Principles of seed pathology
Author(s)
Bibliographic Information
Principles of seed pathology
Lewis Publishers, c1997
2nd ed
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Note
Includes bibliographical references and index
Description and Table of Contents
Description
Seed testing centers exist in almost every country in every corner of the globe. More and more students are enrolling in programs that require knowledge of the complex and fascinating science of seed pathology. The implications of seed pathology for human health remains an important issue. For all of these reasons and more, this book is a necessary and timely reference that covers the full range of related topics, including techniques for detecting and studying microorganisms associated with seeds, their epidemiology, and control.
No other book like this exists. Until now, the information has been widely scattered in journals and other sources. This is an excellent new edition - ideal for students and teachers in the agricultural and life sciences; individuals involved in seed certification; members of plant quarantine laboratories; plant pathologists doing research in seed pathology; and producers of planting seeds for the next season's crops.
Features
Table of Contents
Introduction
Terminology
Historical Development
Development of Seed Health Testing
Significance
Reduction in Crop Yields
Loss in Germination and Vigor
Development of Plant Diseases
Discoloration and Shrivelling
Biochemical Changes in Seeds
Alteration in Physical Properties of Seeds
Seedborne Pathogens
Fungi
Bacteria
Mycoplasmalike Organisms
Fastidious Vascular Bacteria
Spiroplasmas
Viruses
Viroids
Nematodes
Location of Seedborne Inoculum
Histopathology of Some Seedborne Pathogens
Seed Infection
Embryo
Endosperm and Perisperm
Seed Coat and Pericarp
Glume Infection
Seed Infestation or Contamination
Mechanism of Seed Infection
Seed Infection
Systemic Infection through Flower, Fruit, or Seed Stalk
Penetration through the Stigma
Penetration through the Ovary Wall and Seed Coat
Penetration through the Natural Openings and Injuries
Seed Infestation or Contamination
Pathogens Adhering to the Seed Surfaces
Concomitant Seed Contamination
Factors Affecting Seed Infection
Host Genotype
Environment
Moisture
Temperature
Wind Velocity
Rainfall
Irrigation
Crop Management
Seed Production Area
Tillage
Plant Population
Fertilizers
Growth Regulators
Weeds
Irrigation
Frost
Harvest Time
Type of Inoculum
Seed Quality
Plant Growth Stage
Mother Plant Infection
Insect Infestation
Pathogen Interaction
Longevity of Seedborne Pathogens
Longevity
Factors Influencing Longevity
Host Genotype
Inoculum
Seed Storage Containers
Storage Environment
Storage Period
Presence of Antagonistic Microflora
Seed Transmission and Inoculation
Seed Transmission
Systemic Seed Transmission
Nonsystemic Seed Transmission
Seed Inoculation
Factors Affecting Seed Transmission
Crop Species
Environment
Moisture
Temperature
Wind-Blown Rain
Light
Inoculum
Minimum Effective Level of Inoculum for Seed Transmission and Establishment in Seedlings or Plants
Inoculum Location
Type of Inoculum
Survival of Inoculum
Cultural Practices
Soil Type
Soil Reaction
Seeding Rate
Depth of Sowing
Sowing Time
Fertilizers
Planting Method
Seed Abnormalities
Seed Germination
Epigeal
Hypogeal
Seed Leachates
Presence of Other Microflora
Epidemiology and Inoculum Thresholds of Seedborne Pathogens
Epidemiology
Classification of Seedborne Diseases Based on Epidemiology
Inoculum Thresholds
Fungi
Bacteria
Viruses
Development of Inoculum Thresholds
Planting Area
Role of Seedborne Inoculum in Disease Development
Host Susceptibility
Economic Loss Due to Seedborne Pathogens
Perpetuation of Inoculum by Other Means
Cropping Practices
Influence of Seed Treatment on Seedborne Infection
Certification Program
Seed Processing Procedures
Seed Health Tests
Nonparasitic Seed Disorders
Genetic Effects
Mechanical Injuries
Environmental Effects
Temperature
Humidity
Mineral Deficiencies
Insect Damage
Deterioration of Grains by Storage Fungi
Field and Storage Fungi
Invasion by Storage Fungi
Losses
Decrease in Germinability
Discoloration and Shrinkage of the Grains
Heating
Spoilage in Nutritive Value
Production of Toxins
Conditions Favoring Storage Fungi Development
Moisture Content
Temperature
Gas Tension
Physical Damage of the Seed
Degree of Seed Infestation/Invasion Prior to Storage
Admixtures with the Seed
Length of Storage
Insect and Mite Infestation
Detection of Damage
Examination of Dry Seeds
Isolation of Fungi
Bright-Field Microscopic Examination
Observation under UV Light
Measurement of Gases
Determination of FAV
Moldy Smell
Collection of Seed Exudates
Immunoassays
Ergosterol Estimation
Scanning Electon Microscopy
Control
Avoiding Damage to Seeds During Harvesting, Processing, Threshing
Storage Conditions
Reducing Seed Moisture to Safe Limits
Seed Treatment
Resistance
Mycotoxins and Mycotoxicoses
Introduction
Mycotoxins
Aflatoxins
Ochratoxins A (OA)
Trichothecenes
Ergot Alkaloids
Patulin
Zearalenone
Penicillic Acid
Sterigmatocystin
Citreoviridin
Citrinin
Fungi Known to Produce Mycotoxins
Factors Affecting Mycotoxin Production
Host Species
Fungal Invasion
Agronomic Practices
Moisture Content
Temperature
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentration
pH
Mycoflora Competition
Insect Damage
Effects of Mycotoxins
Yield Reduction
Inhibition of Seed Germination
Units for Trade
Extra Cost for Seed Analysis
Extra Cost to Dry Infected Grain
Additional Cost of Detoxifying
Mycotoxicoses
Detection
Sampling
Extraction
Analysis
Control
Storage Conditions
Sorting of Grains
Cultural Operations
Chemical Treatment
Biological Control
Detoxification
Regulatory Measures
Use of Resistant Cultivars
Control of Seedborne Pathogens
Introduction
Selection of Seed Production Areas
Crop Management
High-Quality Seed
Seeding Rate
Planting Time
Burning
Balanced Fertility
Planting Method
Spacing
Depth of Planting
Water Management
Crop Rotation
Isolation Distances
Roguing
Foliar Fungicide Sprays
Insect Control
Weed Control
Harvesting
Seed Treatment
Biological Control
Chemical Method
Mechanical Method
Physical Methods
Certification
Setting Certification Standards
Plant Quarantine
Components of Plant Quarantine
National and International Regulations
Basic Principles of Plant Quarantine
Criteria for Deferring Organisms for Quarantine Significance
Problems in Plant Quarantines
Organisms of Quarantine Significnce
Plant Quarantine Measures
Guidelines for Import of Germ Plasm
Disease Resistance
Index
by "Nielsen BookData"