CiNii Books - Gender across languages : the linguistic representation of women and men

This is the first of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and its follow-up volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material. Languages of Volume 1: Arabic, Belizean Creole, Eastern Maroon Creole, English (American, New Zealand, Australian), Hebrew, Indonesian, Romanian, Russian, Turkish.

1. Languages of Volume II and III
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Arabic. Shifting sands: Language and gender in Moroccan Arabic (by Hachimi, Atiqa)
7. Belizean Creole. Gender, creole, and the role of women in language change (by Escure, Genevieve)
8. Eastern Maroon Creole. Communicating gender in the Eastern Maroon Creole of Suriname (by Migge, Bettina)
9. English. Gender in a global language (by Hellinger, Marlis)
10. English. A corpus-based view of gender in New Zealand (by Holmes, Janet)
11. English. Spreading the feminist word: The case of the new courtesy title Ms in Australian English (by Pauwels, Anne)
12. English. A corpus-based view of gender in British and American English (by Romaine, Suzanne)
13. Hebrew. Gender switch in Modern Hebrew (by Tobin, Yishai)
14. Indonesian. Gender in Javanese Indonesian (by Kuntjara, Esther)
15. Romanian. Deconstructing gender - The case of Romanian (by Maurice, Florence)
16. Russian. Doing gender in Russian: Structure and perspective (by Doleschal, Ursula)
17. Turkish. The communication of gender in Turkish (by Braun, Friederike)
18. Notes on contributors
19. Name index
20. Subject index

This is the first of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and its follow-up volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material. Languages of Volume 1: Arabic, Belizean Creole, Eastern Maroon Creole, English (American, New Zealand, Australian), Hebrew, Indonesian, Romanian, Russian, Turkish.

1. Languages of Volume II and III
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Arabic. Shifting sands: Language and gender in Moroccan Arabic (by Hachimi, Atiqa)
7. Belizean Creole. Gender, creole, and the role of women in language change (by Escure, Genevieve)
8. Eastern Maroon Creole. Communicating gender in the Eastern Maroon Creole of Suriname (by Migge, Bettina)
9. English. Gender in a global language (by Hellinger, Marlis)
10. English. A corpus-based view of gender in New Zealand (by Holmes, Janet)
11. English. Spreading the feminist word: The case of the new courtesy title Ms in Australian English (by Pauwels, Anne)
12. English. A corpus-based view of gender in British and American English (by Romaine, Suzanne)
13. Hebrew. Gender switch in Modern Hebrew (by Tobin, Yishai)
14. Indonesian. Gender in Javanese Indonesian (by Kuntjara, Esther)
15. Romanian. Deconstructing gender - The case of Romanian (by Maurice, Florence)
16. Russian. Doing gender in Russian: Structure and perspective (by Doleschal, Ursula)
17. Turkish. The communication of gender in Turkish (by Braun, Friederike)
18. Notes on contributors
19. Name index
20. Subject index

This is the second of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and the previous two volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material.Languages of Volume 2: Chinese, Dutch, Finnish, Hindi, Icelandic, Italian, Norwegian, Spanish, Vietnamese, Welsh.

1. Languages of Volume I and III
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Chinese. Editors' note
7. Chinese. In Chinese, men and women are equal - or - women and men are equal? (by Ettner, Charles)
8. Chinese. Gender-related use of sentence-final particles in Cantonese (by Chan, Marjorie K.M.)
9. Chinese. Reality and representation: Social control and gender relations in Mandarin Chinese proverbs (by Zhang, Hong)
10. Dutch. Towards a more gender-fair usage in Netherlands Dutch (by Gerritsen, Marinel)
11. Finnish. The communication of gender in Finnish (by Engelberg, Mila)
12. Hindi. "Unnatural" gender in Hindi (by Hall, Kira)
13. Icelandic. Masculine generics in current Icelandic (by Gronberg, Anna Gunnarsdotter)
14. Italian. Gender and female visibility in Italian (by Marcato, Gianna)
15. Norwegian. The representation of gender in Norwegian (by Bull, Tove)
16. Spanish. Gender in Spanish: Tradition and innovation (by Nissen, Uwe Kjaer)
17. Vietnamese. Gender in addressing and self-reference in Vietnamese: Variation and change (by Pham, Hoa)
18. Welsh. The politics of language and gender in Wales (by Awbery, Gwenllian M.)
19. Notes on contributors
20. Name index
21. Subject index

This is the second of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and the previous two volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material.Languages of Volume 2: Chinese, Dutch, Finnish, Hindi, Icelandic, Italian, Norwegian, Spanish, Vietnamese, Welsh.

1. Languages of Volume I and III
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Chinese. Editors' note
7. Chinese. In Chinese, men and women are equal - or - women and men are equal? (by Ettner, Charles)
8. Chinese. Gender-related use of sentence-final particles in Cantonese (by Chan, Marjorie K.M.)
9. Chinese. Reality and representation: Social control and gender relations in Mandarin Chinese proverbs (by Zhang, Hong)
10. Dutch. Towards a more gender-fair usage in Netherlands Dutch (by Gerritsen, Marinel)
11. Finnish. The communication of gender in Finnish (by Engelberg, Mila)
12. Hindi. "Unnatural" gender in Hindi (by Hall, Kira)
13. Icelandic. Masculine generics in current Icelandic (by Gronberg, Anna Gunnarsdotter)
14. Italian. Gender and female visibility in Italian (by Marcato, Gianna)
15. Norwegian. The representation of gender in Norwegian (by Bull, Tove)
16. Spanish. Gender in Spanish: Tradition and innovation (by Nissen, Uwe Kjaer)
17. Vietnamese. Gender in addressing and self-reference in Vietnamese: Variation and change (by Pham, Hoa)
18. Welsh. The politics of language and gender in Wales (by Awbery, Gwenllian M.)
19. Notes on contributors
20. Name index
21. Subject index

This is the third of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and the previous two volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material. Languages of Volume 3: Czech, Danish, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Oriya, Polish, Serbian, Swahili and Swedish.

1. Languages of Volume I and II
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Czech. Communicating gender in Czech (by Cmejrkova, Svetla)
7. Danish. Equal before the law - unequal in language (by Gomard, Kirsten)
8. French. Gender in French: Structural properties, incongruences and asymmetries (by Schafroth, Elmar)
9. French. Gender and language politics in France (by Burr, Elisabeth)
10. German. Engendering female visibility in German (by Bussmann, Hadumod)
11. Greek. Women, gender and Modern Greek (by Pavlidou, Theodossia-Soula)
12. Japanese. Gendered structures in Japanese (by Shibamoto Smith, Janet S.)
13. Japanese. Women's language as a group identity marker in Japanese (by Ide, Sachiko)
14. Oriya. Linguistic and socio-cultural implications of gendered structures in Oriya (by Sahoo, Kalyanamalini)
15. Polish. Language and gender in Polish (by Koniuszaniec, Gabriela)
16. Serbian. The expression of gender in Serbian (by Hentschel, Elke)
17. Swahili. Perceptions of gender in Swahili language and society (by Beck, Rose Marie)
18. Swedish. Linguistic and public attitudes towards gender in Swedish (by Hornscheidt, Lann)
19. Notes on contributors
20. Name index
21. Subject index

This is the first of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and its follow-up volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material. Languages of Volume 1: Arabic, Belizean Creole, Eastern Maroon Creole, English (American, New Zealand, Australian), Hebrew, Indonesian, Romanian, Russian, Turkish.

1. Languages of Volume II and III
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Arabic. Shifting sands: Language and gender in Moroccan Arabic (by Hachimi, Atiqa)
7. Belizean Creole. Gender, creole, and the role of women in language change (by Escure, Genevieve)
8. Eastern Maroon Creole. Communicating gender in the Eastern Maroon Creole of Suriname (by Migge, Bettina)
9. English. Gender in a global language (by Hellinger, Marlis)
10. English. A corpus-based view of gender in New Zealand (by Holmes, Janet)
11. English. Spreading the feminist word: The case of the new courtesy title Ms in Australian English (by Pauwels, Anne)
12. English. A corpus-based view of gender in British and American English (by Romaine, Suzanne)
13. Hebrew. Gender switch in Modern Hebrew (by Tobin, Yishai)
14. Indonesian. Gender in Javanese Indonesian (by Kuntjara, Esther)
15. Romanian. Deconstructing gender - The case of Romanian (by Maurice, Florence)
16. Russian. Doing gender in Russian: Structure and perspective (by Doleschal, Ursula)
17. Turkish. The communication of gender in Turkish (by Braun, Friederike)
18. Notes on contributors
19. Name index
20. Subject index

This is the first of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and its follow-up volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material. Languages of Volume 1: Arabic, Belizean Creole, Eastern Maroon Creole, English (American, New Zealand, Australian), Hebrew, Indonesian, Romanian, Russian, Turkish.

1. Languages of Volume II and III
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Arabic. Shifting sands: Language and gender in Moroccan Arabic (by Hachimi, Atiqa)
7. Belizean Creole. Gender, creole, and the role of women in language change (by Escure, Genevieve)
8. Eastern Maroon Creole. Communicating gender in the Eastern Maroon Creole of Suriname (by Migge, Bettina)
9. English. Gender in a global language (by Hellinger, Marlis)
10. English. A corpus-based view of gender in New Zealand (by Holmes, Janet)
11. English. Spreading the feminist word: The case of the new courtesy title Ms in Australian English (by Pauwels, Anne)
12. English. A corpus-based view of gender in British and American English (by Romaine, Suzanne)
13. Hebrew. Gender switch in Modern Hebrew (by Tobin, Yishai)
14. Indonesian. Gender in Javanese Indonesian (by Kuntjara, Esther)
15. Romanian. Deconstructing gender - The case of Romanian (by Maurice, Florence)
16. Russian. Doing gender in Russian: Structure and perspective (by Doleschal, Ursula)
17. Turkish. The communication of gender in Turkish (by Braun, Friederike)
18. Notes on contributors
19. Name index
20. Subject index

This is the second of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and the previous two volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material.Languages of Volume 2: Chinese, Dutch, Finnish, Hindi, Icelandic, Italian, Norwegian, Spanish, Vietnamese, Welsh.

1. Languages of Volume I and III
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Chinese. Editors' note
7. Chinese. In Chinese, men and women are equal - or - women and men are equal? (by Ettner, Charles)
8. Chinese. Gender-related use of sentence-final particles in Cantonese (by Chan, Marjorie K.M.)
9. Chinese. Reality and representation: Social control and gender relations in Mandarin Chinese proverbs (by Zhang, Hong)
10. Dutch. Towards a more gender-fair usage in Netherlands Dutch (by Gerritsen, Marinel)
11. Finnish. The communication of gender in Finnish (by Engelberg, Mila)
12. Hindi. "Unnatural" gender in Hindi (by Hall, Kira)
13. Icelandic. Masculine generics in current Icelandic (by Gronberg, Anna Gunnarsdotter)
14. Italian. Gender and female visibility in Italian (by Marcato, Gianna)
15. Norwegian. The representation of gender in Norwegian (by Bull, Tove)
16. Spanish. Gender in Spanish: Tradition and innovation (by Nissen, Uwe Kjaer)
17. Vietnamese. Gender in addressing and self-reference in Vietnamese: Variation and change (by Pham, Hoa)
18. Welsh. The politics of language and gender in Wales (by Awbery, Gwenllian M.)
19. Notes on contributors
20. Name index
21. Subject index

This is the second of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and the previous two volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material.Languages of Volume 2: Chinese, Dutch, Finnish, Hindi, Icelandic, Italian, Norwegian, Spanish, Vietnamese, Welsh.

1. Languages of Volume I and III
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Chinese. Editors' note
7. Chinese. In Chinese, men and women are equal - or - women and men are equal? (by Ettner, Charles)
8. Chinese. Gender-related use of sentence-final particles in Cantonese (by Chan, Marjorie K.M.)
9. Chinese. Reality and representation: Social control and gender relations in Mandarin Chinese proverbs (by Zhang, Hong)
10. Dutch. Towards a more gender-fair usage in Netherlands Dutch (by Gerritsen, Marinel)
11. Finnish. The communication of gender in Finnish (by Engelberg, Mila)
12. Hindi. "Unnatural" gender in Hindi (by Hall, Kira)
13. Icelandic. Masculine generics in current Icelandic (by Gronberg, Anna Gunnarsdotter)
14. Italian. Gender and female visibility in Italian (by Marcato, Gianna)
15. Norwegian. The representation of gender in Norwegian (by Bull, Tove)
16. Spanish. Gender in Spanish: Tradition and innovation (by Nissen, Uwe Kjaer)
17. Vietnamese. Gender in addressing and self-reference in Vietnamese: Variation and change (by Pham, Hoa)
18. Welsh. The politics of language and gender in Wales (by Awbery, Gwenllian M.)
19. Notes on contributors
20. Name index
21. Subject index

This is the third of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and the previous two volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material. Languages of Volume 3: Czech, Danish, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Oriya, Polish, Serbian, Swahili and Swedish.

1. Languages of Volume I and II
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Czech. Communicating gender in Czech (by Cmejrkova, Svetla)
7. Danish. Equal before the law - unequal in language (by Gomard, Kirsten)
8. French. Gender in French: Structural properties, incongruences and asymmetries (by Schafroth, Elmar)
9. French. Gender and language politics in France (by Burr, Elisabeth)
10. German. Engendering female visibility in German (by Bussmann, Hadumod)
11. Greek. Women, gender and Modern Greek (by Pavlidou, Theodossia-Soula)
12. Japanese. Gendered structures in Japanese (by Shibamoto Smith, Janet S.)
13. Japanese. Women's language as a group identity marker in Japanese (by Ide, Sachiko)
14. Oriya. Linguistic and socio-cultural implications of gendered structures in Oriya (by Sahoo, Kalyanamalini)
15. Polish. Language and gender in Polish (by Koniuszaniec, Gabriela)
16. Serbian. The expression of gender in Serbian (by Hentschel, Elke)
17. Swahili. Perceptions of gender in Swahili language and society (by Beck, Rose Marie)
18. Swedish. Linguistic and public attitudes towards gender in Swedish (by Hornscheidt, Lann)
19. Notes on contributors
20. Name index
21. Subject index

This is the third of a three-volume comprehensive reference work on "Gender across Languages", which provides systematic descriptions of various categories of gender (grammatical, lexical, referential, social) in 30 languages of diverse genetic, typological and socio-cultural backgrounds. Among the issues discussed for each language are the following: What are the structural properties of the language that have an impact on the relations between language and gender? What are the consequences for areas such as agreement, pronominalisation and word-formation? How is specification of and abstraction from (referential) gender achieved in a language? Is empirical evidence available for the assumption that masculine/male expressions are interpreted as generics? Can tendencies of variation and change be observed, and have alternatives been proposed for a more equal linguistic treatment of women and men? This volume (and the previous two volumes) will provide the much-needed basis for explicitly comparative analyses of gender across languages. All chapters are original contributions and follow a common general outline developed by the editors. The book contains rich bibliographical and indexical material. Languages of Volume 3: Czech, Danish, French, German, Greek, Japanese, Oriya, Polish, Serbian, Swahili and Swedish.

1. Languages of Volume I and II
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgments
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
6. Czech. Communicating gender in Czech (by Cmejrkova, Svetla)
7. Danish. Equal before the law - unequal in language (by Gomard, Kirsten)
8. French. Gender in French: Structural properties, incongruences and asymmetries (by Schafroth, Elmar)
9. French. Gender and language politics in France (by Burr, Elisabeth)
10. German. Engendering female visibility in German (by Bussmann, Hadumod)
11. Greek. Women, gender and Modern Greek (by Pavlidou, Theodossia-Soula)
12. Japanese. Gendered structures in Japanese (by Shibamoto Smith, Janet S.)
13. Japanese. Women's language as a group identity marker in Japanese (by Ide, Sachiko)
14. Oriya. Linguistic and socio-cultural implications of gendered structures in Oriya (by Sahoo, Kalyanamalini)
15. Polish. Language and gender in Polish (by Koniuszaniec, Gabriela)
16. Serbian. The expression of gender in Serbian (by Hentschel, Elke)
17. Swahili. Perceptions of gender in Swahili language and society (by Beck, Rose Marie)
18. Swedish. Linguistic and public attitudes towards gender in Swedish (by Hornscheidt, Lann)
19. Notes on contributors
20. Name index
21. Subject index

This is the fourth volume of a comprehensive reference work which provides systematic descriptions of the manifestations of gender in languages of diverse areal, typological and socio-cultural affiliations. To the 30 languages already analysed in previous volumes, Vol. 4 adds another 12 languages whose gendered structures have received little or no academic attention in the past. Again, the collection includes a broad spectrum of languages: It contains languages with and without grammatical gender, a language with noun classification and a classifier language; larger national languages as well as smaller languages with minority status; and, of course, members of diverse language families, i.e. Indo-European as well as Finno-Ugrian, Iroquois, Tai-Kadai and Niger-Congo. The volume illustrates the tremendous variation found in the area of gender representation across languages. At the same time, it will provide the much-needed material required for an explicitly comparative approach to linguistic manifestations of gender.

1. Languages of volume I, II and III
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgements
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages
6. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
7. Gender across languages
8. Some new perspectives on gendered language structures (by Motschenbacher, Heiko)
9. Croatian
10. Structural gender trouble in Croatian (by Motschenbacher, Heiko)
11. ESPERANTO
12. Gender in a planned language: Esperanto (by Fiedler, Sabine)
13. Estonian
14. The representation of gender in Estonian (by Hasselblatt, Cornelius)
15. Ga
16. Probing the manifestations of gender in Ga (by Lomotey, Benedicta Adokarley)
17. GERMAN
18. Gender in Swiss German (by Christen, Helen)
19. Hungarian
20. Gender trouble in a grammatically genderless language: Hungarian (by Vasvari, Louise O.)
21. Igbo
22. The linguistic representation and communication of gender in Igbo (by Arua, Arua E.)
23. Kurdish
24. Gender in Kurdish: Structural and socio-cultural dimensions (by Haig, Geoffrey L.J.)
25. Oneida
26. Gender in Oneida (by Michelson, Karin)
27. Portuguese
28. Gender in Portuguese (by Endruschat, Annette)
29. Slovenian
30. Gender in Slovenian (by Doleschal, Ursula)
31. Thai
32. The linguistic representation of gender in Thai (by Attaviriyanupap, Korakoch)
33. Notes on contributors
34. Subject index

This is the fourth volume of a comprehensive reference work which provides systematic descriptions of the manifestations of gender in languages of diverse areal, typological and socio-cultural affiliations. To the 30 languages already analysed in previous volumes, Vol. 4 adds another 12 languages whose gendered structures have received little or no academic attention in the past. Again, the collection includes a broad spectrum of languages: It contains languages with and without grammatical gender, a language with noun classification and a classifier language; larger national languages as well as smaller languages with minority status; and, of course, members of diverse language families, i.e. Indo-European as well as Finno-Ugrian, Iroquois, Tai-Kadai and Niger-Congo. The volume illustrates the tremendous variation found in the area of gender representation across languages. At the same time, it will provide the much-needed material required for an explicitly comparative approach to linguistic manifestations of gender.

1. Languages of volume I, II and III
2. Preface
3. Acknowledgements
4. List of abbreviations
5. Gender across languages
6. Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men (by Hellinger, Marlis)
7. Gender across languages
8. Some new perspectives on gendered language structures (by Motschenbacher, Heiko)
9. Croatian
10. Structural gender trouble in Croatian (by Motschenbacher, Heiko)
11. ESPERANTO
12. Gender in a planned language: Esperanto (by Fiedler, Sabine)
13. Estonian
14. The representation of gender in Estonian (by Hasselblatt, Cornelius)
15. Ga
16. Probing the manifestations of gender in Ga (by Lomotey, Benedicta Adokarley)
17. GERMAN
18. Gender in Swiss German (by Christen, Helen)
19. Hungarian
20. Gender trouble in a grammatically genderless language: Hungarian (by Vasvari, Louise O.)
21. Igbo
22. The linguistic representation and communication of gender in Igbo (by Arua, Arua E.)
23. Kurdish
24. Gender in Kurdish: Structural and socio-cultural dimensions (by Haig, Geoffrey L.J.)
25. Oneida
26. Gender in Oneida (by Michelson, Karin)
27. Portuguese
28. Gender in Portuguese (by Endruschat, Annette)
29. Slovenian
30. Gender in Slovenian (by Doleschal, Ursula)
31. Thai
32. The linguistic representation of gender in Thai (by Attaviriyanupap, Korakoch)
33. Notes on contributors
34. Subject index

Gender across languages : the linguistic representation of women and men

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