Western philosophy : an anthology

著者

• Cottingham, John

書誌事項

Western philosophy : an anthology

edited by John Cottingham

（Blackwell philosophy anthologies, 1）

Blackwell Publishers, 1996

• : pbk

注記

Includes index

内容説明・目次

巻冊次

ISBN 9780631186267

内容説明

From Ancient Greece to the leading philosophers of today, this book provides a comprehensive survey of the Western philosophy tradition. In 100 extracts from the great philosophers, it covers all the main branches of philosophy, including theory of knowledge and metaphysics, philosophy of religion and science, moral philosophy (theoretical and applied), political theory and aesthetics. Chronologically and thematically arranged, the readings are introduced and linked together by philosophical commentary, which guides the reader through the key arguments and concepts. This text should meet the needs of a wide variety of introductory courses in philosophy, in colleges and universities, as well as providing more advanced students with a collection of classic source material.

目次

• Introduction: advice to readers and format of the volume. Part 1 Knowledge and certainty: innate knowlege - Plato, Meno
• knowlege versus opinion - Plato, "Republic"
• demonstrative knowlege and its starting points - Aristotle, "Posterior Analytics"
• new foundations for knowledge - Rene Descartes, "Meditations"
• the senses as the basis of knowledge - John Locke, "Essay Concerning Human Understanding"
• innate knowledge defended - Gottfried Leibniz, "New Essays on Human Understanding"
• scepticism versus human nature - David Hume, "Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding"
• experience and understanding - Immanuel Kant, "Critique of Pure Reason"
• from sense-certainty to self-consciousness - Georg Hegel, "Phenomenology of Mind"
• against scepticism - G.E. Moore, "A Defence of Common Sense"
• specimen questions
• suggestions for further reading. Part 2 Being and reality: the allegory of the cave - Plato "Republic"
• individual substance - Aristotle, "Categories"
• supreme being and created things - Rene Descartes, "Principles of Philosophy"
• qualities and ideas - John Locke, "Essay Concerning Human Understanding"
• substance, life and activity - Gottfried Leibniz, "New System"
• nothing outside the mind - George Berkeley, "Principles of Human Knowledge"
• the limits of metaphysical speculation - David Hume, "Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding"
• metaphysics old and new - Immanuel Kant, "Critique of Pure Reason"
• being and involvement - Martin Heidegger, "Being and Time"
• the end of metaphysics? - Rudolph Carnap, "The Elimination of Metaphysics"
• specimen questions
• suggestions for further reading. Part 3 Mind and body: the immortal soul - Plato, "Phaedo"
• soul and body, form and matter - Artistotle, "De Anima"
• the human soul - Thomas Aquinas, "Summa Theologiae"
• the incorporeal mind - Rene Descartes, "Mediations"
• the identity of mind and body - Benedict Spinoza, "Ethics"
• mind-body correlations - Nicolas Malebranche, "Dialogues on Metaphysics"
• body and mind as manifestations of will - Arthur Schopenhauer, "The World as Will and Idea"
• the problem of other minds - John Stuart Mill, "An Examination of Sir William Hamilton's Philosophy"
• the hallmarks of mental phenomena - Frans Brentano, "Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint"
• the myth of the "ghost in the machine" - Gilbert Ryle, "The Concept of Mind"
• specimen questions
• suggestions for further reading. Part 4 The self and freedom: (a) the self - the self and consciousness - John Locke, "Essay Concerning Human Understanding", the indefinable self - Joseph Butler, "Of Personal Identity", the self as bundle - David Hume, "A Treatise of Human Nature", the partly hidden self - Sigmund Freud, "Lectures on Psychoanalysis", liberation from the self - Derek Parfit, "Reasons and Persons"
• (b) freedom - human freedom and divine providence - Augustine of Hippo, "The City of God", freedom within necessity - Thomas Hobbes, "Of Freedom and Necessity". (Part contents)

巻冊次

: pbk ISBN 9780631186274

内容説明

From ancient Greece to the leading philosophers of today, Western Philosophy: An Anthology provides the most comprehensive and authoritative survey of the Western philosophical tradition. In 100 substantial and carefully chosen extracts, the volume covers all the main branches of philosophy - theory of knowledge and metaphysics, philosophy of mind, religion and science, moral philosophy (theoretical and applied), political theory and aesthetics. Chronologically and thematically arranged, the readings are introduced and linked together by a lucid philosophical commentary which guides the reader through the key arguments. This outstanding text will support a wide variety of introductory courses in philosophy, as well as providing more advanced students with a handy collection of classic source materials.

目次

Preface. Acknowledgements. Advice to Readers and Format of the Volume. Part I: Knowledge and Certainty: 1. Innate Knowledge: Plato, Meno. 2. Knowledge versus Opinion: Plato, Republic. 3. Demonstrative Knowledge and its Starting-points: Aristotle, Posterior Analytics. 4. New Foundations for Knowledge: RenU Descartes, Meditations. 5. The Senses as the Basis of Knowledge: John Locke, Essay concerning Human Understanding. 6. Innate Knowledge Defended: Gottfried Leibniz, New Essays on Human Understanding. 7. Scepticism versus Human Nature: David Hume, Enquiry concerning Human Understanding. 8. Experience and Understanding: Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason. 9. From Sense-certainty to Self-consciousness: Georg Hegel, Phenomenology of Spirit. 10. Against Scepticism: G. E. Moore, A Defence of Common Sense. Specimen Questions. Suggestions for Further Reading. Part II: Being and Reality: 11. The Allegory of the Cave: Plato, Republic. 12. Individual Substance: Aristotle, Categories. 13. Supreme Being and Created Things: RenU Descartes, Principles of Philosophy. 14. Qualities and Ideas: John Locke, Essay concerning Human Understanding. 15. Substance, Life and Activity: Gottfried Leibniz, New System. 16. Nothing Outside the Mind: George Berkeley, Principles of Human Knowledge. 17. The Limits of Metaphysical Speculation: David Hume, Enquiry concerning Human Understanding. 18. Metaphysics, Old and New: Immanuel Kant, Prolegomena. 19. Being and Involvement: Martin Heidegger, Being and Time. 20. The End of Metaphysics?: Rudolf Carnap, The Elimination of Metaphysics. Specimin Questions. Suggestions for Further Reading. Part III: Mind and Body: 21. The Immortal Soul: Plato, Phaedo. 22. Soul and Body, Form and Master: Aristotle, De Anima. 23. The Human Soul: Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae. 24. The Incorporeal Mind: RenU Descartes, Meditations. 25. The Identity of Mind and Body: Benedict Spinoza, Ethics. 26. Mind-Body Correlations: Nicolas Malebranche, Dialogues on Metaphysics. 27. Body and Mind as Manifestations of Will: Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Idea. 28. The Problem of Other Minds: John Stuart Mill, An Examination of Sir William Hamilton's Philosophy. 29. The Hallmarks of Mental Phenomena: Franz Brentano, Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint. 30. The Myth of the 'Ghost in the Machine': Gilbert Ryle, The Concept of Mind. Specimen Questions. Suggestions for Further Reading. Part IV: The Self and Freedom: The Self: 31. The Self and Consciousness: John Locke, Essay concerning Human Understanding. 32. The Self as Primitive Concept: Joseph Butler, Of Personal Identity. 33. The Self as Bundle: David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature. 34. The Partly Hidden Self: Sigmund Freud, Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis. 35. Liberation from the Self: Derek Parfit, Reasons and Persons. Freedom: 36. Human Freedom and Divine Providence: Augustine of Hippo, The City of God. 37. Freedom to Do What We Want: Thomas Hobbes, Liberty, Necessity and Chance. 38. Absolute Determinism: Pierre Simon de Laplace, Philosophical Essay on Probability. 39. Condemned to be Free: Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness. 40. Determination and Our Attitudes to Others: Peter Strawson, Freedom and Resentment. Specimen Questions. Suggestions for Further Reading. Part V: God and Religion: 41. The Existence of God: Anselm of Canterbury, Proslogion. 42. The Five Proofs of God: Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae. 43. God and the Idea of Perfection: RenU Descartes, Meditations. 44. The Wager: Blaise Pascal, PensUes. 45. The Problem of Evil: Gottfried Leibniz, Theodicy. 46. The Argument from Design: David Hume, Dialogues concerning Natural Religion. 47. Against Miracles: David Hume, Enquiry concerning Human Understanding. 48. Faith and Subjectivity: S ren Kierkegaard, Concluding Unscientific Postscript. 49. Reason, Passion and the Religious Hypothesis: William James, The Will to Believe. 50. The Meaning of Religious Language: John Wisdom, Gods. Specimen Questions. Suggestions for Further Reading. Part VI: Science and Method: 51. Four Types of Explanation: Aristotle, Physics. 52. Experimental Methods and True Causes: Francis Bacon, Novum Organum. 53. Mathematical Science and the Control of Nature: RenU Descartes, Discourse on the Method. 54. The Limits of Scientific Explanation: George Berkeley, On Motion. 55. The Problem of Induction: David Hume, Enquiry concerning Human Understanding. 56. The Relation between Cause and Effect: David Hume, Enquiry concerning Human Understanding. 57. Causality and Our Experience of Events: Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason. 58. The Uniformity of Nature: John Stuart Mill, System of Logic. 59. Science and Falsifiability: Karl Popper, Conjectures and Refutations. 60. Change and Crisis in Science: Thomas Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Specimen Questions. Suggestions for Further Reading. Part VII: Morality and the Good Life. 61. Morality and Happiness: Plato, Republic. 62. Ethical Virtue: Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics. 63. Virtue, Reason and the Passions: Benedict Spinoza, Ethics. 64. Human Feeling as the Source of Ethics: David Hume, Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals. 65. Duty and Reason as the Ultimate Principle: Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. 66. Happiness as the Foundation of Morality: John Stuart Mill, Utilitarianism. 67. Utility and Common-sense Morality: Henry Sidgwick, Methods of Ethics. 68. Against Conventional Morality: Friedrich Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil. 69. Duty and Intuition: W. D. Ross, The Right and the Good. 70. Rational Choice and Fairness: John Rawls, A Theory of Justice. Specimen Questions. Suggestions for Further Reading. Part VIII: Problems in Ethics: 71. Inequality, Freedom and Slavery: Aristotle, Politics. 72. War and Justice: Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae. 73. Ending Life: David Hume, On Suicide. 74. Gender, Liberty and Equality: Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Women. 75. Partiality and Favouritism: William Godwin, Enquiry concerning Political Justice. 76. The Status of Non-human Animals: Immanuel Kant, Lectures on Ethics. 77. The Purpose of Punishment: Jeremy Bentham, Principles of Morals and Legislation. 78. Our Relationship to the Environment: Aldo Leopold, The Land Ethic. 79. Abortion and Rights: Judith Jarvis Thomson, A Defense of Abortion. 80. The Relief of Global Suffering: Peter Singer, Famine, Affluence and Morality. Specimen Questions. Suggestions for Further Reading. Part IX: Authority and the State: 81. Our Obligation to Respect the Laws of the State: Plato, Crito. 82. The Just Ruler: Thomas Aquinas, On Princely Government. 83. Sovereignty and Security: Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan. 84. Consent and Political Obligation: John Locke, Second Treatise of Civil Government. 85. Against Contractarianism: David Hume, Of the Original Contract. 86. Society and the Individual: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract. 87. The Unified State - From Individual Desire to Rational Self-determination: Georg Hegel, The Philosophy of Right. 88. Property, Labour and Alienation: Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The German Ideology. 89. The Limits of Majority Rule: John Stuart Mill, On Liberty. 90. The Minimal State: Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia. Specimen Questions. Suggestions for Further Reading. Part X: Beauty and Art: 91. Art and Imitation: Plato, Republic. 92. The Nature and Function of Dramatic Art: Aristotle, Poetics. 93. The Idea of Beauty: Francis Hutcheson, Inquiry concerning Beauty, Order, Harmony, Design. 94. Aesthetic Appreciation: David Hume, Of the Standard of Taste. 95. The concept of the Beautiful: Immanuel Kant, Critique of Judgement. 96. The Metaphysics of Beauty: Arthur Schopenhauer, On Aesthetics. 97. The Two Faces of Art: Friedrich Nietzsche, The Birth of Tragedy. 98. The Value of Art: Leo Tolstoy, What is Art? 99. Imagination and Art: Jean-Paul Sartre, The Psychology of Imagination. 100. What is Aesthetics?: Ludwig Wittgenstein, Lectures on Aesthetics. Specimen Questions. Suggestions for Further Reading. Notes on the Philosophers. Index.

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詳細情報

• NII書誌ID(NCID): BA29316178
• ISBN:
  • 0631186263
  • 0631186271
• LCCN: 95042829
• 出版国コード: uk
• タイトル言語コード: eng
• 本文言語コード: eng
• 出版地: Oxford
• ページ数/冊数: xxiii, 626 p.
• 大きさ: 25 cm
• 分類:
  • LCC : BD21
  • DC20 : 190
• 件名:
  • LCSH : Philosophy -- Introductions
• 親書誌ID:
  • BA28934477