Plant nutrition for sustainable food production and environment : proceedings of the XIII International Plant Nutrition Colloquium, 13-19 September 1997, Tokyo, Japan
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Plant nutrition for sustainable food production and environment : proceedings of the XIII International Plant Nutrition Colloquium, 13-19 September 1997, Tokyo, Japan
（Developments in plant and soil sciences, v. 78）
Kluwer Academic, c1997
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Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
In the history of the International Plant Nutrition Colloquium from its first meeting in 1954, this meeting, the 13th Colloquium, is the first to be held in Asia and will be the last in the 20th century. The 20th century has seen huge changes in the number and activities of mankind. Our population has increased from around 1. 7 billion to more than 5. 8 billion and technological innovations have completely altered our way of living. As a consequence of such rapid change, we are facing many problems including changes in our environment of a global scale. But, while food shortage has been a serious concern to mankind throughout our history, serious food shortages in the 20th century have been confined to limited times and areas. As Lester Brown discusses in this volume, farmers have increased food production heroically on demand. We, the plant nutritionists should be proud of our support to the world's farmers which has helped them make their achievement possible. During the 20th century, the science of plant nutrition also has achieved great progress as described by Jack Loneragan; it became established as a discipline firmly based in science, defined the chemical elements supporting plant growth, and has contributed to improvements in plant production and environmental quality, as readers will find in many contributions in this volume.
目次
Plenary papers.- Plant nutrition in the 20th and perspectives for the 21st century.- Facing the challenge of food scarcity: Can we raise grain yields fast enough?.- Application of microinjection techniques to plant nutrition.- Regulation of mineral nitrogen uptake in plants.- Physiological nitrogen efficiency in rice: Nitrogen utilization, photosynthesis, and yield potential.- 1. Functions of macro and micro elements.- Does boron play only a structural role in the growing tissues of higher plants?.- Boron requirement for reproductive development in wheat.- Significance of N source (urea vs. NH4NO3) and Ni supply for growth, urease activity and nitrogen metabolism of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo convar. giromontiina) 75.- HPLC/ICP-MS study of metals bound to borate-rhamnogalacturonan-II from plant cell walls.- Ameliorative effects of phosphate and silicate on aluminum toxicity in barley and rice plants.- Effect of different concentrations of urea with or without nickel on spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under hydroponic culture.- Leaching from the leaf surface and its significance for apoplastic ion balance.- A borate-rhamnogalacturonan II complex in germinating pollen tubes of lily (Lilium longiflorum).- Relationships between cell wall composition and leaf development in low-P mashbean (Vigna aconitifolia) plants.- Effect of potassium on EDTA-osmoticum, nitrate reductase activity and productivity of groundnut-sugarcane intercropping under water deficit conditions.- Plant tolerance to nitrogen deficit and excess: Ion compartmentation in root cells.- Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations and their balance of durum wheat plants during different growth stages.- Calcium signalling in programmed cell death in plants.- 2. Uptake and transport of nutrients I: Nutrient uptake.- Reevaluating the free-ion activity model of trace metal availability to higher plants.- Plant uptake of Cd and Zn in chelator-buffered nutrient solution depends on ligand type.- Possible role of root-ethylene in Fe(III)-phytometallophore uptake in Strategy II species.- Compartmentation and flux analysis of Ca2+ in citrus root using isotope exchange kinetics.- Characterization of ferric chelate reductase in plasma membranes isolated from cucumber roots.- Regulation of phosphate absorption by phosphorus nutritional status in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings.- The toxicity of Cu on the seedlings of a mangrove (Kandelia candel) in the presence of NaCl.- Simultaneous observation of nitrogen uptake, transport and assimilation by rice and wheat young plants fed 15N-nitrate.- Differences in growth and nutrition of legumes in varying soil temperature and phosphorus.- Uptake and translocation of N and P in Leucaena leucocephala grown at different N, P and Al concentrations.- A high affinity Na-dependent phosphate uptake induced by P starvation in Chara.- 3. Uptake and transport of nutrients II: Nutrient translocation.- Detection and characterization of nitrogen circulation through the sieve tubes and xylem vessels of rice plants.- Isolation and patch clamp measurements of xylem contact cells for the study of their role in the exchange between apoplast and symplast of leaves.- The mechanism of phloem mobility of boron.- Characteristics of light-regulated iron transport system in barley chloroplasts.- Inheritance of potassium, calcium and magnesium status in maize (Zea mays L.) plants.- Solute-pool enlargement in drought-sensitive or -tolerant grain legumes: Concentration effect or osmotic adjustment?.- Efficiency of K utilization by soybean cultivars.- Uptake and transport of positron-emitting tracer in irradiated plants.- Seasonal changes in accumulation and retranslocation of nutrients in Casuarina glauca cladodes.- Study on sugar accumulation of sweet sorghum.- The effect of the level of nitrogen supply on the amino acid composition in phloem sap and in leaf extract of rice.- Net influx of calcium and efflux of potassium in groundnut pods grown in solution culture.- 4. Molecular biology and biotechnology in plant nutrition.- Genetic and physiological approaches toward understanding the mechanisms underlying the sulfur-regulated expression of ?-conglycinin genes.- High-affinity phosphate transporter genes of Arabidopsis thaliana.- The froh gene family from Arabidopsis thaliana: Putative iron-chelate reductases.- Transfer of potassium channel genes into tobacco.- Changes in the activities of ammonia assimilation enzymes during senescence of Brassica napus leaf protoplasts.- Exogenous sucrose supresses a far-red light block of greening in Arabidopsis seedlings.- Molecular aspects of potassium and water transport, and their bearing under salt stress.- Uninfected cell specific enhancement of a nodulin-35 genomic gene expression in soybean nodules. Evidences by RT-PCR and chimeric promoter region: GUS reporter gene analysis using transgenic hairy root system of soybean.- Expression in Escherichia coli and purification of a fusion protein containing a hydrophilic region from Oryza sativa plasma membrane H+-ATPase.- Short root-hair mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana.- Isolation of an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant in which the soybean ?-conglycinin gene promoter does not respond normally to sulfur deficiency.- Cloning of axi1-like cDNA from soybean.- Screening of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants sensitive to sulfur deficiency.- Wounding inducibility of axi1 gene, which induces auxin independent cell division of tobacco protoplast.- Pectic fragments prepared by irradiation and their phytoalexin elicitor activity.- Transcription regulation of a Kunitz chymotrypsin inhibitor gene which is expressed abundantly in seeds and tuberous roots of winged bean.- Modification of the nitrogen utilization in transgenic tobacco plants that have enhanced or repressed expression of a putative nitrite transporter in chloroplast envelope.- Hydroponic culture of Arabidopsis thaliana to screen mutants defective in the absorption of manganese.- PCR-assisted differential display of the expression of genes that are induced by manganese-deficiency in tomato roots.- Phenotypic characterization of tobacco mutant CF15-9, which overexpress the axi1 gene, under phosphate deficient condition.- Characterization and cDNA cloning of the GPI-anchored phosphatase from Spirodela oligorrhiza.- Selection of mineral stress resistant lines in sugarcane through biotechnological methods.- Structure and function of two higher plant sulfate transporters.- 5. Tolerance to nutrient deficiency I: Micronutrients.- Role of rye chromosomes in improvement of zinc efficiency in wheat and triticale.- Root exudation and microflora populations in rhizosphere of crop genotypes differing in tolerance to micronutrient deficiency.- Reevaluation of the genes induced by iron deficiency in barley roots.- Iron stress response in iron-efficient and iron-inefficient groundnut cultivars.- Manganese deficiency and toxicity levels for Japanese mint.- Dissolution of iron from soils by mugineic acid.- Iron stress response in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): morphological changes and levels of H+-ATPase mRNA in root tips.- Zinc efficiency of dwarf Zea mays treated with a gibberellin-biosynthesis inhibitor.- Characteristics of root Fe3+-reduction and root exudate secretion under Fe-deficient conditions in alfalfa.- Seed manganese (Mn) content is more important than Mn fertilisation for wheat growth under Mn deficient conditions.- Efficient Mn uptake in barley is a constitutive system.- Prevention and correction of iron-deficiency chlorosis of groundnut in India.- Tolerance of fababean genotypes to low zinc using carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity as a screening technique.- Evidence that transplanted oilseed rape (Brassica napus) has a higher external zinc requirement than direct sown plants.- Characterization of iron deficiency response system with riboflavin secretion in some dicotyledonous plants.- Purification, characterization and DNA sequencing of nicotianamine aminotransferase (NAAT-III) expressed in Fe-deficient barley roots.- Possible involvement of Ids3 in the hydroxylation of deoxymugineic acid to mugineic acid in Fe-deficient barley roots.- Effect of seed zinc content on grain yield and zinc concentration of wheat grown in zinc-deficient calcareous soils.- Relationship between sulfur metabolism and biosynthesis of phy-tosiderophores in barley roots.- Physical mapping of rye genes determining micronutritional efficiency in wheat.- Genotypic variation for Mn efficiency in durum wheat (Triticum turgidium L. var. durum).- Establishment of a screening system for "Fe(III)-phytosiderophore" transporter protein from Fe-deficient barley roots.- 6. Tolerance to nutrient deficiency II: Phosphorus.- Properties of secretory acid phosphatase from lupin roots under phosphorus-deficient conditions.- Phosphorus deficiency enhances root exudation of low-molecular weight organic acids and utilization of sparingly soluble inorganic phosphates by radish (Raghanus satiuvs L.) and rape (Brassica napus L.) plants.- Comparison of the ability of different crop species to access poorly-available soil phosphorus.- The role of cell wall components from groundnut roots in solubilizing sparingly soluble phosphorus in low fertility soils.- Response of maize (Zea mays L.) to soil stress and to P and K fertilization on strong K-fixing soil.- Kinetic properties and "in situ" visualization of acid phosphatase secretion from cowpea roots under P-deficiency.- Zinc response in clusterbean as influenced by genotypic variability.- Potassium-deficiency stress tolerance and potassium utilization efficiency in wheat genotypes.- Characteristics of aluminum phosphate utilizing cells: Alteration in enzyme activities in carbon metabolism.- The exudation of organic acids by pigeonpea roots for solubilizing iron- and aluminum-bound phosphorus.- Mechanisms for efficient utilization of phosphate by wheat and a new screening method for efficient genotypes.- Adaptive strategies of maize genotypes in low P supply.- Analysis of protein in low-phosphorus-adapted ruzigrass (Brachiaria ruziziensis).- 7. Diagnostic techniques for plants and soils.- Critical values for sulfur in young plants of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) determined with reference to dry weight, leaf area and specific leaf weight.- Responses of secondary metabolism in plants to nutrient deficiency.- Physiological changes during the development of potassium deficiency in cotton.- Potassium quantity-intensity relationships of a hydrosequence of soils from the Cerrado region of Brazil.- Stored nitrate for diagnosing N sufficiency in wheat crops.- Extractants testing for determination of plant available manganese in soil.- Prompt gamma ray analysis of boron in plants and soil.- Soil fertility and productivity evaluation of selected Philippine soils.- Potassium deficiency diagnosis in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.).- Comparison of methods for determination of phosphorus retention.- Extractability of soil phosphorus by different methods and its critical limit for wheat.- Diagnostic technique for nitrogen nutrition of cabbage to increase sugar concentration.- Critical levels of available P in acid soils of Cameroon.- Non-destructive measurement of plant growth and nitrogen status of pearl millet with low-altitude aerial photography.- In situ measurement of soil nutrient supply in lowland rice fields.- Sugarbeet nutritional diagnosis using remote sensing.- 8. Tolerance to mineral toxicity I: Heavy metals and salts.- Accumulation and transport of nickel in relation to organic acids in ryegrass and maize grown with different nickel levels.- Genetic improvement of heavy metal tolerance in plants by transfer of the yeast metallothionein gene (CUP1).- Salt tolerance in two gramineae sp. Panicum maximum and Eleusine coracana: glycinebetaine accumulation and expression of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase mRNA.- Sulphydryl groups in two Brazilian corn cultivars as a function of cadmium in the nutrient solution.- Ion uptake, metabolism and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) at excess iron in the growth medium.- Seasonal variations of amino acids and organic acids in the xylem sap of Quercus ilex L. growing on 405 serpentine and sandy loam soils.- Higher plant metallothionein genes confer Cu resistance to yeast.- Increased susceptibility to photoinhibition in leaves of Japanese elm (Ulmus davidiana var.japonica) with high manganese concentrations.- Characterization of phytochelatin synthase and relationship with Cd-tolerance of plant.- Effect of temperature and zinc supply on early growth of Zn-efficient and Zn-inefficient genotypes of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.).- Effect of irrigation water salinity on the growth of trees for revegetation in the United Arab Emirates.- Effect of salinity on seed germination and seedling growth of the species collected from the saline areas of Iran.- Effect of soil salinity on the growth and nutritional status of crop plants and that of N and P application.- Effects of soil salinity on the growth, nutritional status and salt-removing capacity of fodder beet.- Crop cultivation and the change of salts in saline soil.- 9. Tolerance to mineral toxicity II: Acid soil and Al.- Aluminum distribution and viability of plant root and cultured cells.- Genetic and physiological analysis of doubled-haploid, aluminium-resistant lines of wheat provide evidence for the involvement of a 23 kD, root exudate polypeptide in mediating resistance.- Early events induced by aluminum stress in elongating cells of wheat root.- Excretion and metabolism of malic acid produced by dark carbon fixation in roots in relation to aluminium tolerance of wheat.- Complexing ability of organic acids with aluminium in acidic soils.- Secretion of citric acid as an aluminium-resistant mechanism in Cassia tora L..- An aluminum-tolerant cell line isolated from cultured tobacco cells.- The inheritance of aluminium stress response in rye (Secale cereale L.) inbred lines.- Excretion of citrate as an aluminium-tolerance mechanism in tropical leguminous trees.- Cellular distribution and chemical forms of aluminum in Scapania undulate.- Response of plants adapted in low pH soils to aluminum.- Chemical characterization of two forests on the coastal plains of the Ilha do Mel, Parana, Brazil.- Aluminum distribution and its related mechanisms in roots and other parts of some Japanese tree species.- Selection of aluminium-tolerant variants in Arabidopsis thaliana in solution culture.- Al-binding capacity of plasma membrane of root-tip portion in relation to Al tolerance.- Factors limiting tea pollen tube growth in soil solution from three acid soils.- A new method for assessing pollen tube growth and its application to study alleviation of aluminium stress.- Mechanisms of differential tolerance of crop plants to high aluminium and low phosphorus growth conditions.- 10. Nutrients in rhizosphere and nutrient acquisition.- A new root box for developing whole root systems in water culture.- Studies on nickel and manganese dynamic in the rhizosphere of wheat.- The soil solution composition as a predictor for metal availability to spinach: a comparative study using 137Cs, 85Sr, 109Cd, 65Zn and 152Eu.- Phosphorus acquisition and cycling in crop and pasture systems in low fertility tropical soils.- Modelling and measurement of the effects of K-fertiliser on yield, crop uptake and soil-K.- Fractionation of soil copper and manganese in the rhizosphere of finger millet.- Determination of low molecular weight organic acids in forest soils.- Growth-promoting effect of root exudates of Fe-deficient alfalfa on Rhizobium meliloti.- The Earth Box (TM) - A containerized gradient oriented nutritional paradigm.- Preferential use of organic nitrogen by upland rice compared to maize.- Exploitation potential for nonexchangeable potassium of Lupinus albus L. and Triticum aestivum L..- Changes in phosphorus compounds around the rhizosphere of groundnut and pigeonpea grown in an Andosol with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.- Phosphate distribution and movement in the rhizosphere of wheat.- Distribution of denitrifying and enzyme activities across the rhizosphere of wheat.- 11. Environmental pollution and plant nutrition.- Nitrogen movement and water quality at a poorly-drained agricultural and riparian site in the Pacific Northwest.- Zinc uptake by plants on amended polluted soils.- Dieldrin uptake from a contaminated Haplustox by glasshouse-grown plants.- Accumulation of gallium (Ga) in Azolla.- Nitrogen dynamics in paper-mulched paddy field fertilized with controlled-release coated urea by 15N-method.- Content of Be, Ga, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Tl and Bi in wild plants: screening for accumulating plants.- Prediction and measurement of nutrients leaching from a soil under fodder crops in the Indian semi-arid tropics.- Effects of cadmium on sorghum plants (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) cultivated on soiless culture.- Relationship between soil acidification and nutrient cycling in a forest ecosystem on Volcanogenous Regosols in Hokkaido, northern Japan.- Physiological responses of rice crop to cement dust.- Influence of rainfall on mass loss and potassium dynamics of decomposing forest tree leaf litter.- Background levels of heavy metals in kanagawa prefecture farm soils impacted by volcanic ash from Mt. Fuji.- Emission of N2O from a clayey aquic soil cultivated with onion plants.- Restoring the productivity potential of Mt. Pinatubo-affected soils.- Effect of organic materials and lime application on cadmium uptake by ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in cadmium polluted acid soils.- Salt tolerance in reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) grown on soil perfused with cattle urine.- Chromate sorption by acid and alkaline soils.- Chemical composition of deciduous and coniferous vegetation, mosses and humus as environmental indicator in Slovakia.- N2O and N2 emissions from a soilless culture system as affected by greenhouse climate.- 12. Recycling of nutrients in organic wastes.- Effect of alkaline stabilized sewage sludge solids on chemical speciation and plant availability of Cu and Zn in the rhizosphere soil solution.- Ecological evaluation of long-term application of sewage sludges according to the legislative permissions.- Recycling of municipal and industrial organic wastes in agriculture: benefits, limitations, and means of improvemen.- Residue recycling for restoring soil fertility and productivity in Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis) mustard (Brassica sp.) system.- Alkaline stabilized sewage sludge cake as an organic fertiliser for spring barley.- The effect of barnyard manure of different degradation levels on grass production.- Effect of zeolite addition to chicken manure on nitrogen mineralization in the soil.- Use as a fertilizer of effluent from a bio-gas generator processing animal manure.- Decomposition characteristics of organic manure in soil and influence of manure application on extractable Fe and Zn.- Effect of decomposition of city refuse compost on the behavior of organic compounds in the particle size fractions.- Nutrients recycled from pruned fronds in mature oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.).- Effective of long-term applications of sewage sludge on Zn and Cu retention in sludge-treated soil.- Origin of selective inhibitors of legume-seed germination in sludge composts.- 13. Advances in fertilizer and fertilization strategy.- Use of urease inhibitors to reduce ammonia loss from broadcast urea and increase grain yield of flooded rice in Thailand.- Nitrogen management and biological nitrogen fixation in sorghum/pigeonpea intercropping on Alfisols of the semi-arid tropics.- Effects of organic-acid treatment of phosphate rocks on the phosphorus availability to Italian ryegrass.- Characteristics of P supply from polyolefin-coated P fertilizers in soil.- Effect of Bacillus pumilus PJ 19 and UPMB 001 on the dissolution of gafsa phosphate rock in acid soils.- Uptake and efficiency of split applications of nitrogen fertilizer in winter wheat.- Effect of split nitrogen application on grain nitrogen, grain protein and nitrogen harvest of wheat (T. aestivum L.) genotypes.- Effect of shade and fertilizer application on dry matter yield of medicinal plants.- Properties of a new slow-release nitrogen fertilizer "SUPER-IB".- A new fertilization system for rice cultivars susceptible to lodging.- Improvement of nitrogen fertilizer availability by co-situs placement using polyolefin-coated fertilizers in corn production.- A mechanism and an improved simulation of nitrogen release from resin-coated urea.- Evaluation of dry matter production and nutrient-element accumulation of several summer-growing green manure crops.- Calcium boron interaction studies in tomato grown in a calcareous soil.- Resin-coated urea fertilizer use efficiency in direct seeding culture of paddy rice.- Effects of no-tillage system on silage-corn yields and soil characteristics in Andisol.- Effects of polyolefin-coated fertilizer containing NPK and micro-elements on copper deficiency in barley and wheat in acid high humic Andisol.- Effects of zinc fertilization and irrigation on grain yield and zinc concentration of various cereals grown in zinc-deficient calcareous soils.- Determination of uptake efficiencies and leaching properties of nitrogen fertilizers in tomatoes using lysimeters.- 14. Root structure and function.- Nitrate-uptake capacity of different root zones of Zea mays (L.) in vitro and in situ.- A root-shoot interaction hypothesis for high productivity of field crop.- Gibberellin, cytokinins, nitrate content and rate of water transport in the stem in response to root temperature.- Estimation of mucilage on maize roots with ruthenium red.- Measurement of root length and width using image analysis system.- Grain yield and root activity in upland crops grown continuously or in rotation plots with different depths of topsoil.- The effects of soil compaction on the growth and nutrient status of rice grown under flooded conditions.- Nitrogen fertilizer management in pigeonpea/sorghum intercropping on an Alfisol in the semi-arid tropics.- 15. Dinitrogen fixation.- Changes in concentration of leghemoglobin components in hypernodulation mutants of soybean.- Physiological aspects of nitrogen fixation response to copper nutrition in several grain legume species.- Fine structure of Frankia in root nodules and isolation of Frankia from nodules of actinorhizal plants growing in Japan.- A nodulation type with increased number of nodules and nitrate intolerance in soybean.- Effect of fertilization on soybean yield and quality on poor soil.- Polyamine as a negative regulatory substance in defense responses of soybean against the infection and nitrogen fixation by Bradyrhizobiumjaponicum.- Genomic diversity of Bradyrhizohium strains compatible with soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) harboring various Rj-genes.- Proliferative response of Rhizobium etli strains to the mixture of common bean exudate and the soil extract.- Physiochemical mechanism of nitrate nitrogen stress on root nodulation in common bean and soybean seedlings.- Influence of native root microflora on wheat growth.- Effect of Ca Levels and some fertilizer application formulas on yield and biological nitrogen fixation by peanut in Vietnam.- Assimilation of biological and mineral nitrogen of pea plants in symbiosis with nodule bacteria.- 16. Microorganisms affecting plant nutrition.- The effect of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and phosphorus nutrition of Populus nigra seedlings.- Growth stimulatory substances for vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum Flugge.) roots.- Transport processes at the plant-fungus interface in mycorrhizal associations: physiological studies.- Root colonization and iron nutritional status of a Pseudomonas fluorescens in different plant species.- Phosphorus transfer via vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal link between roots of red clover.- Relationship of crop yield to microbial biomass in highly-weathered soils of China.- Detection of amo gene of chemolithotrophic ammonia-oxidizers in soil by nested PCR.- Effects of strontium treatment on bacterial wilt development and the concentration of strontium in inoculated tomato seedlings.- Effect of fertilization on suppression of common scab of potato.- Role of plant nutrition on alleviating nematode parasitism.- Effects of previous crops on the arbuscular mycorrhizal formation of maize plants under different soil moisture conditions.- Nitrogen transformations to carbon mineralization in soil.- The effect of various plant residues on microbial activity and N mineralization in Kurupelit soil.- Suppressive effect of Geranium pratense L. on potato common scab and identification of the effective compound.- Effects of different plant species on soil microbial biomass carbon in a grassland soil.- Responses of phosphorus uptake and growth of Allium fistulosum L. cultivars to arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization.- A rapid method for determining bacterial biomass on the root surface.- Arbuscular mycorrhizal infection decreases the free amino acid contents in the host plant.- Effects of added organic matter on microbial biomass nitrogen dynamics and plant uptake in paddy soils.- Bases of physiological and biochemical interactions between plants and microorganisms in agrocenoses.- 17. Rice plants: Physiology and production.- Nutritional physiology of the rice plant and productivity decline of irrigated rice systems in the tropics.- Molecular markers linked to genes underlying seedling tolerance for ferrous iron toxicity.- Applications of a simple rice-nitrogen model.- Possibility of copper deficiency and impediment in ripening in rice from application of crop residues in submerged soil.- Rice seedling establishment as affected by soil type and redox potential.- Effects of Indonesian electric furnace slag on rice yield and chemical properties of soils.- The use of an anti-lodging agent for rice fertilized with controlled-release urea.- Photosynthesized carbon distribution in relation to nitrogen and phosphorus status of rice leaves.- Isolation of genomic DNA fragment of rice phloem thioredoxin h.- Increase of PEPC activity in developing rice seeds with nitrogen application at flowering stage.- Sulfur status of rice and lowland soils in West Africa.- Fertilizer management and nitrogen use efficiency for irrigated rice grown on calcareous-alkaline soils.- Behavior of nitrogen in soil and uptake by the rice plant.- 18. Nitrogen and sulfur metabolism.- Comparison of contents for cytosolic-glutamine synthetase and NADH-dependent glutamate synthase proteins in leaves of japonica, indica, and javanica rice plants.- Ammonia exchange between plants and the atmosphere: Effects of ammonium supply to the roots, dark-induced senescence and reduced GS activity.- Effects of exogenous ABA application on sulfate and OAS concentrations, and on composition of seed storage proteins in in vitro cultured soybean immature cotyledons.- Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Sasanishiki, a leading cultivar of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in northern Japan.- The effect of nitrogen nutrition on the resistance of tobacco to light stress.- Nitrogen and sulphur nutrition of oilseed rape and crop quality.- Peanut glutamate dehydrogenase: A target site of herbicide action.- Effects of amides on the expression of NADH and NAD(P)H nitrate reductase genes in barley seedlings.- Depression of ?-subunit accumulation in nitrogen deficient soybean seeds.- Purification and characterization of adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase of radish seedlings.- Effects of seleno-methionine on accumulation of seed storage proteins of soybean.- Seed derived nitrogen in bean plant organs during early growth stages.- Regulation of nitrate reduction by sink activity in soybean (Glycine max L.).- The effects of nitrate on sprouting of grapevine buds and changes in amino acid concentration.- 19. Photosynthesis, respiration and dry matter production.- Cotton responses to nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and temperature interactions.- Growth, grain yield and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to elevated CO2 and phosphorus nutrition.- Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) content and nitrogen allocation in rice leaves under CO2 enrichment: Optimization of Rubisco content by 'antisense' rbcS.- Critical stage of nitrogen requirement for citrus fruit development.- Effects of high CO2 on nodule formation in roots of Japanese mountain alder seedlings grown under two nutrient levels.- Effect of potassium nutrition on translocation of photosynthesized 14C and carbon-nitrogen metabolism in leaves of various crop plants.- How do nutrients drive growth?.- The role of molecular oxygen in the photosynthetic electron transport of higher plants.- No biochemical evidence for separating respiration into growth and maintenance.- Nutritional characteristics of sago palm (Metroxylon sagus).- Effect of brassinolide on growth and parameters of photoautotrophically cultured green tobacco cells.- Aluminum and calcium effects on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in taro.- Factors controlling leaf area development in husk leaf of flint corn (Zea mays L.).- Effect of CO2 enrichment on stem and fruit diameters, and fruit growth in Japanese pear (Pyrus serotina Reheder).- Physiological characteristics of husk leaves and its contribution to grain production in maize (Zea mays L.).- Different mechanisms of carbon-nitrogen interaction in cereal and legume crops.- 20. Crop quality and plant nutrition.- Sulphur nutrition: An important factor for the quality of wheat and rapeseed.- Influence of late nitrogen application on nitrogen translocation and protein fractions of wheat genotypes differing in protein content.- 13CO2 feeding studies on the metabolism of carbohydrates, ascorbate and oxalate in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.).- A strategy for breeding staple-food crops with high micronutrient density.- Response of sugar beet to foliar fertilization with Epsom salt (MgSO4.7H2O).- Effects of sulfate application and shading on myrosinase activity and S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide content in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) roots.- Changes in soybean quality resulting from applications of lime and potassium fertilizer.- Improvement of phosphorus uptake of forage legumes by rock phosphate fertilization and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza inoculation.- Genetic analysis of nitrogen contents in four wheat cultivars and their hybrids.- Sugar beet yield and quality as affected by N fertilization and crop planting density.- Effects of zinc and copper application on timothy (Phleum pratense L.) growth on andisol grasslands in Konsen district.- Effect of nitrogen fertilization and post-maturity rainfall on wheat grain quality.- The role of winter wheat chromosomes 5D and 5A in nitrogen accumulation and grain protein content.- Effect of ammonium-nitrogen supply on oxalic acid content in spinach grown in hydroponics and fields.- A low cost ridge hammering tillage system for high quality production of sweet potato.- Effects of nitrogen application on the yield and quality of F1-hybrid tomato seeds.- Effects of replacing of nitrate with urea or chloride on the growth and nitrate accumulation in pak-choi in the hydroponics.- Organic top dressing to improve yield and quality of paddy rice.- Relationships between the mineralized-N levels in rice field soil and the total N levels in brown rice.- Effect of NH4-N levels and K/Ca ratios in the nutrient solution on incidence of blossom-end rot and gold specks on tomato fruits grown in rockwool.- Ascorbic acid and reducing sugars contained in two kinds of tomato fruits watered by different methods.- Improving ascorbic acid content of tomato fruits by the oxidized yeast extract.- Improvement of pineapple fruit quality by molybdenum.
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