Chemistry for changing times
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Bibliographic Information
Chemistry for changing times
Prentice Hall, c2001
9th ed. / John W. Hill, Doris K. Kolb
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Includes bibliographical references and index
Description and Table of Contents
Description
For a 1-2 term Chemistry and Society course for non-science majors.
Visually appealing, understandable, and interesting to read, Chemistry for Changing Times is the leading text that defines the liberal arts chemistry course. Its goal is to create informed, scientifically literate consumers and decision-makers. In presenting basic chemical concepts with abundant everyday applications, the authors personalize chemistry for today's students-focusing them on evaluating information about real-life issues instead of memorizing rigorous theory and mathematics.
Table of Contents
- (NOTE: Each chapter concludes with Summary, Key Terms, Review Questions, Problems, Additional Problems, Projects, Online Projects, and References and Readings.) 1. Chemistry: A Science for All Seasons. Science and Technology: The Roots of Knowledge. The Baconian Dream and the Carsonian Nightmare. Science: Testable, Reproducible, Explanatory, Predictive, and Tentative. The Limitations of Science. Science and Technology: Risks and Benefits. Chemistry: Its Central Role. Solving Society's Problems: Scientific Research. Chemistry: A Study of Matter and Its Changes. Classification of Matter. The Measurement of Matter. Density. Energy: A Matter of Moving Matter. Critical Thinking. 2. Atoms: Are They for Real? Atoms: The Greek Idea. Lavoisier: The Law of Conversation of Mass. Proust: The Law of Definite Proportions. John Dalton and the Atomic Theory of Matter. Out of Chaos: The Periodic Table. Atoms: Real and Relevant. Leucippus Revisited: Molecules. 3. Atomic Structure: Images of the Invisible. Electricity and the Atom. Serendipity in Science: X-Rays and Radioactivity. Three Types of Radioactivity. Rutherford's Experiment: The Nuclear Model of the Atom. The Structure of the Nucleus. Electron Arrangement: The Bohr Model. The Quantum Mechanical Atom. Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table. Which Model to Choose? 4. Nuclear Chemistry: The Heart of Matter. Natural Radioactivity: Nuclear Equations. Half-Life. Radioisotopic Dating. Artificial Transmutation. Induced Radioactivity. Uses of Radioisotopes. Nuclear Medicine. Radiation and Us. Energy from the Nucleus. The Building of the Bomb. Radioactive Fallout. Nuclear Winter. Nuclear Power Plants. Thermonuclear Reactions. The Nuclear Age. 5. Chemical Bonds: The Ties That Bind. The Art of Deduction: Stable Electron Configurations. Electron-Dot Structures. Sodium Reacts with Chlorine: The Facts. Sodium Reacts with Chlorine: The Theory. Using Electron-Dot Symbols: More Ionic Compounds. Formulas and Names of Binary Ionic Compounds. Covalent Bonds: Shared Electron Pairs. Unequal Sharing: Polar Covalent Bonds. Polyatomic Molecules: Water, Ammonia, and Methane. Polyatomic Ions. Rules for Writing Electron-Dot Formulas. Exceptions to the Octet Rule. Molecular Shapes: The VSEPR Theory. Shapes and Properties: Polar and Nonpolar Molecules. Intermolecular Forces and the States of Matter. 6. Chemical Accounting: Mass and Volume Relationships. Chemical Sentences: Equations. Volume Relationships in Chemical Equations. Avogadro's Number: 6.02 x 1023. The Mole: "A Dozen Eggs and a Mole of Sugar, Please." Mole and Mass Relationships in Chemical Equations. The Gas Laws. Solutions. 7. Acids and Bases: Please Pass the Protons. Acids and Bases: Experimental Definitions. Acids, Bases, and Salts. Acidic and Basic Anhydrides. Strong and Weak Acids and Bases. The pH Scale. Acid Rain. Antacids: A Basic Remedy. Acids and Bases in Industry and in Us. 8. Oxidation and Reduction: Burn and Unburn. Oxidation and Reduction: Three Views. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents. Electrochemistry: Cells and Batteries. Corrosion. Explosive Reactions. Oxygen: An Abundant and Essential Oxidizing Agent. Other Common Oxidizing Agents. Some Reducing Agents of Interest. A Closer Look at Hydrogen. Oxidation, Reductions, and Living Things. 9. Organic Chemistry: The Infinite Variety of Carbon Compounds. The Unique Carbon Atom. Alkanes. Cyclic Hydrocarbons: Rings and Things. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes and Alkynes. Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Benzene and Relatives. Chlorinated Hydrocarbons: Many Uses, Some Hazards. The Functional Group. The Alcohol Family. Phenols. Ethers. Aldehydes and Ketones. Carboxylic Acids. Esters: The Sweet Smell of RCOOR'. Amines and Amides. Heterocyclic Compounds: Alkaloids and Others. 10. Polymers: Giants among Molecules. Polymerization: Making Big Ones out of Little Ones. Natural Polymers. Celluloid: Billiard Balls and Collares. Polyethylene: From the Battle of Britain to Bread Bags. Addition Polymerization: One + One + One + ... Gives One! Rubber. Condensation Polymers: Splitting out Water. Properties of Polymers. Disposal of Plastics. Plastics and Fire Hazards. Plasticizers and Pollution. Plastics and the Future. 11. Chemistry of Earth: Metals and Minerals. Spaceship Earth: The Materials Manifest. The Lithosphere: Organic and Inorganic. Meeting Our Needs: From Sticks to Bricks. Silicates and the Shapes of Things. Modified Silicates: Ceramics, Glass, and Cement. Metals and Ores. Running Out of Everything: Earth's Dwindling Resources. Land Pollution: Solid Wastes. The Three R's of Garbage: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. How Crowded Is Our Spaceship? 12. Air: The Breath of Life. Earth's Atmosphere: Divisions and Composition. The Nitrogen Cycle. The Oxygen Cycle. Temperature Inversion. Natural Pollution. The Air Our Ancestors Breathed. Pollution Goes Global. Coal + Fire ...- Industrial Smog. Photochemical Smog: Making Haze While the Sun Shines. We Got the Lead Out. Ozone: Protector and Pollutant. Acid Rain: Air Pollution ...- Water Pollution. The Inside Story: Indoor Air Pollution. Who Pollutes? How Much? Carbon Dioxide and Global Warming. The Ultimate Pollutant: Heat. Paying the Price. 13. Water: Rivers of Life
- Seas of Sorrows. Water: Some Unusual Properties. Water, Water, Everywhere. The Water Cycle. Biological Contamination: The Need for Clean Water. Ecological Cycles. Chemical Contamination: From Farm, Factory, and Home. Groundwater Contamination: Tainted Tap Water. Acid Waters: Dead Lakes. Industrial Water Pollution. From Wastewater to Drinking Water. Back to the Soil: An Alternative Solution. We're the Solution to Water Pollution. 14. Energy: A Fuels Paradise. Heavenly Sunlight Flooding Earth with Energy. Energy and Chemical Reactions. Energy and the First Law: Energy Is Conserved. Energy and the Second Law: Things Are Going to Get Worse. People Power: Early Uses of Energy. Fossil Fuels: Reserves and Consumption Rates. Coal: The Carbon Rock of Ages. Natural Gas: Mostly Methane. Petroleum: Liquid Hydrocarbons. Convenient Energy: Electricity. Nuclear Fission. Nuclear Fusion: The Sun in a Magnetic Bottle. Harnessing the Sun: Solar Energy. Biomass: Photosynthesis for Fuel. Other Energy Sources. Energy: How Much Is Too Much? 15. Biochemistry: A Molecular View of Life. The Cell. Energy in Biological Systems. Carbohydrates: A Storehouse of Energy. Fats and Other Lipids. Proteins: Polymers of Amino Acids. The Peptide Bond: Peptides and Proteins. Structure of Proteins. Enzymes: Exquisite Precision Machines. Nucleic Acids: Parts and Structure. DNA: Self-Replication. RNA: Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code. Genetic Engineering. 16. Food: Those Incredible Edible Chemicals. Carbohydrates: The Preferred Fuels. Fats: Energy Reserves, Cholesterol, and Cardiovascular Disease. Proteins: Muscle and Much More. Minerals: Important Inorganic Chemicals in Our Lives. The Vitamins: Vital, But Not All Are Amines. Other Essentials. Starvation and Fasting. Additives to Enhance Our Food. Poisons in Your Food. A World without Food Additives. Plants: Sun-Powered Food-Making Machines. Farming with Chemicals: Fertilizers. The War against Pests. Biological Insect Controls. Herbicides and Defoliants. Alternative Agriculture. Some Malthusian Mathematics. Can We Feed a Hungry World? 17. Household Chemicals: Helps and Hazards. A History of Cleaning. Fat + Lye ...- Soap. Synthetic Detergents. Laundry Detergent Formulations. Liquid Laundry Detergents. Quaternary Ammonium Salts: Dead Germs and Soft Fabrics. Bleaches: Whiter Whites. All-Purpose Cleaning Products. Special-Purpose Cleaners. Organic Solvents in the Home. Paints. Waxes. Cosmetics: Personal Care Chemicals. Toothpaste: Soap with Grit and Flavor. Perfumes, Colognes, and Aftershaves. Some Hairy Chemistry. The Well-Informed Consumer. 18. Fitness and Health: Some Chemical Connections. Nutrition. Vitamins and Minerals. Body Fluids: Electrolytes. Weight-Loss Diets. Exercise for Weight Loss. Measuring Fitness. Some Chemistry of Muscles. Drugs and the Athlete. Exercise and the Brain. No Smoking. Chemistry of Sports Materials. 19. Drugs: Chemical Cures, Comforts, and Cautions. Pain Relievers: Aspirin. Chemistry and the Common Cold. Antibacterial Drugs. Viruses and Antiviral Drugs. Chemicals against Cancer. Hormones: The Regulators. Chemistry and Social Revolution: The Pill. Drugs for the Heart. Drugs and the Mind. Some Chemistry of the Nervous System. Brain Amines: Depression and Mania. Anesthetics. Depressants. Narcotics. Antianxiety Agents. Stimulant Drugs. The Mindbenders: LSD. Marijuana: Some Chemistry of Cannabis. Drug Problems. The Placebo Effect. 20. Poisons: Chemical Toxicology. All Things Are Poisons. Corrosive Poisons: A Closer Look. Poisons Affecting Oxygen Transport and Oxidative Processes. Make Your Own Poison: Fluoroacetic Acid. Heavy Metal Poisons. More Chemistry of the Nervous System. The Lethal Dose. Your Liver: A Detox Facility. Chemical Carcinogens: Slow Poisons. Testing for Carcinogens: Three Ways. Birth Defects: Teratogens. Hazardous Wastes. What Price Poisons? Appendix A: Review of Measurement and Mathematics. Appendix B: Glossary. Appendix C: Answers. Photo Credits. Index.
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