Fortis and Lenis in Germanic
Author(s)
Bibliographic Information
Fortis and Lenis in Germanic
（American university studies, Series I,
P. Lang, c1983
- pbk.
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Note
Bibliography: p. 171-183
Description and Table of Contents
Description
This study represents a bold reanalysis of the phonemic system of Germanic consonants. The accepted primary voiced-voiceless phonemic contrast is replaced by fortis-lenis, whose origin is projected back into Proto-Germanic. It is proposed to view the Germanic consonant shift as the result of lenition in Gmc. /b d g f X s X/ and of strengthening of articulation in Gmc. /p t k/. Voice and spirantization are characteristic of the lenis members, whereas voicelessness and extraduration are characteristic of fortis. This concept, backed by orthographic, comparative and acoustic phonetic data, supplies not only a simpler and more plausible development into the daughter languages, but also provides a common element in the explanation of the First and Second Sound Shift.
Table of Contents
Contents: A primary fortis-lenis contrast replaces the accepted voiced-voiceless one in Germanic and, backed by acoustic phonetics, is found superior in explaining development from Germanic and relating the First to the Second Sound Shift.
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