Understanding data communications : from fundamentals to networking

書誌事項

Understanding data communications : from fundamentals to networking

Gilbert Held

John Wiley & Sons, c2000

3rd ed

大学図書館所蔵 件 / 6

この図書・雑誌をさがす

注記

Includes index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Now in its third edition, Understanding Data Comunications, provides a comprehensive introduction to the field of data communications for both students and professionals. Assuming no prior knowledge of the field, it presents an overview of the role of communications, their importance, and the fundamental concepts of using the ISO's 7-layer approach to present the various aspects of networking. * Covers the evolving high speed network access via digital subscriber line, cable modems and wireless communication. * Examines the role of regulatory and standardization bodies, the operation of the Internet and the use of a variety of electronic applications. * Includes a series of comprehensive questions covering the important concepts from each section. * Describes the digital network used by communications carriers and the methods used to obtain access to the digital highway. * Discusses frequency division multiplexing which forms the foundation for the operation of several types of high speed digital subscriber line. Aimed at the senior level undergraduate and graduate computer science student, it is also essential reading for data processing professionals and those involved in computer science and data communications.

目次

Preface xix Acknowledgements xxi 1 Communications in a Modern Society 1 1.1 Applications 1 1.1.1 Data collection 2 1.1.2 Transaction processing 3 1.1.3 Conversational time sharing 5 1.1.4 Remote job entry 7 1.1.5 Message switching 7 1.1.6 Value-added carriers and electronic mail 8 1.1.7 office automation 12 1.1.8 Electronic commerce 14 1.1.9 Satellite transmission 16 1.2 Constraints 16 1.2.1 Throughput 17 1.2.2 Response time 18 1.2.3 Bandwidth 18 1.2.4 Economics 19 1.3 Emerging Trends 19 1.4 Review Questions 20 2 Basic Telegraph and Telephone Operations 23 2.1 Evolution of Communications 23 2.2 Telegraphy 24 2.2.1 Operation 24 2.2.2 Morse code 26 2.2.3 Morse code limitations 27 2.2.4 Start-stop signaling and the Baudot code 28 2.2.5 Bits and codes 29 2.3 Telephony 32 2.3.1 Principle of operation 32 2.3.2 Sound wave conversion 34 2.3.3 The basic telephone connection 36 2.3.4 Switchboards and central offices 37 2.3.5 Numbering plans 39 2.3.6 Geographic calling areas and network routing 40 2.3.7The world numbering plan 43 2.4 Review Questions 43 3 Basic Circuit Parameters, Measurement Units and Media Overview 47 3.1 Basic Circuit Parameters 47 3.1.1 Frequency and bandwidth 47 3.1.2 The telephone channel passband 49 3.2 Measurement Units 50 3.2.1 Power ratios 50 3.2.2 Signal-to-noise ratio 52 3.2.3 Reference points 54 3.3 Media Overview 56 3.3.1 Twisted-pair cable 56 3.3.2 Coaxial cable 61 3.3.3 Microwave 63 3.3.4 Fiber-optic transmission 64 3.4 Channel Capacity 67 3.4.1 Bit versus baud 67 3.4.2 Nyquist relationship 67 3.4.3 Shannon's law 68 3.5 Structured Wiring 69 3.5.1 The wiring closet 69 3.5.2 The EIA/TIA-568 standard 69 3.6 Review Questions 72 4 Fundamental Data Transmission Concepts 75 4.1 Analog Line Connections 75 4.1.1 The analog switched line 76 4.1.2 Analog leased line 79 4.1.3 Dedicated line 82 4.1.4 Switched network vs leased line economics 83 4.2 Types of Service and Transmission Devices 84 4.2.1 Digital repeaters 85 4.2.2 Modems 86 4.2.3 Acoustic couplers 87 4.2.4 Analog facilities 89 4.2.5 Digital facilities 93 4.2.6 Digital signaling 93 4.2.7Representative AT&T digital offerings 96 4.3 Transmission Mode 98 4.3.1 Simplex transmission 98 4.3.2 Half-duplex transmission 99 4.3.3 Full-duplex transmission 100 4.3.4 Terminal and mainframe computer operating modes 101 4.4 Transmission Techniques 103 4.4.1 Asynchronous transmission 103 4.4.2 Synchronous transmission 105 4.5 Types of Transmission 106 4.6 Wide Area Network Transmission Structures 107 4.6.1 Mainframe computer-based network structure 108 4.6.2 LAN network structure 109 4.6.3 LAN internetworking structure 110 4.7Line Discipline 111 4.8 Transmission Rate 113 4.8.1 Analog service 113 4.8.2 Digital service 114 4.9 Transmission Codes 115 4.9.1 Morse code 115 4.9.2 Baudot code 116 4.9.3 BCD code 116 4.9.4 Extended binary-coded decimal interchange code (EBCDIC) 116 4.9.5 ASCII code 118 4.10 Review Questions 122 5 Terminals, Workstations and WAN and LAN Networking Overview 125 5.1 Terminals 126 5.1.1 Interactive terminal classi (R)cation 126 5.1.2 Terminal evolution 127 5.2 Workstations and Other LAN Components 141 5.2.1 Network interface card 141 5.2.2 Hubs 142 5.2.3 File server 143 5.2.4 Print server 145 5.2.5 Other types of servers 146 5.3 Wide Area Networking Overview 146 5.3.1 Multiplexing and data concentration 146 5.3.2 Front-end processor 151 5.3.3 Network configurations 151 5.4 Local Area Networking Overview 152 5.4.1 Repeaters 153 5.4.2 Bridges 153 5.4.3 Routers 154 5.4.4 Gateways 155 5.5 Review Questions 157 6 Representative Standards Organizations: the OSI Reference Model 159 6.1 National Standards Organizations 160 6.1.1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 160 6.1.2 Electronic Industries Association (EIA) 161 6.1.3 Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) 163 6.1.4 Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 163 6.1.5 British Standards Institution (BSI) 164 6.1.6 Canadian Standards Association (CSA) 164 6.2 International Standards Organizations 164 6.2.1 International Telecommunications Union (ITU) 164 6.2.2 International Standards Organization (ISO) 165 6.3 De facto Standards 167 6.3.1 AT&T compatibility 168 6.3.2 Cross-licensed technology 169 6.3.3 Bellcore/Telcordia Technology 169 6.3.4 Internet standards 170 6.4 The OSI Reference Model 171 6.4.1 Layered architecture 172 6.4.2 OSI layers 173 6.4.3 Data flow 176 6.5 IEEE 802 Standards 177 6.5.1 802 committees 177 6.5.2 Data link subdivision 179 6.6 Review Questions 180 7 The Physical Layer, Cables, Connectors, Plugs and Jacks 183 7.1 DTE/DCE Interfaces 184 7.1.1 Connector overview 186 7.1.2 RS-232-C/D 188 7.1.3 Differential signaling 198 7.1.4 RS- 449 200 7.1.5 V. 35 202 7.1.6 RS-366-A 203 7.1.7 X.21 and X. 20 204 7.1.8 X.21 bis 207 7.1.9 RS- 530 207 7.1.10 High Speed Serial Interface 298 7.1.11 High Performance Parallel Interface 214 7.1.12 Universal Serial Bus 216 7.1.13 IEEE 1394 (FireWire) 218 7.2 Cables and Connectors 222 7.2.1 Twisted-pair cable 222 7.2.2 Low-capacitance shielded cable 223 7.2.3 Ribbon cable 223 7.2.4 The RS-232 null modem 223 7.2.5 RS-232 cabling tricks 225 7.3 Plugs and Jacks 226 7.3.1 Connecting arrangements 228 7.3.2 Telephone options 230 7.3.3 Ordering the business line 231 7.3.4 LAN connectivity 232 7.4 Review Questions 233 8 Basic Transmission Devices: Line Drivers, Modems, and Service Units 235 8.1 Line Drivers 236 8.1.1 Direct connection 236 8.1.2 Using line drivers 239 8.2 Modem Operations 243 8.2.1 The modulation process 243 8.2.2 Bps vs. baud 246 8.2.3 Voice circuit parameters 246 8.2.4 Combined modulation techniques 247 8.2.5 Mode of transmission 253 8.2.6 Transmission techniques 254 8.2.7 Modem classiffication 255 8.2.8 Limited-distance modems 256 8.2.9 Line-type operations 257 8.2.10 Reverse and secondary channels 257 8.2.11 Equalization 258 8.2.12 Synchronization 260 8.2.13 Multiport capability 260 8.2.14 Security capability 261 8.2.15 Multiple speed selection capability 261 8.2.16 Voice/data capability 262 8.2.17Modem handshaking 262 8.2.18 Self-testing features 263 8.2.19 Modem indicators 265 8.2.20 Modern operations and compatibility 265 8.3 Intelligent Modems 289 8.3.1 Hayes command set modems 289 8.3.2 Key intelligent modem features 296 8.3.3 Microcom Networking Protocol (MNP) 302 8.3.4 Data compression 306 8.3.5 MNP Class 5 compression 306 8.3.6 MNP Class 7enhanced data compression 308 8.3.7V.42bis 311 8.4 Broadband Modems 312 8.4.1 Telephone and cable TV infrastructure 313 8.4.2 Cable modems 317 8.4.3 DSL modems 324 8.5 Service Units 330 8.5.1 The DSU 331 8.5.2 The CSU 331 8.6 Review Questions 332 9 Regulators and Carriers 335 9.1 Regulators 336 9.1.1 US regulatory evolution 336 9.1.2 International regulatory authorities 342 9.2 Carrier Offerings 343 9.2.1 AT&T system evolution 343 9.2.2 The Bell system 345 9.2.3 The regional Bell operating companies 346 9.2.4 AT&T service offerings 349 9.2.5 Regional Bell operating company offerings 355 9.3 ATM Overview 356 9.4 Review Questions 357 10 Transmission Errors: Causes, Measurements and Correction Methods 359 10.1 Causes of Transmission Errors 359 10.2 Performance Measurements 360 10.2.1 Bit error rate 360 10.2.2 Bit error rate tester 360 10.2.3 BERT time 362 10.2.4 Performance classiffications 362 10.2.5 Block error rate testing 364 10.2.6 Error-free second testing 365 10.3 Error Detection and Correction Techniques 365 10.3.1 Asynchronous transmission 365 10.3.2 Synchronous transmission 370 10.4 Review Questions 374 11 The WAN Data Link Layer 377 11.1 Terminal and Data Link Protocols: Characteristics and Functions 378 11.1.1 Transmission sequence 379 11.1.2 Error control 379 11.2 Types of Protocol 380 11.2.1 Teletypewriter protocols 380 11.2.2 PC file transfer protocols 385 11.2.3 Bisynchronous protocols 395 11.2.4. Digital Data Communications Message Protocol (DDCMP) 400 11.2.5 Bit-oriented line control procedures 402 11.3 Review Questions 407 12 Increasing WAN Line Utilization 409 12.1 Multiplexers 410 12.1.1 Evolution 410 12.1.2 Device support 410 12.1.3 Multiplexing techniques 411 12.2 Control Units 439 12.2.1 Control unit concept 440 12.2.2 Attachment methods 440 12.2.3 Unit operation 442 12.2.4 Breaking the closed system 443 12.3 Review Questions 445 13 Local Area Networks 449 13.1 Origin 449 13.2 Comparison with WANs 450 13.2.1 Geographical area 450 13.2.2 Data transmission and error rates 450 13.2.3 Ownership 451 13.2.4 Regulation 451 13.2.5 Data routing and topology 451 13.2.6 Type of information carried 452 13.3 Utilization Benefits 452 13.3.1 Peripheral sharing 453 13.3.2 Common software access 453 13.3.3 Electronic mail 453 13.3.4 Gateway access to mainframes 453 13.3.5 Internet access 453 13.3.6 Virtual private network operations 454 13.4 Technological Characteristics 454 13.4.1 Topology 454 13.4.2 Comparison of topologies 456 13.4.3 Signaling methods 457 13.4.4 Transmission medium 460 13.4.5 Access methods 460 13.5 Ethernet Networks 465 13.5.1 Original network components 465 13.5.2 IEEE 802.3 networks 468 13.5.3 Frame composition 490 13.5.4 Media access control overview 495 13.5.5 Logical link control overview 495 13.5.6 Other Ethernet frame types 498 13.6 Token-Ring 504 13.6.1 Topology 504 13.6.2 Redundant versus non-redundant main ring paths 506 13.6.3 Cabling and device restrictions 507 13.6.4 Constraints 510 13.6.5 High speed Token-Ring 514 13.6.6 Transmission formats 515 13.6.7Medium access control 524 13.6.8 Logical link control 527 13.7Review Questions 528 14 Basic LAN Internetworking 531 14.1 Bridge Operations 531 14.1.1 Types of bridge 531 14.1.2 Network utilization 544 14.2 The Switching Hub 546 14.2.1 Basic components 546 14.2.2 Delay times 547 14.2.3 Key advantages of use 549 14.2.4 Switching techniques 549 14.2.5 Port address support 553 14.2.6 Switching architecture 556 14.2.7High-speed port operations 557 14.2.8 Summary 558 14.3 Router Operations 558 14.3.1 Basic operation and use of routing tables 559 14.3.2 Networking capability 560 14.3.3 Communication, transport and routing protocols 561 14.3.4 Router classiffications 563 14.3.5 Routing protocols 566 14.4 Review Questions 575 15 Digital Transmission Systems and Equipment 577 15.1 The T and E Carriers 578 15.1.1 Channel banks 578 15.2 T1 Multiplexers 596 15.2.1 Waveform-based voice digitization modules 597 15.2.2 Vocoding 598 15.2.3 Hybrid coding 601 15.2.4 T1 multiplexer employment 602 15.3 The T3 Carrier 605 15.3.1 T3 circuit types 606 15.3.2 Evolution 606 15.3.3 T3 framing 609 15.4 DDS, ASDS and KiloStream facilities 615 15.4.1 Applications 616 15.4.2 ASDS 616 15.4.3 KiloStream service 617 15.5 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) 619 15.5.1 Concept behind ISDN 619 15.5.2 ISDN architecture 620 15.5.3 Network characteristics 621 15.5.4 ISDN layers 625 15.6 Review Questions 628 16 Network Architecture 631 16.1 SNA Overview 632 16.1.1 SNA elements 634 16.1.2 System Service Control Point (SSCP) 634 16.1.3 Network nodes 634 16.1.4 The physical unit 635 16.1.5 The logical unit 635 16.1.6 SNA network structure 635 16.1.7Types of physical unit 637 16.1.8 Multiple domains 637 16.1.9 SNA layers 639 16.1.10 SNA developments 641 16.1.11 SNA sessions 641 16.2 Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN) 644 16.2.1 APPC concepts 644 16.2.2 APPN architecture 645 16.2.3 Operation 646 16.3 TCP/IP 649 16.3.1 The rise of the Internet 650 16.3.2 The TCP/IP protocol suite 651 16.3.3 Applications 653 16.3.4 TCP/IP communications 663 16.3.5 The Internet Protocol (IP) 664 16.3.6 Domain Name Service 679 16.4 Internetworking 681 16.4.1 SNA gateway operations 682 16.4.2 Supporting multiple protocols 690 16.4.3 Data Link Switching 693 16.5 Review Questions 694 17 Packet Networks 697 17.1 Packet Switching Overview 698 17.2 X.25 Networks 700 17.2.1 Development period 700 17.2.2 Need for PADs 700 17.2.3 X.25 layers 705 17.2.4 Methods of connection 708 17.2.5 Utilization costs 709 17.2.6 Tymnet 711 17.2.7 Network information 713 17.2.8 Features 713 17.2.9 Protocol conversion 715 17.2.10 LAN interconnectivity 716 17.3 Frame Relay 717 17.3.1 Comparison to X. 25 717 17.3.2 Standards 719 17.3.3 Network access 720 17.3.4 Frame construction 721 17.3.5 Service parameters 729 17.3.6 FRAD features 734 17.3.7 Voice over Frame Relay 740 17.4 Review Questions 745 18 Communications Software 749 18.1 Terminal Emulation Software Features 749 18.1.1 Hardware utilization 752 18.1.2 Software utilization 753 18.1.3 Operational consideration 754 18.1.4 Documentation 757 18.1.5 Dialing 757 18.1.6 Transmission 762 18.1.7Performance efficiency 766 18.1.8 Performance flexibility 770 18.1.9 Security performance 772 18.2 Terminal Emulation Program Examination 774 18.2.1 Procomm Plus for Windows 775 18.2.2 HyperTerminal 777 18.2.3 IBM PC/ 3270 780 18.3 Web Browsers 783 18.3.1 Microsoft Internet Explorer 784 18.3.2 LAN operation 788 18.4 Review Questions 789 19 Fiber-Optic, Satellite and Wireless Terrestrial Communications 791 19.1 Fiber-Optic Transmission Systems 792 19.1.1 System components 792 19.1.2 Transmission advantages 799 19.1.3 Limitations of use 801 19.1.4 Utilization economics 802 19.1.5 Carrier utilization 805 19.1.6 SONET 806 19.2 Satellite Communications Systems 810 19.2.1 Operation overview 810 19.2.2 Satellite access 810 19.2.3 Very small aperture terminal (VSAT) 812 19.2.4 Low earth orbit satellites 812 19.3 Wireless Terrestrial Communications 814 19.3.1 Cellular communications 814 19.3.2 Wireless LANs 820 19.4 Review Questions 821 20 Evolving Technologies 823 20.1 ATM 823 20.1.1 Cell size 823 20.1.2 Scalability 824 20.1.3 Transparency 825 20.1.4 Traffic classiffication 825 20.2 The ATM Protocol Stack 825 20.2.1 ATM Adaptation Layer 825 20.2.2 The ATM Layer 826 20.2.3 Physical Layer 827 20.3 ATM Operation 827 20.3.1 Components 827 20.3.2 Network Interfaces 829 20.3.3 The ATM cell header 830 20.3.4 ATM connections and cell switching 833 20.4 Virtual Private Networking 835 20.4.1 Rationale for use 836 20.4.2 Reliability 837 20.4.3 Problem areas 837 20.5 Review Questions 838 Index 841

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詳細情報

  • NII書誌ID(NCID)
    BA51540494
  • ISBN
    • 0471627453
  • 出版国コード
    uk
  • タイトル言語コード
    eng
  • 本文言語コード
    eng
  • 出版地
    Chichester, England ; New York
  • ページ数/冊数
    xvi, 852 p.
  • 大きさ
    26 cm
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