivity. Domains, Policies, and Services. Operations Management. Introduction. Characteristics of Distributed Open Systems. Operations Management Areas. Security. Introduction. Electronic Attack. Authentication. Authorization. Auditing. Performance Management. Introduction. Key Component Areas. Architecture. Storage Management. Introduction and Background. Components and Disciplines. Architectures. Storage Management Strategy. Summary: Status and Directions. 6. Desktop Management, Michael Day. Why Are Desktop Computers Difficult To Manage? Computing Islands. Bridging the Islands. The PC Legacy. What Is Desktop Management? Configuration Management. Asset Management. Application Management. Applying SNMP To Desktop Management. SNMP Origins. SNMP Design Principles. The Desktop Management Interface. Why DMI Is Appropriate for Desktop Management. The DMI Architecture. The Future of Desktop Management. 7. Systems Administration Applications, Asa Lanum. Introduction: User and Group Management. Background. Requirements. License Management. Introduction to Software Licensing Technology. Background. General Requirements. Systems Capabilities and Requirements. Operations, Administration, and Maintenance Requirements. Software Installation and Distribution. Introduction. Model. General Requirements and Characteristics. Installation Feature Requirements. Distribution Features and Requirements. Printer Management. Introduction. Requirements Overview. Simple Device Management. 8. Mobile Computing and Telecommuting, David Strom. Introduction. Analog Cellular Modems. One-Way Radio Receivers. Nationwide Two-Way Radio Data Network Providers. Two-Way Data-Only Radio Modems For Nationwide Usage. LAN Wire Replacement Devices. Software For Mobile Workers. Electronic Mail, Wireless and Wired. Remote Node Products. Remote Control Software. Conclusions. 9. Email Architecture, Dan Heller. Introduction. Email Architecture Overview. PC/LANBases Email Architecture. MTA Protocols. X.400. SMTP. MIME. APIs. Remote Mail Management. The Message Store. Accessing Mailboxes. Message Store Management Protocols. POP. IMAP. Email APIS. Conclusions. PART II: IMPLEMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND CASE STUDIES. 10. Integrating Messaging and Groupware in a Unified Information- Sharing Environment, Greg Lobdell. Overview. Introducing Microsoft Exchange. What Is Microsoft Exchange? Microsoft Exchange Architecture. The Microsoft Exchange Server. Microsoft Exchange Universal Client. Putting Microsoft Exchange To Work. A Typical Corporate Profile. Improving Communication and Distribution of Information. Creating Workgroup Applications. Scheduling Appointments and Group Meetings. Sharing Information Anywhere, Anytime. Extending Workgroup Applications with Standard Development Tools. Summary. 11. Managing Roles and Responsibilities in Cyberspace, Bernard L. Hayes. The Nature of Work and Success. From Workshop to Enterprise and the Role of the Foreman. The Nature of Motivation. Realizing an Idea as a Physical Process. The Nature of Work In the Information Age. The Role of Information Technology for the Modern Manager. Defining Management When Information Is a Commodity. Information Feeds and Flows in the Modern Organization. Explicit Politics and Implicit Organizations. Building Computer Support For Organizational Processes. Roles Required For Organizational Processing. Planning For PC Integration in the Information Environment. The Evolution of PC LANS to Providers of Universal Connectivity. Conclusion. 12. Leveraging Middleware Standards for Distributed Database Access, Kurt Dahm. Introduction. The Traditional Client-Server Models In Distributed Database Computing. The Two-Tier Client-Server Model. Client-Server Communication Over the Network. ODBC Performance Issues. Three-Tier Client-Server Models. The Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) Standard. DCE Components. Client-Server Before DCE Services. Leveraging DCE in a Two- and Three-Tier Client-Server Environment. DCE in a Two-Tier Client-Server Model. The Connection/DCE for ODBC Architecture. ODBC Performance Benefits. The Benefits of DCE Client-Server Configurations for Two-Tiered Connectivity Using ODBC. Two-Tier Configuration Requirements. Cost of Two-Tier DCE Provisioning. Support For Three-Tier Client-Server Implementations. Three-Tier Architecture Background. Using Existing Two-Tier Applications in a Three-Tier Configuration. Logical and Physical Separation of Three Tiers. Benefits of the Three-Tier Standards-Based Approach. Conclusion. 13. Personal Computer Integration in the Andrew System, Wallace Colyer and Walter Wong. Introduction. The Evolution of Andrew. Andrew: From Birth through Childhood (1983--1988). Andrew-Plus: The Teenage Years (1988--1992). Andrew Today: Finding the Gray Hairs (1992--Present). Andrew II. Project Cyrus: The Mail/Bboard System. Filesystems. Netware/AFS Project. Project Papyrus: The Printing System. Project Polaris: The Help System. Other Projects. Conclusion. Acknowledgements. References. 14. PC Integration in an OSF/DCE Environment, Ted Hanss. Introduction. The University of Michigan. The Center for Information Technology. Integration. DCE Overview. Why DCE? Native Support Or Gateway? A File System Gateway Case Study. AFS and DFS. Intermediate File Servers. Netware/DCE Integration. PC Client-Server Integration With DCE. Deployment Plans. Futures. Summary. 15. Client-Server at Brigham and Women's Hospital: An Enterprise of PCs, Pasha Roberts. The Setting. Health Care, Hospitals, and Teaching Hospitals. Brigham and Women's Hospital. The Brigham Integrated Computing System (BICS). Build or Buy? The Old Platform and Its Challenges. The New Platform (TNP) Is Born: Guiding Concepts. An "Industrial-Strength" Network. TNP Architecture. Database Service. Network File and Print Service. Network Management Is Essential. The Basic Design Question: What Is a Network? Desirable Characteristics. TNP's Network Management System. Managing the Network Operating System. Application Migration: Changing Tiress While Driving. Conversion Strategy. Conversion Tactics. Lessons For Management. Political Peril. Risk Management. Project Management. Skills and Orientation. Myth or Truth: The Cheap Client-Server Network. Summary. Acknowledgements. 16. The Digital IT Infrastructure for Distributed Client-Server Computing, George Champine. Introduction: The Current Transition in IT Technology. Business Benefits of the IT Infrastructure. Alternative Approaches To Client-Server Computing. The Traditional Approach. The New Technology Strategy. Client-Server Systems. Client-Server Structure. Connecting the Client to the Infrastructure. Enterprise-Wide Services. System Design. Remote and Mobile Access. Management. Help Desk. Infrastructure Support Of Client Applications Development. Deployment Status. Cost of Client-Server. Lessons Learned To Date. 17. Managing the Unmanageable: The University of Washington Approach, Terry Gray and Brad Greer. Introduction. Background. The University of Washington. Computing and Communications Philosophy. The Changing Personal Computing Environment. Architecture. System Goals: User View. System Goals: Manager View. Design Principles. Distributed System Elements. A Typical Computing Cluster. Email. Reference System Concepts. Implementation. Context. The Reference System. X Terminals and Cluster Architecture. Managing and Integrating PCs. Limitations. Future Directions. Conclusions. PART III: VENDOR STRATEGIES. 18. Analysis of Vendor Strategies, Allen Falcon. Introduction. Goal of the Chapter. Chapter Organization. User Framework For Evaluating Vendor Strategies. The User Perspective Model. Service Definition. Key Evaluation Issues and Considerations. User Functionality. Openness. Interoperability. Security. Network and Systems Management. The Current Environment and Migration. Understanding the Current Environment. Migration Issues. Conclusion. 19. The Microsoft Strategy for the Integration of Personal Computers into Distributed Computing Environments, L. Gregory Leake. Introduction. Microsoft Components For A Distributed Computing Environment. Support For Standards, Interoperability, and Integration. The Windows Open Services Architecture. Microsoft Desktop Operating Systems. Microsoft Windows NT Workstation. Microsoft Windows 95. Microsoft Windows Networking. Microsoft Windows Networking Infrastructure. Overview of the Windows Networking Architecture. Server-Based and Peer-to-Peer File and Print Services. Microsoft Windows NT Server. Microsoft Network Server Applications. The Microsoft Database Strategy. Microsoft SQL Server. Providing a Distributed Database Architecture. Accessing Data Distributed Across Heterogeneous Platforms. Microsoft's Messaging Strategy. MAPI. Microsoft Exchange. Microsoft Desktop Management. Information in the Registry. Registry Features. Microsoft Remote Procedure Call. Desktop and Network Security. Desktop Configuration Control. Data Backup and Restore. Simple Network Management Protocol. Desktop Management Interface (DMI). Microsoft System Management Server. Hardware and Software Inventory. Shared Application Management. Queries. Software Package Distribution and Workstation Installation. Remote Control and Monitoring of Workstations. System Event Logging and Alerts. Communication Between Sites. Remote Computing. Remote Access Service. Remote Network Access. Including Office Equipment in the Network: Microsoft at Work. The Microsoft Object Technology Strategy: OLE. OLE and the Component Object Model. OLE and Distributed Object Systems. Microsoft Windows NT "Cairo" . Distributed Object Architecture. Object File System. Distributed File System. Integrated Directory Service. Class-Based Replication. Distributed Security. Microsoft Windows NT "Cairo" and Interoperability. Summary. 20. Novell's Strategy and its Implications for Corporate Client-Server Computing, Michael Dortch. Introduction. Background. Netware: Novell's Crown Jewels. UNIXWARE: The Netware of UNIX Implementations? APPWARE: Mass-Market Applications Development. Novell at the Desktop: From Operating Systems to the "Advanced Client" . Network Applications: The Next Generation. Tying It All Together. 21. IBM LAN Systems PC Integration Strategy, Kim Wilkens. Introduction: Traditional Business Structures Are Changing. Marketplace Swings Over A Decade. The Emergence of PCs and LANs. The Client-Server Revolution. The Growing Importance of UNIX. The Emphasis on Open Systems. The Arrival of Object-Oriented Technology. Client-Server Opportunity in the '90s. Systems Strategy. The Evolution of IBM LAN Systems. Connection Flexibility. Workgroup Computing. Bringing the LAN on the Road. Communicating Among Networks. Easy Access to Host Data. System Management. Extending Today's Products. The Open Blueprint. Enhancing Application Development. Procedural Framework. Object Framework. Delivering A System. Industry Practice vs. Customer Needs. Conclusion. References. 22. Digital's PC Integration Strategy, John Parodi. Introduction. Distributed Objects. Object-Oriented Programming Background. The Common Object Model (COM). COM/CORBA Interoperation. Network Operating Systems. OSF Distributed Computing Environment. Summary. 23. Hewlett-Packard's Personal Computer Integration Strategy, Paul J. Rafter. Introduction. Networking Hardware and Software. Server Platforms. Desktop and Mobile Computing. Consulting Services and Support. Applying Technology To Meet Customer Needs. Evolutionary Stages of Computer Implementation. Helping Our Customers Evolve. HP'S Unique Qualifications Support Our Strategy. MC2. Mapping HP's Organizational Structure to Strategy . Hewlett-Packard Company's Evolution Into Integrated Systems. Hewlettt's PC Integration Strategy, Phil Rosenzweig. Introduction. The Answer: Standards-Based Networks. Convergence. A Mulitprotocol World. Management and Control. Solarnet: Managing Networked PCs. Management Tools and Functions. Connectivity. Automatic Configuration of PC Clients. User Views. Administration Tools and Framework. Name Services. Network Applications and Windows Sockets. Network Management. Network-Accessible Documentation. Future Trends. Interfaces. PC Client Implementations. Nomadic Computing. Network Management. Summary. Appendix A: Systems Management Product Usage and Plans. Current Usage. Planned Usage. Requirements. Scalable. Interoperable. Modular/Extensible. Network-Aware. Event- Driven. Policy-Managed. Consistent and Coherent. Compatible. Standards- Compliant. Reliable. Maintainable. Configurability. Appendix B: Attributes. User and Group Management. Attributes. Methods. License Management. Attributes. Methods. Administration Tools. Software Installation and Distribution. Attributes. Index.
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