Europe's environment : the second assessment
著者
書誌事項
Europe's environment : the second assessment
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities , Elsevier Science, c1998
- : pbk
- : pbk
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注記
"A report on the changes in the pan-European environment as a follow-up to 'Europe's Environment: the Dobris Assessment'(1995), requested by the environment ministers for the whole of Europe to prepare for the fourth ministerial conference in Aarhus, Denmark, June 1998"
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This highly anticipated report presents the results of the second assessment of the state Europe's environment made by the European Environment Agency. The book contains a vast quantity of data consolidated in graphs, maps and tables, with full colour throughout. The first report Europe's Environment, the Dobris Assessment, published in 1995, was a landmark report which highlighted twelve prominent European environmental problems, including climate change, biodiversity and waste.
For this second report, which was used by the Environment Ministers of Europe at their fourth ministerial conference in Aarhus, Denmark in June 1998, the mandate was to report progress on the main issues identified in the first assessment. The report highlights that the policy measures that have been taken have not yet produced a significant improvement in the state of the environment overall. Many environmental policies have led to 'end-of-pipe' measures which have resulted in some improvement in some areas, but not enough to cope with increasing infrastructure development, production and consumption.
The most obvious progress in reducing pressure on the environment has been made in those areas where an efficient international framework of action has been established. The absence of any such pan-European framework has delayed progress, even for the assessment of these problems. The response to this report will hopefully lead to a broad political debate about the programmes and targets needed to deal with the main issues that are addressed.
For more information about this book visit http://www.eea.dk/The European Environment Agency website.
目次
Chapter headings and selected papers: Economic Developments. Macro-economic development. Production. Climate Change. Indications and impacts of climate change. Contributions to global warming and concentrations of greenhouse gases. Trends in greenhouse gas emissions. Stratospheric Ozone Depletion. The state of the ozone layer. Atmospheric concentrations. Other sources of ozone depletion. The Montreal Protocol and follow-up actions. Acidification. Trends in measured concentrations in air. Deposition of acidifying substances. Driving forces: transport. Tropospheric Ozone. Health and environmental effects. Trends in ozone concentrations versus air quality targets. Emissions of ozone precursors. Chemicals. Trends in production. Heavy metals. Persistent organic pollutants. Impacts of chemicals on human health. Waste. Trends in waste generation. Waste management: changes in approaches. Biodiversity. The changing state of biodiversity in Europe. Driving forces for biodiversity change: agriculture, forestry, transport, infrastructure. Inland Waters. The water resource. Water abstraction and use. The quality of groundwater. The quality of rivers and streams. The water quality of natural and man-made lakes. Trends in emissions. Policies and measures to protect and manage Europe's water resources. Marine and Coastal Environment. Eutrophication. Contamination. Fisheries and fish farming. Changes in coastal zones and coastal zone management. Soil Degradation. Contaminated sites. Soil erosion by water and wind. Desertification. Salinisation. Other forms of soil degradation. The Urban Environment. Environmental quality. Urban flows and impacts. Urban patterns. Technological and Natural Hazards. Effects and trends. Perspectives for further accident prevention. Integrating Environmental Policies and Actions into Economic Sectors. Sectoral impacts. Progress with integration. Index
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