Inverse methods in global biogeochemical cycles

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Inverse methods in global biogeochemical cycles

Prasad Kasibhatla ... [et al.]

(Geophysical monograph, 114)

American Geophysical Union, 2000

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Includes bibliographical references

Description and Table of Contents

Description

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 114. Our understanding of biogeochemical cycles is directly related to the research and analyses we bring to them, and to our critical sense of the methods we use. Of primary importance here are the theories behind, and our use of, inverse methods and data assimilation techniques across a multidisciplinary context that includes atmosphere-biosphere and atmosphere-ocean interactions, atmospheric chemistry, physical oceanography, and ocean biogeochemistry. Certainly, researchers in many earth system science disciplines, whether novice or expert, will benefit from the breadth and depth we have brought to the topics discussed in this monograph. At the same time, we have provided readers with a unique opportunity to enhance their research acumen and their understanding of ways and means. Toward this end, this monograph consists of a tutorial section with problem sets for use by readers who wish to test and enhance their knowledge, and a research section that showcases some of the latest scientific results from use of the aforementioned methods in a variety of earth science disciplines.

Table of Contents

Preface Prasad S. Kasibhatla vii Introduction and Overview Martin Heimann and Prasad S. Kasibhatla 1 TUTORIAL SECTION: MATHEMATICAL TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES Measurement Equation for Trace Chemicals in Fluids and Solution of its Inverse Ronald G. Prinn 3 Green's Function Methods of Tracer Inversion I. G. Enting 19 Tangent Linear and Adjoint Biogeochemical Models Raif Giering 33 Estimation Theory and Atmospheric Data Assimilation Ricardo Todling 49 Tracer Assimilation Richard Menard 67 TUTORIAL SECTION: EXERCISES Exercises P. J . Rayner, R. . Giering, T. Kaminski, R. Menard, R. Todling, and C. M. Trudinger 81 TUTORIAL SECTION: APPLICATIONS Applying the Adjoint Method for Biogeochemical Modeling: Export of Particulatve Organic Matter in the World Ocean Reiner Schlitzer 107 Environmental Information Extraction From Satellite Remote Sensing Data Michel M . Verstraete and Bernard Pinty 125 RESEARCH SECTION Nonlinear Kalman Filters for Atmospheric Chemistry Models Arjo Segers, Arnold Heemink, Martin Vedaan, and Maarten van Loon 139 Inverse Modelling of Sulfur Emissions in Europe Based on Trajectories Petra Seibert 147 A Comparison Between Interpolation and Assimilatioans Cartography Methods for the SAGEI I Aerosol Product Ghislain Franssens, Dominique Fonteyn, Martine DeMaziere, and Didier Fussen 155 Paleonutrient Data Analysis of the Glacial Atlantic Using an Adjoint Ocean General Circulation Model A. M. E. Winguth, D. Archer, E. Maier-Reimer, and U. Mikolajewicz 171 Deep Water Formation Rates Inferred from Global Tracer Distributions: An Inverse Model S. Peacock, M. Visbeck, and W. Broecker 185 Comparisons of Simulations of a Marine Ecosystem Model With CZCS Data in the North Indian Ocean M. K. Sharada and K. S. Yajnik 197 Nonlinear Inversions of a Model of the Oceanic Dissolved-Particulate Exchanges Voronique Athias, Pierre Mazzega, and Catherine Jeandel 205 On the Assimilation and Inversion of Small Data Sets Under Chaotic Regimes Pierre Mazzega 223 Synthesis Inversion of Atmospheric CO2 Using the NIRE Chemical Transport Model Shoichi Taguchi 239 Calculating CO2 Fluxes by Data Assimilation Coupled to a Three Dimensional MassBalance Inversion R. J. Dargaville and I. Sirnrnonds 255 A Time-Dependent Assimilation and Source Retrieval Technique for Atmospheric Tracers Lori Bruhwiler, Pieter Tans, and Michel Rarnonet 265 An Inversion Method for Determining Time-dependent Surface CO2 Fluxes David F. Baker 279 Differences of CO2 Flux Estimates Based on a Time-Independent Versus a Time-Dependennt Iversion Method Philippe Peylin, Philippe Bousquet, Philippe Ciais, and Patrick Monfray 295 The CO2 Budget and Rectification Airborne Study: Strategies for Measuring Rectifiers and Regional Fluxes Britton B. Stephens, Steven C. Wofsy, Ralph F. Keeling, Peter P. Tans, and Mark J. Potosnak 311

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