The disability rights movement : from charity to confrontation
著者
書誌事項
The disability rights movement : from charity to confrontation
Temple University Press, 2001
- : cloth
- : pbk
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
- 巻冊次
-
: cloth ISBN 9781566398114
内容説明
Based on interviews with almost a hundred activists, this book provides a detailed history of the struggle for disability rights in the United States. It is a complex story of shifts in consciousness and shifts in policy, of changing focuses on particular disabilities such as blindness, deafness, polio, quadriplegia, psychiatric and developmental disabilities, chronic conditions (for example, cancer and heart disease), and AIDS, and of activism and policymaking across disabilities. Referring to the Americans with Disabilities Act as \u0022every American's insurance policy,\u0022 the authors recount the genesis of this civil rights approach to disability, from the almost forgotten disability activism of the 1930s to the independent living movement of the 1970s to the call for disability pride of the 1990s. Like other civil rights struggles, the disability rights movement took place in the streets and in the courts as activists fought for change in the schools, the workplace, and in the legal system. They continue to fight for effective access to the necessities of everyday life -- to telephones, buses, planes, public buildings, restaurants, and toilets.
The history of disability rights mirrors the history of the country. Both World Wars sparked changes in disability policy and changes in medical technology as veterans without without limbs and with other disabilities return home. The empowerment of people with disabilities has become another chapter in the struggles over identity politics that began in the 1960s. Today, with the expanding ability of people with disabilities to enter the workforce, and a growing elderly population increasingly significant at a time when HMOs are trying to contain healthcare expenditures.
目次
Contents Personal Notes Preface Acknowledgments Chronology Abbreviations and Acronyms 1. "Wheelchair Bound" and "The Poster Child" 2. Seeing By Touch, Hearing By Sign 3. Deinstitutionalization and Independent Living 4. Groundbreaking Disability Rights Legislation: Section 504 5. The Struggle for Change: In the Streets and in the Courts 6. The Americans with Disabilities Act 7. Access to Jobs and Health Care 8. "Not Dead Yet" and Physician-Assisted Suicide 9. Disability and Technology 10. Disabled Veterans Claim Their Rights 11. Educated: Integration in the Least Restrictive Environment 12. Identity and Culture Notes Index
- 巻冊次
-
: pbk ISBN 9781566398121
内容説明
Based on interviews with almost a hundred activists, this book provides a detailed history of the struggle for disability rights in the United States. It is a complex story of shifts in consciousness and shifts in policy, of changing focuses on particular disabilities such as blindness, deafness, polio, quadriplegia, psychiatric and developmental disabilities, chronic conditions (for example, cancer and heart disease), AIDS, and of activism and policymaking across disabilities. Referring to the Americans with Disabilities Act as 'every American's insurance policy', the authors recount the genesis of this civil rights approach to disability, from the almost forgotten disability activism of the 1930s, to the independent living movement of the 1970s, to the call for disability pride of the 1990s.Like other civil rights struggles, the disability rights movement took place in the streets and in the courts as activists fought for change in the schools, the workplace, and in the legal system. They continue to fight for effective access to the necessities of everyday life to telephones, buses, planes, public buildings, restaurants, and toilets.
The history of disability rights mirrors the history of the country. Each World War sparked changes in disability policy and changes in medical technology as veterans without limbs and with other disabilities returned home. The empowerment of people with disabilities has become another chapter in the struggles over identity politics that began in the 1960s. Today, with the expanding ability of people with disabilities to enter the workforce and a growing elderly population, issues like longterm care are becoming increasingly significant at a time when HMOs are trying to contain health care expenditures.Author note: Doris Zames Fleischer has been a member of the Humanities and Social Sciences Department at New Jersey Institute of Technology since 1988. Frieda Zames, Associate Professor of Mathematics Emeritus at New Jersey Institute of Technology, has been a disability rights activist for over twenty-five years. Both sisters live in New York City.
目次
Personal Notes Preface Acknowledgments Chronology Abbreviations and Acronyms 1. "Wheelchair Bound" and "The Poster Child" FDR, the "Cured Cripple" League of the Physically Handicapped The March of Dimes Parent-Initiated Childhood Disability Organizations * The Poster Child and the Telethon * Changing Views of Disability in the United States 2. Seeing by Touch, Hearing by Sign Blindness and Deafness: A Comparison * Sign Language and Oralism * Braille and Talking Books * Sheltered Workshops * The Lighthouse * Mobility for Blind People: Guide Dogs and White Canes * Jacobus tenBroek and the National Federation of the Blind * NYC Subway Gates: A Controversy in the Blind Community * NFB: Trailblazer for Sections 504 and 501 * NFB and ACB: Different Approaches to Blindness * Deafness as Culture * American Sign Language * The Gallaudet University Uprising * Black Deaf Advocates * Education of Deaf Children * Helen Keller, the Social Reformer 3. Deinstitutionalization and Independent Living Deinstitutionalization * Early Accessibility Efforts in the Colleges * Ed Roberts and the Independent Living Movement * Proliferation of the Independent Living Concept * Characteristics of Independent Living Centers * Independent Living as an Extension of Rehabilitation * Evaluation of the Independent Living Movement * Independent Living and the New Disability Activism 4. Groundbreaking Disability Rights Legislation: Section 504 The Cherry Lawsuit for the Section 504 Regulations * Section 504 as a Spur to Political Organizing * ACCD, Propelling Section 504 * The Section 504 Demonstrations * The Transbus Controversy * Accessible Transit and New York City * Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) * California Accessible Buses * Mainstreaming Public Transit * The Civil Rights Significance of Accessible Transportation 5. The Struggle for Change: In the Streets and in the Courts Disabled In Action * New York Lawyers for the Public Interest * Recognizing Disability as a Civil Rights Issue * Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund * The Need for Disability Rights Attorneys * ADAPT * Justice For All 6. The Americans with Disabilities Act 88 Enacting the ADA * The ADA and Section 504 * Title I: Employment * Title III: Public Accommodation * Title II: Public Services (State and Local Government) * Title II: Public Transportation * Title IV: National Telephone Relay Service * Title V: Miscellaneous * The Supreme Court and the ADA * The Myth of "The Disability Lobby" * Backlash * Every Americans Insurance Policy Log 7. Access to Jobs and Health Care Employment Discrimination * Affirmative Action * Disability Employment in Corporate America * Employment of People with Developmental Disabilities * Employment of People with Psychiatric Disabilities * The Criminalization of People with Psychiatric Disabilities * Different Approaches to Psychiatric Disabilities * Mangled Care * A Two-Tier Health Care System * People with Special Needs in Managed Care * An Arbitrary Patchwork * Falling through the Cracks: Children with Special Health Needs * Long-Term Care in the Community * Health Policy Reforms * The Nexus between Jobs and Health Care 8. "Not Dead Yet" and Physician-Assisted Suicide Opposition to "the Death Train" * The Supreme Court * AIDS Activists * Pain Management * Focus on Cure: A Pernicious Message * The Eugenics Movement and Euthanasia * The Politics of Physician-Assisted Suicide * Netherlands "Slippery Slope" vs. U.S. "Political Strategy" * First-Year Report on Physician-Assisted Suicide in Oregon * Legalizing Disability Discrimination * Dangers of an Inflexible Law * "A Better Solution" * The Distinction between Severe Disability and Terminal Illness 9. Disability and Technology Universal Design * Accessible Taxis * Teletypewriters and Relay Systems * A Clash of Cultures * The One-Step Campaign * Wheelchair Ingenuity * Accessible Classrooms and Laboratories * The Computer as an Accommodation * Psychopharmacology * Bioethical Dilemmas * The Internet and a Miracle Baby * Medical and Genetic Information * "Slash, Burn, and Poison" * Transforming Scientific Orthodoxy: AIDS Activism * Toward a New Vision: Three Queries 10. Disabled Veterans Claim Their Rights Legislation and Self-Advocacy * Rehabilitation: The Man, Not the Wound * Paralyzed Veterans of America * Automobiles: Opening "New Vistas" * The Pattern of Denial * Atomic and Chemical Guinea Pigs * Holding a Nation Accountable 11. Education: Integration in the Least Restrictive Environment A "Quiet Revolution" * Enforcing the IDEA: Early Efforts * Least Restrictive Environment * An Appropriate Identity * The IDEA in the Courts * The Special Education Controversy * Somnolent Samantha * A Microcosm of the Real World 12. Identity and Culture Three Strands of the Movement * Disability Pride: Celebrating Difference * Changing Perceptions and the Media * Assessment of the Movement * A Stealth Movement Notes Index
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