Qualitative research methods for the social sciences
著者
書誌事項
Qualitative research methods for the social sciences
Allyn and Bacon, c2001
4th ed
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注記
Includes bibliographies and indexes
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This book offers the most comprehensive and straightforward coverage of doing qualitative research on the market, now with a new chapter on Action Research.
The author's central purpose remains a desire to instruct inexperienced researchers in ways of effectively collecting, organizing, and making sense of qualitative data, while stressing the importance of ethics in research and in taking the time to properly design and think through any research endeavor. After reading this book, fledgling researchers should be able to design, collect, and analyze data and then present their results to the scientific community.
目次
Most chapters conclude with "Trying It Out," "Notes," and "References."
Preface.
1.Introduction.
Quantitative versus Qualitative Schools of Thought.
Use of Triangulation Research Methodology.
Qualitative Strategies: Defining an Orientation.
From a Symbolic Interactionist Perspective.
Why Use Qualitative Methods?
A Plan of Presentation.
2.Designing Qualitative Research.
Theory and Concepts.
Ideas and Theory.
Literature Review.
Framing Research Problems.
Operationalization and Conceptualization.
Designing Projects.
Data Collection and Organization.
Data Storage, Retrieval, and Analysis.
Dissemination.
3.Ethical Issues.
Research Ethics in Historical Perspective.
From Guidelines to Law: Regulations on the Research Process.
Institutional Review Boards (IRBs).
Ethical Codes.
Some Common Ethical Concerns in Behavioral Research.
Physical and Ethical Dangers in Covert Research.
Informed Consent and Implied Consent.
Confidentiality and Anonymity.
Securing the Data.
Objectivity and Careful Research Design.
4.A Dramaturgical Look at Interviewing.
Dramaturgy and Interviewing.
Types of Interviews.
The Interview Schedule.
Schedule Development.
Communicating Effectively.
A Few Common Problems in Question Formulation.
Pretesting the Schedule.
Long versus Short Interviews.
Telephone Interviews.
Conducting an Interview: A Natural or an Unnatural Communication?
The Dramaturgical Interview.
The Interviewer's Repertoire.
Know Your Audience.
Analyzing Data Obtained from the Dramaturgical Interview.
5.Focus Group Interviewing.
What Are Focus Group Interviews?
The Evolution of Focus Group Interviews.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Focus Group Interviewing.
Facilitating Focus Group Dynamics: How Focus Groups Work.
The Moderator's Guide.
Basic Ingredients in Focus Groups.
Confidentiality and Focus Group Interviews.
Recent Trends in Focus Groups.
6.Ethnographic Field Strategies.
Accessing a Field Setting: Getting In.
Reflectivity and Ethnography.
Becoming Invisible.
Other Dangers during Ethnographic Research.
Watching, Listening, and Learning.
Other Analysis Strategies: Typologies, Sociograms, and Metaphors.
Disengaging: Getting Out.
7.Action Research.
The Basics of Action Research.
Identifying the Research Question(s).
Gathering the Information to Answer Question(s).
Analyzing and Interpreting the Information.
Sharing the Results with the Participants.
The Action Researcher's Role.
Types of Action Research.
8.Unobtrusive Measures in Research.
Archival Strategies.
Physical Erosion and Accretion: Human Traces as Data Sources.
9.Historiography and Oral Traditions.
What Is Historical Research?
Life Histories and Historiography.
What Are the Sources of Data of Historical Researchers?
Doing Historiography: Tracing Written History as Data.
What Are Oral Histories?
10.Case Studies.
The Nature of Case Studies.
The Individual Case Study.
Intrinsic, Instrumental, and Collective Case Studies.
Case Study Design Types.
The Scientific Benefit of Case Studies.
Case Studies of Organizations.
Case Studies of Communities.
11.An Introduction to Content Analysis.
Analysis of Qualitative Data.
Content Analysis as a Technique.
Content Analysis: Quantitative or Qualitative?
Communication Components.
What to Count: Levels and Units of Analysis.
Category Development: Building Grounded Theory.
Open Coding.
Coding Frames.
Strengths and Weaknesses of the Content Analysis Process.
Computers and Qualitative Analysis.
Qualitative Research at the Speed of Light.
12.Writing Research Papers: Sorting the Noodles from the Soup.
Identifying the Purpose of the Writing: Arranging the Noodles.
Delineating a Supportive Structure: Visual Signals for the Reader.
Presenting Research Material.
A Word about the Content of Papers and Articles.
Write It, Rewrite It, Then Write It Again!
A Final Note.
Name Index.
Subject Index.
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