Semantics
著者
書誌事項
Semantics
（Introducing linguistics, 2）
Blackwell, 1997
- : hbk
- : pbk
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注記
"Drafts of the book were used as course material in the Centre for Language and Communication Studies, Trinity College Dublin."--Pref
Bibliography: p. [337]-353
Includes index
内容説明・目次
- 巻冊次
-
: hbk ISBN 9780631200345
内容説明
This is a general introduction to semantics for readers new to the subject. The book is designed to be accessible to undergraduate students of language and linguistics, as well as the general reader. The aim of the book is to introduce some of the central areas of investigation in the field, and to enable the reader to proceed into the more specialized and technical literature. The book is organized into three parts: the first is concerned with the place of semantics within linguistics and its relationship to other disciplines, such as philosophy and psychology, which share some of the same interests. Part two is the main part of the book, and introduces central topics in the description of word and sentence meaning. Part three reviews three important current theoretical approaches to semantics. Each chapter contains exercises to familiarize the reader with the practice of semantic description.
目次
- Part 1 Preliminaries: semantics in linguistics
- reference. Part 2 Semantic description
- word meaning. sentence relations and truth
- sentence meaning
- situations
- sentence meaning
- particupants
- context and inference
- functions of language - speech as action. Part 3 Theoretical approaches: meaning components
- formal semantics
- cognitive semantics.
- 巻冊次
-
: pbk ISBN 9780631200352
内容説明
This volume provides an engaging introduction to semantics for readers new to the subject. The book has three sections. Part I is concerned with the place of semantics within linguistics and its relation with the disciplines of philosophy and psychology. Part II introduces central topics in the description of word and sentence meaning. Part III reviews the three main current theoretical approaches to semantics: componential theory, formal semantics and cognitive semantics.The book discusses semantic phenomena from a wide range of languages. Each chapter contains exercises to allow the reader to explorethe issues raised, and suggestions fro further readings.
目次
List of Figures. Preface. List of Abbreviations. Part I: Preliminaries: 1. Semantics in Linguistics. Introduction. Semantics and Semiotics. Three Challenges in Doing Semantics. Meeting the Challenges. Semantics in a Model of Grammar. Some Important Assumptions. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. 2. Meaning, Thought and Reality. Introduction. Reference. Reference as a Theory of Meaning. Mental Representations. Words, Concepts and Thinking. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. Part II: Semantic Description: 3. Word Meaning. Introduction. Words and Grammatical Categories. Words and Lexical Items. Problems and Pinning Down Word Meaning. Lexical Relations. Derivational Relations. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. 4. Sentence Relations and Truth. Introduction. Logic and Truth. Necessary Truth, A Priori Truth and Analyticity. Entailment. Presupposition. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. 5. Sentence Semantics 1: Situations. Introduction. Classifying Situations. Modality and Evidentiality. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. 6. Sentence Semantics 2: Participants. Introduction: Classifying Participants. Thematic Roles. Grammatical Relations and Thematic Roles. Verbs and Thematic Role Grids. Problems with Thematic Roles. The Motivation for Identifying Thematic Roles. Voice. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. 7. Context and Inference. Introduction. Deixis. Reference and Context. Knowledge as Context. Information Structure. Inference. Conversational Implicature. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. 8. Functions of Language: Speech as Action. Introduction. Austin's Speech Act Theory. Categorizing Speech Acts. Indirect Speech Acts. Sentence Types. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. Part III: Theoretical Approaches: 9. Meaning Components. Introduction. Lexical Relations in CA. Katz's Semantic Theory. Grammatical Rules and Semantic Components. Components and Conflation Patterns. Jackendoff's Conceptual Structure. Problems with Components of Meaning. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. 10. Formal Semantics. Introduction. Model-Theoretical Semantics. Translating English into Logical Metalanguage. The Semantics of the Logical Metalanguage. Checking the Truth Value of Sentences. Intensionality. Word Meaning: Meaning Postulates. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. 11. Cognitive Semantics. Introduction. Metaphor. Image Schemas. Polysemy. Mental Spaces. Construing a Scene. Summary. Further Reading. Exercises. Notes. References. Index.
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