Fertility and social interaction : an economic perspective
著者
書誌事項
Fertility and social interaction : an economic perspective
Oxford University Press, 2001
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. [187]-205) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Considerable controversy exists among demographers, economists, and sociologists over the causes of fertility change in developing and developed countries. The neoclassical economic approach to fertility is embraced by its supporters because it facilitates the application of sophisticated consumer and household production theory to one of the most private and intimate questions: a couple's reproductive behavior. Despite the theoretical appeal of the economic
approach, it has been eschewed by many critics because of its lack of social and institutional context, its neglect of cultural factors, and its requirement of 'rationality'. The integration of social interaction with economic fertility models in this book emerges as a powerful tool to overcome many of these
criticisms. First, the analysis provides a formal integration of economic, sociological, and other approaches to fertility, and shows that there is a useful and promising agenda at the intersection of these schools. The second and more important goal is to sharpen the analytic lens with which theorists from different schools investigate fertility. For economists the work shows the advantages of moving beyond individual decision-making and embedding fertility decisions in a 'local environment'
with interpersonal information flows, 'atmospheric' or social externalities, norms, and customs. For sociologists the work shows that theorizing about interactions within social networks can be more sophisticated. The implications of social networks depend substantially on the specific contexts and
stages of the demographic transition, and these differences can be used to empirically distinguish between social learning and social influence. Thirdly, the findings have important implications for population policy. The analyses in this book indicate when family planning is likely to diffuse and lead to rapid adoption of birth control, and they derive conditions where Pareto-improving policy measures are likely to exist.
目次
- 1. Fertility Behaviour and Demographic Change: Economic and Other Perspectives
- 2. Learning in Social Networks and Contraceptive Change
- 3. The Density of Social Networks and Fertility Decisions: Evidence from S. Nyanza District, Kenya
- 4. From Individual Behaviour to Aggregate Fertility Dynamics
- 5. Fertility Decline as a Coordination Problem
- 6. Social Interactions and Fluctuations in Birth Rates
- 7. Summary and Conclusions
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