Streamflow measurement

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書誌事項

Streamflow measurement

E. & FN. Spon, 1995

2nd ed

大学図書館所蔵 件 / 全3件

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内容説明・目次

内容説明

The second edition of Streamflow Measurement meets the demands of engineers and managers in the water industry on how to obtain information on the flow in the world's rivers in view of the decreasing availability of usable water. It deals with all aspects of establishing, operating and maintaining streamflow measurement stations to ensure they provide maximum information. The data are used to plan and design efficient and cost-effective projects and developments. The book covers both traditional methods of data collection and methods involving the use of new and advanced technologies. It provides hydrologists and engineers with a complete reference from which to establish the accurate and reliable collection of information.

目次

  • Introduction: Field measurements. Cost effectiveness. International standards in stream gauging. Summary of methods. Selection of method. Bibliography. The velocity-area method of streamflow measurement: General. Spacing of verticals. Computation of current meter measurements. Measurement of velocity. Current meters. Rating of current meters. Considerations in current meter design. Care of current meters. Procedure for current meter measurement of discharge. Bibliography. Measurement of stage: General. The reference gauge. Water level recorders. Optical shaft encoders
  • Solid-state recorders. Stilling wells and intakes. Instrument house. Telemetering systems. Bibliography. The stage-discharge relation: General. The station control. The simple stage-discharge curve. The logarithmic method. Examples of logarithmic stage-discharge curves. Rating table. Semi-logarithmic graph paper. Polynomial curve fitting. Bibliography. Special problems in streamflow measurement: Depth corrections for sounding line and weight. Oblique flow. Stilling well lag and draw-down. Rapidly changing discharge. Shifting control. Extrapolation of rating curves. Overflow. Current meter measurements in streamflow in arid regions. Safety measures in streamflow measurement. Bibliography. Measurement by floats: General. Cross-sections. Floats. Placing of floats. Position fixing. Determination of mean velocity. Compulation of discharge. Example. The rising air float technique. Float gauging using aircraft. Bibliography. The slope-area method of streamflow measurement: General. Chezy and Manning equations. The energy equation. Calculation of velocity head. Estimation of Manning's and Chezy's C. Calculation of discharge. Selection of reach. Examples. Bibliography. The stage-fall-discharge method of streamflow measurement: General. Categories of stage-fall-discharge ratings. Bibliography. Weirs and flumes: General. Principles and theory. Measurement of head. Check calibration in the field. Types of measuring structure. Bibliography. Dilution gauging: General. Principle. Tracers. Selection of measuring reach. Procedure. Site selection. Design and construction. Bibliography. Accuracy: Introduction. Standard deviation. Nature of errors. Theory of errors. The error equation. Values of uncertainties. Examples in the calculation of uncertainties. Estimation of length of record required at a streamflow station. Uncertainties in individual methods. Bibliography. Hydrometric data processing: General. Chart recorders. Solid state recorders. Computer data processing. Data transmission. Data quality control. Ultrasonic and electomagnetic streamflow stations. Wastewater treatment works and waterworks flows. Archive files. Data retrieval. Publication of flow data. Flow in pipes: Closed conduit flowmeters. Discharge through unmetered pipes. Appendix

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