Protection from potential exposures : Application to selected radiation sources
著者
書誌事項
Protection from potential exposures : Application to selected radiation sources
（ICRP publication, 76）（Annals of the ICRP, v. 27,
Published for The Commission on Radiological Protection by Pergamon, c1997
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注記
"Adopted by the Commission in November 1996"
内容説明・目次
内容説明
ICRP Publication 76 develops the principles outlined in ICRP Publication 60 and elaborates on the concepts in ICRP Publication 64 concerning protection from potential exposure. It deals with such potential exposure primarily affecting individuals who are also subject to exposures in normal practices, either occupationally, as members of the public, or as patients. Thus, in simple terms, it deals with `common smaller accidents'. Such cases are conceptually less complicated than potential exposure affecting large numbers of people, such as nuclear disasters, or potential exposure that could occur far into the future, for instance from deep repositories for waste disposal. However, the problems discussed in the report need to be dealt with more frequently in practical situations and not least in optimisation. The report contains much `hands-on' practical example material, and should be useful in all workplaces, where it can help bridge any gap between safety and protection.
目次
Preface. Introduction. Radiation Protection in the Case of Potential Exposures. Criteria of Acceptability. Acceptability of options for improvements. Identification of Scenarios. Logical Structure of Scenarios. Reliability of Systems and Components and Assignment of Probabilities. Risk and Consequences of Potential Exposures. Detriment in assessments of potential exposures. Optimisation of Protection. Special Issues in Application. Proven Designs and Modifications. Trade-offs. Prevention and Mitigation. Events of Low Probability and Exposure of the Public. Defence-in-depth. Human Error. Potential Exposures in Medicine. Demonstrating Compliance with Regulatory Aims. Examples. Potential Exposures in Irradiators. Safety features of a moderm irradiator. Fault tree analysis of a modern irradiator. Fault tree analysis of an irradiator of old design. Comparing irradiator performances to risk constraint. Potential Exposures in Accelerators. Event tree analysis of a research accelerator. Hazard identification and fault tree analysis of an accelerator for isotope production. Potential Exposure form Lost Radiation Sources. Event tree analysis of mobile industrial radiography. Potential Exposure of Patients from a Gamma Radiotherapy Device. Description of the gamma radiotherapy device. Treatment procedures. Fault tree analysis of the radiotherapy device. References.
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