Rumen microbes and digestive physiology in ruminants

著者

書誌事項

Rumen microbes and digestive physiology in ruminants

edited by Ryoji Onodera ... [et al.]

Japan Scientific Societies Press , Karger, c1997

  • : ja
  • : sw

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注記

"Supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture under Grant-in-Aid for Publication of Scientific Research Result." -- T.p. verso

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

In anticipation of an increase in the world population in the 21st century, research and techniques must be developed to raise the level of production of food in an ecologically sustainable way. In animal production, ruminant animals are of great importance as livestock, because they are able to utilize plant fibre efficiently as their main energy source and they do not compete for food with human beings. Improving the digestibility of plant fibre in the rumen is a major priority for the application of modern genetic manipulation techniques since plant fibres are the most abundant organic products of photosynthesis.Furthermore, it has been pointed out that it is possible to increase the energetic efficiency of feed utilization by reducing methane production during fermentation, which would also have a positive effect on the environment. A further aim is to enhance microbial protein synthesis in the rumen from non-protein and protein nitrogen as well as vitamin production and utilization of minerals by rumen microorganisms. This book gives an overview of current knowledge in this area, covering major topics such as the metabolism and utilization of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, minerals as well as the energy metabolism. Scientists in the field will welcome it as an encouraging step towards the better understanding of rumen function, ruminant nutrition and physiology.

目次

  • Carbohydrate metabolism and utilization: interactions between ruminal fibrolytic bacteria and fungi
  • effect of protozoa in plant cell wall and starch digestion in the rumen
  • exploitation of rumen microbial enzymes to benefit ruminant and non-ruminant animal production
  • cellulose-binding proteins from rumen microorganisms
  • cellulosomes, cellulase complexes of anaerobic microbes - their structure models and functions
  • cloning of xylanase genes from "rumninocicus albus" and chromosome mapping of "fibrobacter succinogenes"
  • cellulase and xylanase genes from ruminal bacteria - domain analysis suggests a non-cellulosome-like model for organization of the cellulase complex. Protein metabolism and utilization: essential amino acid metabolism by rumen microrganisms and its application
  • peptide metabolism and its efficiency in ruminant production
  • the role of carbohydrate supplementation in microbial protein synthesis in the rumen
  • relationship among nitrogen balance, intestinal flow of microbial nitrogen and bone growth in calves weaned early. Lipid - mineral metabolism and utilization: lipogenesis and lipolysis in bovine adipose tissue
  • utilization of treated beef tallow in fattening sheep and cattle
  • factors affecting the fatty acid composition of beef carcass fat
  • phosphorus metabolism in ruminant animals
  • trace mineral nutrition of Philippine goats and sheep - constraints and potential
  • the contribution of bones to magnesium homeostasis in sheep. Energy metabolism - methane and milk production: methane production and its dietary manipulation in ruminants
  • ciliate protozoa and ruminal methanogenesis
  • role of somatotropin and insulin-like factors in lactation in ruminants
  • role of somatropic axis on insulin-mediated in non-insulin-mediated glucose uptake in lactating cows
  • effect of dietary energy composition on rumen fermentation andmilk productioin in high yielding dairy cows.

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