The basis of toxicity testing
著者
書誌事項
The basis of toxicity testing
（Pharmacology & toxicology）
CRC Press, c1997
2nd ed
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This substantially updated edition presents fundamental principles and concepts behind the various types of toxicological studies, and explains how to design and conduct studies and interpret results. The text explains the increasing need to monitor, assess, and reevaluate the toxicity database of many agents and evaluates the place of individual studies in the overall toxicological assessment of a chemical. Concise descriptions of the formats of in vivo and in vitro studies and methods used in assessing endpoints of toxicity make this an essential introduction and guide for anyone who needs to understand or conduct toxicological studies.
Reflecting increasing interest in the "Three Rs" (Reducing, Refining, and Replacement of existing animal tests) in recent years, the Second Edition includes much more information on a variety of new alternative testing protocols. Particular attention is given to the new in vitro alternative testing procedures being incorporated into EEC regulations. The text also covers studies required by regulatory agencies around the world.
目次
INTRODUCTION
PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS
Introduction
The Agent Being Tested
The Vehicle
Routes of Administration
Species
Pharmacokinetics/Toxicokinetics
Biotransformation
Diet
Endpoints of Toxicity
Animal Numbers
ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES
Purpose and Objectives
Study Design
Interpretation of Data
Utility of the LD50 Studies
Dermal Toxicity Studies
Ocular Toxicity Studies
Utility of Alternative Studies
Conclusions
SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC STUDIES
Introduction
Experimental Design
Evaluation of Results
Carcinogenicity Studies
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
Introduction
Male Reproductive Toxicity
Female Reproductive Toxicity
Preimplantation Studies
Teratogenicity
Embryo Culture
Harmonization
Screening Tests
MUTAGENESIS - CARCINOGENESIS
Introduction
Mutagenesis
Mutagenicity Testing with Prokaryotic Cell Systems
Mutagenicity Testing with Eukaryotic Cell Systems In Vitro
Mutagenicity Testing with Eukaryotic Cells In Vivo
The Impossibility - A Test for All Mutagens!
Carcinogenicity
Testing Strategies for Limited Bioassays
Long-Term Carcinogenicity Studies
RISK ASSESSMENT
Introduction
Hazard Identification
Dose-Response Assessment
Exposure Assessment
Risk Characterization
Carcinogen Classification
INDEX
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