Land degradation in Mediterranean environments of the world : nature and extent, causes and solutions
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書誌事項
Land degradation in Mediterranean environments of the world : nature and extent, causes and solutions
Wiley, c1998
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. [459]-482) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Written by specialist and regional contributors, this invaluablebook provides an integrated, up-to-date, geographical assessment ofland degradation in the world's Mediterranean regions.
Land degradation is the alteration of the natural (or biophysical)environment by human actions, causing detrimental effects to thevegetation, soils, landforms, water and ecosystems. Part One ofthis book comprises a brief geography of the Mediterranean climateregions - the Mediterranean basin, California, central Chile, theSouthwest Cape and Southern Australia, providing a context forParts Two and Three. The second section discusses the nature,extent, history, causes and implications of land degradation in theregions. Major problems include soil, vegetation and waterdegradation, fire, drought, flooding and sedimentation. Historicaland contemporary human responses to these problems are alsoconsidered and at times become part of the problem. Solutions -actual and potential - are evaluated in the third section andinclude those dealing with animals, cultivation, horticulture,engineering-type practices, agroforestry, whole farm planning,integrated catchment management and regional planning.
Throughout there is an emphasis on the distinctive nature of theMediterranean-type environments - especially the seasonally, hot,dry climates, the species-rich and highly inflammable vegetation,steep topography and coastal orientations - and the ways in whichthese environments interact with human populations with theircontrasting histories and cultures to result in a special set ofenvironmental problems and response.
目次
THE NATURE OF THE WORLD'S MEDITERRANEAN-TYPE ENVIRONMENTS
Iberian Peninsul and Balearic Islands
The South of France and Corsica
Italy
The Croatian Adriatic Coast
Greece
The Eastern Mediterranean
North Africa
Greater California
Chile
The Southwestern Cape of South Africa
Southern Australia
PROBLEMS OF LAND DEGRADATION
Introduction
The Main Problems of Land Degradation: Their Nature, Extent andSeverity: 1. Erosion and Soil Deterioration, Flooding, VegetationLoss and Degradation
The Main Problems of Land Degradation: Their Nature, Extent andSeverity: 2. Drought, Water Shortages, and Water Quality, and otherForms of Degradation
The Historical Development of Land Degradation in the MediterraneanWorld
The Causes of Land Degradation 1. The Nature of the BiophysicalEnvironment
The Causes of Land Degradation 2. Vegetation Clearing andAgricultural Practices
The Causes of Land Degradation 3. Other Human Actions
Some Broader Implications of Land Degradation
SOLUTIONS TO LAND DEGRADATION
Introduction
Solutions dealing with Animals, Cultivation and HorticulturalPractices
Technical Solutions
Vegetation-Related Solutions
Economic, Social, Agency and Policy Solutions. 1. The MediterraneanBasin
Economic, Social, Agency and Policy Solutions 2. The NewWorld
Summary and Conclusions
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