CiNii 図書 - Beyond the science wars : the missing discourse about science and society

Beyond the Science Wars offers a broad contextualization of the "Science Wars"—an ongoing debate between scientists and social scientists over the nature and meaning of science—from interdisciplinary sociological, historical, scientific, political, and cultural perspectives. Beyond providing an understanding of the conflict itself, this book presents the comments of two science and technology studies' (STS) "founding fathers" (Bernard Barber and John Ziman), a scientist's protest that STS has abandoned its original mission, a historian's view of the fluctuating social support for science, and a sociologist's analysis of the motives of "anti-antiscience warriors." In addition, an STS statesman discusses ongoing structural changes in science, a sociologist sorts out different views of objectivity, and an STS veteran from the Science Wars brings us tales from the front and evaluates the meaning of recent events. Contributors include Bernard Barber, Henry H. Bauer, Valery Cholakov, Stephan Fuchs, Steve Fuller, Ullica Segerstrale, and John Ziman.

Preface 1. Science and Science Studies: Enemies or Allies? Ullica Segerstråle Contextualizing the "Science Wars" The Constructivist Critique 1994—The Annus Horribilis and After Why the Constructivist Position Bothers Scientists Who has the right to criticize science? A Hidden Issue in the Science Wars The Meaning of Alan Sokal's Hoax Who owns the history of science? The Aftermath of the Sokal Hoax The Science Wars Continue: Closing in on Science Studies Plan of the Book Bringing the Scientist Back In 2. Antiscience in Current Science and Technology Studies Henry H. Bauer Recent Developments Is there really antagonism against science in STS? The Fact of Antiscientific Sentiment Antiscientific Sentiment in Perspective Incomprehension of Science Hypocrisy: Preaching Versus Practice The Purpose of STS How did STS come into being? My Intellectual Dissatisfaction with Current STS Disciplinary Dilemmas Under what circumstances is STS likely to thrive? 3. Some Patterns and Processes in the Development of a Scientific Sociology of Science: Notes from a Sixty-Year Memoir Bernard Barber Writing the History of Social Studies of Science The Application of General Social System Theory The Political and Ideological Response The Influence of Nonsystematic Theories No Theory at All: The Importance of a Striking Empirical Fact The Importance of New Research Methods The Weakness of "The Strong Program" The Cross-Fertilization of Sociological Specialties The Cross-Fertilization of Disciplines The Importance of Values and Ideologies In Brief Conclusion 4. Anti-Antiscience: A Phenomenon in Search of an Explanation Part I. Anatomy of Recent "Antiscience" Allegations Ullica Segerstråle Taking the Science Warriors Seriously The Varieties of "Antiscience" Can scientists be antiscience? The Link between the Science Wars and Recent Nature-Nurture Debates Karl Popper's Adverse Effect on the British Science Budget: A Thesis in 1980s Britain 5. Anti-Antiscience: A Phenomenon in Search of an Explanation Part II. The Conflict about the Social Role of Science Ullica Segerstråle The Struggle about the Cultural Meaning of Science "Antiscience" As a Heuristic Device The Political Meaning of Scientific Objectivity The Missing Reason in the Science Wars 6. Visions of Science in the Twentieth Century Valéry Cholakov Changing Views of Science Science: The Endless Frontier Science: A Direct Productive Force The Science of Science Chemistry: The Land of Opportunity Science: A Dangerous Power The End of Big Science Redefining Science 7. Postacademic Science: Constructing Knowledge with Networks and Norms John Ziman Science As a Cultural Form Academic Science Elements of the Scientific Ethos CUDOS Institutionalized New Modes of Knowledge Production Networking Intellectual Property Problem Solving in Local Contexts Incorporating Interests into Knowledge Who sets the problem? What counts as excellence? From Specialized Knowledge to Expertise Where do the pipers collect their paychecks? Postindustrial Science Postmodern Knowledge Epistemic Features of Mode 2 What Price Objectivity? 8. A Social Theory of Objectivity Stephan Fuchs The Many Meanings of Objectivity Objectivity As Rhetoric Objectivity As Power The Standpoint Paradox Some Empirical Difficulties with the Critical Theory Objectivity and Social Status Some Suggestions for a New Objectivity Objectivity As Medium The Binding Effects of Objectivity Trusting Some Possible Objections Conclusion 9. Science Studies through the Looking Glass: An Intellectual Itinerary Steve Fuller The Science Wars: A Conflict Waiting to Happen The Prehistory of the Science Wars STS's Induction into the "Academic Left" (And My Induction into STS) The Battle of Britain The Sokal Hoax What should have been done? What can be done? Contributors Index

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