Core questions in philosophy : a text with readings
著者
書誌事項
Core questions in philosophy : a text with readings
Prentice Hall, c2001
3rd ed
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
"Pearson education"--p. 4 of cover
内容説明・目次
内容説明
For introductory philosophy courses.
Presented in an engaging lecture-style format, this combined textbook-anthology leads students through a series of discussions on the basic issues and ideas in philosophy, with lectures supported by related readings from historically important sources. The discussions emphasize the logic of philosophical arguments; and, in particular, how they relate to the content of modern physical and social sciences. While the author's lecture approach lends this book a natural flow and sense of immediacy, it comprises a fully integrated textbook with all of the traditional organizational and pedagogical features, including chapter summaries, marginal notes, boxed inserts, discussion questions, problems, test questions, a glossary, and bibliography.
目次
(NOTE: Each section concludes with Suggestions for Further Reading.)I. INTRODUCTION.
Lectures.
1. What Is Philosophy?
2. Deductive Arguments.
3. Inductive and Abductive Arguments.
II. PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION.
Lectures.
4. Aquinas' First Four Ways.
5. The Design Argument.
6. Evolution and Creationism.
7. Can Science Explain Everything?
8. The Ontological Argument.
9. Is the Existence of God Testable?
10. Pascal and Irrationality.
11. The Argument from Evil.
Readings.
Five Ways to Prove That God Exists, Saint Thomas Aquinas.
The Design Argument, William Paley.
Critique of the Design Argument, David Hume.
The Ontological Argument, Saint Anselm and Gaunilo.
The Will to Believe, William James.
The Meaninglessness of Religious Discourse, Alfred Jules Ayer.
Defending Atheism, Ernest Nagel.
III. THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE.
Lectures.
12. What Is Knowledge?
13. Descartes' Foundationalism.
14. The Reliability Theory of Knowledge.
15. Justified Belief and Hume's Problem of Induction.
16. Can Hume's Skepticism Be Refuted?
17. Beyond Foundationalism.
Readings.
Knowledge Is Something More than True Belief, Plato.
Meditations on First Philosophy, Rene Descartes.
Induction Cannot Be Rationally Justified, David Hume.
IV. PHILOSOPHY OF MIND.
Lectures.
18. Dualism and the Mind/Body Problem.
19. Logical Behaviorism.
20. Methodological Behaviorism.
21. The Mind/Brain Identity Theory.
22. Functionalism.
23. Freedom, Determinism, and Causality.
24. A Menu of Positions on Free Will.
25. Compatibilism.
26. Psychological Egoism.
Readings.
Other Minds Are Known by Analogy from One's Own Case, Bertrand Russell.
Mental Processes Are Physical, J.J.C. Smart.
Computing Machinery and Intelligence, A.M. Turing.
Of Liberty and Necessity, David Hume.
Has the Self "Free Will?" C.A. Campbell,
Determinism Rules out Freedom, B.F. Skinner.
V. ETHICS.
Lectures.
27. Ethics-Normative and Meta.
28. The Is/Ought Gap and the Naturalistic Fallacy.
29. Observation and Explanation in Ethics.
30. Conventionalist Theories.
31. Utilitarianism.
32. Kant's Moral Theory.
33. Aristotle on the Good Life.
Readings.
Critique of the Divine Command Theory, Plato.
Existentialism, Jean-Paul Sartre.
Defense of Utilitarianism, John Stuart Mill.
Ethics Founded on Reason, Immanuel Kant.
Morality and Human Nature, Aristotle.
Suggestions for Further Reading.
Glossary.
Index.
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