Fluid mechanics for chemical engineers
著者
書誌事項
Fluid mechanics for chemical engineers
（Prentice-Hall international series in the physical and chemical engineering sciences）
Prentice Hall PTR, c1999
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内容説明・目次
内容説明
73989-6 An understanding of fluid mechanics is essential for the chemical engineer because the majority of chemical-processing operations are conducted either partially or totally in the fluid phase. Such knowledge is needed in the biochemical, chemical, energy, fermentation, materials, mining, petroleum, pharmaceuticals, polymer, and waste-processing industries. Written from a chemical engineering perspective, this comprehensive text covers fluid mechanics first from a macroscopic then a microscopic perspective. The first part includes physical properties, hydrostatics, and the three basic rate laws for mass, energy, and momentum, together with flow through pumps, pipes, and a wide variety of chemical engineering equipment. The second part covers: * Differential equations of fluid mechanics. * Viscous-flow problems. * Irrotational and porous-medium flows. * Nearly uni-directional flows, including those in boundary. layers, lubrication, calendering, and thin films * Turbulence and analogies between heat and momentum transport. * Bubble motion, two-phase flow, and fluidization. * Introduction to the concepts of non-Newtonian fluids.
* Use of the Matlab PDE Toolbox for solving some problems in fluid mechanics. Thorough and clearly written, Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics gives the undergraduate and first-year graduate student a comprehensive overview of this essential topic. Bridging the gap between the physicist and the practitioner, the book provides numerous real-world examples and problems of increasing detail and complexity, including several from the University of Cambridge chemical engineering examinations. It also covers all the material necessary to pass the fluid mechanics portion of the Professional Engineer's exam.
目次
Preface.
1. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics.
Fluid Mechanics in Chemical Engineering. General Concepts of a Fluid. Stresses, Pressure, Velocity, and the Basic Laws. Physical Properties-Density, Viscosity, and Surface Tension. Units and Systems of Units. Hydrostatics. Pressure Change Caused By Rotation. Problems for Chapter 1.
2. Mass, Energy, and Momentum Balances.
General Conservation Laws. Mass Balances. Energy Balances. Bernoulli's Equation. Applications of Bernoulli's Equation. Momentum Balances. Problems for Chapter 2.
3. Fluid Friction in Pipes.
Introduction. Laminar Flow. Models for Shear Stress. Piping and Pumping Problems. Flow in Noncircular Ducts. Compressible Gas Flow in Pipelines. Compressible Flow in Nozzles. Complex Piping Systems. Problems for Chapter 3.
4. Flow in Chemical Engineering Equipment.
Introduction. Pumps and Compressors. Drag Forces on Solid Particles in Fluids. Flow Through Packed Beds. Filtration. Fluidization. Dynamics of a Bubble-Cap Distillation Column. Cyclone Separators. Sedimentation. Dimensional Analysis. Problems for Chapter 4.
5. Differential Equations of Fluid Mechanics.
Introduction to Vector Analysis. Vector Operations. Other Coordinate Systems. The Convective Derivative. Differential Mass Balance. Differential Momentum Balance. Newtonian Stress Components in Cartesian Coordinates. Problems for Chapter 5.
6. Solution of Viscous-Flow Problems.
Introduction. Solution of the Equations of Motion in Rectangular Coordinates. Alternative Solution Using a Shell Balance. Poiseuille and Couette Flows in Polymer Processing. Solution of the Equations of Motion in Cylindrical Coordinates. Solution of the Equations of Motion in Spherical Coordinates. Problems for Chapter 6.
7. Laplace's Equation for Irrotational and Porous Medium Flows.
Introduction. Rotational and Irrotational Flows. Steady Two-Dimensional Irrotational Flow. Physical Interpretation of the Stream Function. Examples of Planar Irrotational Flow. Axially Symmetric Irrotational Flow. Uniform Streams and Point Sources. Doublets and Flow Past a Sphere. Single-Phase Flow in a Porous Medium. Two-Phase Flow in Porous Media. Wave Motion in Deep Water. Problems for Chapter 7.
8. Boundary-Layer and Other Nearly Unidirectional Flows.
Introduction. Simplified Treatment of Laminar Flow Past a Flat Plate. Simplification of Equations of Motion. Blasius Solution for Boundary-Layer Flow. Turbulent Boundary Layers. Dimensional Analysis of the Boundary-Layer Problem. Boundary-Layer Separation. The Lubrication Approximation. Polymer Processing by Calendering. Thin Films and Surface Tension. Problems for Chapter 8.
9. Turbulent Flow.
Introduction. Physical Interpretation of the Reynolds Stresses. Mixing Length Theory. Velocity Profiles Based on Mixing Length Theory. The Universal Velocity Profile for Smooth Pipes. Friction Factor in Terms of Reynolds Number for Smooth Pipes. Thickness of the Laminar Sublayer. Dimensional Analysis for Smooth Pipe. Dimensional Analysis for Rough Pipe. Velocity Profile and Friction Factor for Completely Rough Pipe. Blasius-Type Law and the Power Law Velocity Profile. Analogies Between Momentum and Heat Transfer. Turbulent Jets. Problems for Chapter 9.
10. Bubble Motion, Two-Phase Flow, and Fluidization.
Introduction. Rise of Bubbles in Unconfined Liquids. Pressure Drop and Void Fraction in Horizontal Pipes. Two-Phase Flow in Vertical Pipes. Flooding. Introduction to Fluidization. Bubble Mechanics. Bubbles in Aggregatively Fluidized Beds. Problems for Chapter 10.
11. Non-Newtonian Fluids.
Introduction. Classification of Non-Newtonian Fluids. Constitutive Equations for Inelastic Viscous Fluids. Constitutive Equations for Viscoelastic Fluids. Response to Oscillatory Shear. Characterization of the Rheological Properties of Fluids. Problems for Chapter 11.
12. The MATLAB PDE Toolbox for Solving Some Fluid Mechanics Problems.
Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics. Equations Solvable by the PDE Toolbox. Representative Applications of the PDE Toolbox. How to Use the MATLAB PDE Toolbox. Solution of Problems in Cylindrical Coordinates.
Index.
Appendix A: Useful Mathematical Relationships.
Appendix B: Answers to the True/False Assertions.
Index.
The Authors.
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