The transnational activities of small and medium-sized enterprises
著者
書誌事項
The transnational activities of small and medium-sized enterprises
Kluwer Academic Publishers, c1998
- : hbk
大学図書館所蔵 全12件
  青森
  岩手
  宮城
  秋田
  山形
  福島
  茨城
  栃木
  群馬
  埼玉
  千葉
  東京
  神奈川
  新潟
  富山
  石川
  福井
  山梨
  長野
  岐阜
  静岡
  愛知
  三重
  滋賀
  京都
  大阪
  兵庫
  奈良
  和歌山
  鳥取
  島根
  岡山
  広島
  山口
  徳島
  香川
  愛媛
  高知
  福岡
  佐賀
  長崎
  熊本
  大分
  宮崎
  鹿児島
  沖縄
  韓国
  中国
  タイ
  イギリス
  ドイツ
  スイス
  フランス
  ベルギー
  オランダ
  スウェーデン
  ノルウェー
  アメリカ
注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
measure of the rate of innovation --research-and-development (R&D) expenditure per employee compared to new patents received per employee -- does not adequately capture a unique feature of SMEs, namely that owners and managers are often themselves innovators. For example, in Japan 52 per cent of SMEs' innovations reported in 1986 were created by employers, whereas in large firms 72 per cent of innovations were created by research technicians. Nevertheless, patchy evidence from Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States indicates that SMEs at least hold their own in terms of innovation compared to large firms. Perhaps most significantly, a recent study indicates that, while the total number of innovations is positively related to R&D expenditures, skilled labour and the degree to which large firms comprise the industry, in innovative industries innovative activity tends to emanate more from SMEs than large firms. This is probably because in industries where large firms dominate, SMEs need to be innovative to survive. There is much information to suggest that in technologies such as micro-electronics, new materials and biotechnology SMEs tend to be in the vanguard of innovation. Small and medium-sized enterprises as exporters. The contribution of SMEs to a national economy from exporting is generally small; for example, in Japan SMEs accounted for only 13 per cent of merchandise exports in 1990.
目次
Executive Summary. Definition of Small and Medium-Sized Transnational Corporations. The Author's Survey. I. Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Domestic Economies. II. The Transnationalization Theory and Evidence of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. III. Trends and Patterns of Foreign Direct Investment by Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. IV. Salient Features of Small and Medium-Sized Transnational Corporations. V. Impact on Host Developing Countries of Foreign Direct Investment by Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. VI. Problems in the Transnationalization Process of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. VII. Measures to Promote Foreign Direct Investment by Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises. VIII. Policy Suggestions to Promote Foreign Direct Investment by Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Into Developing Countries. Concluding Remarks. References. Annex A: Questionnaire. Annex B: Profile of the Sample. Index. List of Figures. List of Tables.
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