Earth's deep interior : mineral physics and tomography from the atomic to the global scale

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Earth's deep interior : mineral physics and tomography from the atomic to the global scale

Shun-ichiro Karato [et al.], editors

(Geophysical monograph, 117)

American Geophysical Union, c2000

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Includes bibliographical references

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Description

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 117. Earth is a dynamically evolving planet with large-scale flow and chemical differentiation occurring throughout history. These processes include not only mantle convection and related phenomena but also core processes that have an important influence on the generation of the magnetic field. Deep processes in Earth, however, have long been matters for speculation without many observational constraints. Fortunately, during the last 10 years or so this situation has changed dramatically. Enhancements in the capacity of high resolution seismology to probe the fine structures of Earth's deep interior (via seismic tomography, for example) and technical advances in mineral and rock physics, which have provided new and improved data bases for interpreting seismological observations, are essential developments.

Table of Contents

Preface Shun-ichiro Karato, Lars Stixrude, Robert C. Liebermann, Guy Masters, and Alessandro Forte vii Introduction: Probing Earth's Deep Interior Shun-ichiro Karato, Alessandro Forte, Robert C. Liebermann, Guy Masters, and Lars Stixrude 1 Geodynamics Seismic-Geodynamic Constraints on Mantle Flow: Implications for Layered Convection, Mantle Viscosity, and Seismic Anisotropy in the Deep Mantle Alessandro M. Forte 3 Dynamics of the Earth's Core Bruce A. Buffett 37 Seismic Tomography The Relative Behavior of Shear Velocity, Bulk Sound Speed, and Compressional Velocity in the Mantle: Implications for Chemical and Thermal Structure Guy Masters, Gabi Laske, Harold Bolton, and Adam Dziewonski 63 Inner Core Anisotropy and Rotation Kenneth C. Creager 89 Upper Mantle Seismic Discontinuities Peter M. Shearer 115 Seismic Anisotropy in the Boundary Layers of the Mantle J-M. Kendall 133 Seismological Constraints on Attenuation in the Earth: A Review Barbara Romanowicz and Joseph J. Durek 161 Mineral Physics (Anharmonicity, Anelasticity, Anisotropy) Elasticity of Mantle Minerals (Experimental Studies) Robert C. Liebermann 181 Elasticity of Mantle Phases at High Pressure and Temperature Lars Stixrude 201 Phase Transformations: Implications for Mantle Structure Donald J. Weidner and Yanbin Wang 215 The Seismic Anisotropy of the Earth's Mantle: From Single Crystal to Poly crystal D. Mainprice, G. Barruol, and W. Ben Ismail 237 Laboratory Measurement of Seismic Wave Dispersion and Attenuation: Recent Progress Ian Jackson 265

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