Mixing zone models for submerged discharges

著者

書誌事項

Mixing zone models for submerged discharges

I.K. Tsanis, C. Valeo

（Environmental hydraulics, vol. 1）

Computational Mechanics Publications, c1994

  • uk
  • us

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-120) and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Raw and treated liquid waste is routinely disposed of in nearby bodies of water. The disposal method can be as important as the treatment process with regard to maintaining a healthy water quality. Improper liquid waste management can result in an excess of nutrients, heavy metals and toxic organics which can have serious effects on human health. Low levels of dissolved oxygen caused by the oxidation of ammonia and the decay of algae can compromise the suitability of deeper waters as a fish habitat. The water's recreational appeal and aesthetic quality are gradually destroyed as the levels of suspended solids and dissolved organics increase. Liquid waste has traditionally been disposed of by either surface discharges or submerged outfalls. An outfall may take the form of a single pipe, or it may include a diffuser (a section of pipe perforated with two or more outlets called ports). Diffusers are currently the most popular method of liquid effluent disposal, since the fluid is distributed over a larger area, thus increasing the dilution and minimizing the effects to the receiving water. Mathematical models are frequently employed to determine whether the dilution achieved above a diffuser conforms to water quality standards. This book covers the fundamentals of dilution modelling and evaluates the more recent models using field and laboratory data.

目次

  • Part 1 Fundamentals of dilution modelling: the physics of Plume and Jet modelling
  • diffuser geometry
  • general model types. Part 2 Mathematical models: UM (PLUMES 2nd ed.)
  • RSB (PLUMES 2nd ed.)
  • CORMIX2 version 2.10. Part 3 Sewage treatment plant outfalls: model validation
  • the Alyeska outfall in Port Valdez, Alaska
  • The York Durham STP outfall in Lake Ontario
  • the Boston STP outfall in Massachusetts Bay. Part 4 Thermal discharges: model validation
  • ARL diffuser in Long Island Sound
  • New England Power Company
  • Darlington Hydraulic model study
  • concluding remarks. Part 5 Surface discharges - Mimico Creek: CORMIX3 and the 3D stratified hydrodynamic pollutant transport model
  • field data selection
  • results
  • concluding remarks.

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