Good reasoning matters! : a constructive approach to critical thinking
著者
書誌事項
Good reasoning matters! : a constructive approach to critical thinking
Oxford University Press, 1997
2nd ed.
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This work seeks to provide an informal logic and critical thinking textbook - designed to teach students a variety of reasoning strategies which can improve their reasoning skills. The second edition is revised and updated, with the emphasis still on on good reasoning, but with a simplified presentation of key concepts and new features to help students and facilitate discussion and review. It is intended for undergraduate courses in critical thinking.
目次
- Reading Between the Lines
- Informative Language
- Reading Between the Lines
- Biases and Vested Interest
- Biased Reasoning
- Slanting by Omission and Distortion
- Two Kinds of Propaganda
- Summary
- Major Exercise 1M
- Looking for an Argument
- Identifying Arguments
- Definitions
- Distinguishing Arguments and Non-Arguments
- Diagraming Argments
- Major Exercise 2M
- Choosing Your Words
- Using Words Precisely
- Vagueness and Ambiguity
- Formulating Definitions
- Expressing Your Intended Meaning
- Looking Ahead
- Major Exercise 3M
- Building Arguments
- Abbreviated Arguments
- Constructing Good Arguments
- Major Exercise 4M
- Evaluating Arguments
- Good Arguments
- Valid and Invalid Arguments
- Forms of Argument
- The Laws of Thought
- Major Exercise 5M
- Classifying Arguments
- Categorical Statements
- Immediate Inferences
- Categorical Syllogisms
- Testing Validity by Diagrams
- Major Exercise 6M
- Testing Syllogistic Arguments
- Schematization
- Distribution
- Rules of Validity
- Applying the Rules
- Procedural Points
- Major Exercise 7M
- Some Ifs, Ands, and Buts
- Simple and Complex Propositions
- Translation in More Detail
- Valid Propositional Arguments
- Constructing Simple Proofs
- Major Exercise 8M
- Dilemma and Reductios
- Conditional Introduction
- Reductio Ad Absurdum Arguments
- Dilemma
- Answering a Dilemma
- De Morgan's Laws
- Major Exercise 9M
- Assessing the Basics
- Ordinary Reasoning and Probability
- Acceptability
- Relevance
- Contextual Relevance
- Sufficiency
- Applying the Criteria
- Major Exercise 10M
- Forms of Reasoning
- Generalization
- Causal Reasoning
- Slippery Slope Arguments
- Arguments from Analogy
- Appeals to Precedent
- Major Exercise 11M
- Further Forms
- Two-Wrongs Reasoning
- Two-Wrongs Reasoning by Analogy
- Pro-Homine and Ad Hominem Reasoning
- Guilt by Association
- Appeals to Ignorance
- Other Cases
- Major Exercise 12M
- Essaying an Argument
- The Good Evaluative Critique
- The Good Argumentative Essay
- A Student's Paper
- Critique
- Revision
- Conclusion
- Major Exercise 13M
- Exercise Answers.
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