The universities of the Italian Renaissance

著者

書誌事項

The universities of the Italian Renaissance

Paul F. Grendler

Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002

  • : hard
  • : pbk

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注記

Includes bibliographical references (p. [517]-568) and index

内容説明・目次

巻冊次

: hard ISBN 9780801866319

内容説明

Italian Renaissance universities were Europe's intellectual leaders in humanistic studies, law, medicine, philosophy, and science. Employing some of the foremost scholars of the time-including Pietro Pomponazzi, Andreas Vesalius, and Galileo Galilei-the Italian Renaissance university was the prototype of today's research university. This is the first book in any language to offer a comprehensive study of this most influential institution. In this magisterial study, noted scholar Paul F. Grendler offers a detailed and authoritative account of the universities of Renaissance Italy. Beginning with brief narratives of the origins and development of each university, Grendler explores such topics as the number of professors and their distribution by discipline, student enrollment (some estimates are the first attempted), famous faculty members, budget and salaries, and relations with civil authority. He discusses the timetable of lectures, student living, foreign students, the road to the doctorate, and the impact of the Counter Reformation. He shows in detail how humanism changed research and teaching, producing the medical Renaissance of anatomy and medical botany, new approaches to Aristotle, and mathematical innovation. Universities responded by creating new professorships and suppressing older ones. The book concludes with the decline of Italian universities, as internal abuses and external threats-including increased student violence and competition from religious schools-ended Italy's educational leadership in the seventeenth century.

目次

Contents: 1 Macerata 1540-1541 2 Salerno 1592 3 Messina 1596 4 Parma 1601 5 Incomplete Universities 6 Paper Universities 7 Conclusion Chapter 5: The University in Action 1 Organization of Instruction 2 Latin 3 Disputations 4 Civil Authority and Student Power 5 Professors 6 Student Living 7 Residence Colleges 8 The Doctorate 9 The Cost of Degrees 10 Alternate Paths to the Doctorate 11 Doctorates from Counts Palatine 12 The Counter Reformation Part II: Teaching and Research Chapter 6: The Studia Humanitatis 1 Grammar and Rhetoric in the Fourteenth-Century University 2 Humanists Avoid the University, 1370-1425 3 Humanists Join the University, 1425-1450 4 Humanistic Studies Flourish, 1450-1520 5 Court and Classroom: Changing Employment for Humanists 6 Humanistic Studies at Other Universities7 The Sixteenth Century 8 Curricular Texts 9 Teaching and Research 10 Humanists in the University: A Summation Chapter 7: Logic 1 Logic at Padua 2 Logic at Other Universities 3 Teaching and Research 4 Demonstrative Regress 5 Conclusion Chapter 8: Natural Philosophy 1 Aristotelian Curricular Texts 2 Greek Texts and Cemeteries 3 Inanimate World, Scientific Method, and the Soul 4 The Debate on the Immortality of the Intellective Soul 5 The Immortality of the Soul after Pomponazzi 6 Platonic Philosophy in the Universities 7 Continuity and Decline of Aristotelian Natural Philosophy Chapter 9: The Medical Curriculum 1 Medieval Medical Knowledge 2 The Medical Curriculum in 1400 3 Medical Humanism 4 The Anatomical Renaissance 5 Bodies for Dissection 6 University Anatomy after Vesalius 7 Clinical Medicine 8 Medical Botany 9 Conclusion Chapter 10: Theology, Metaphysics, and Scripture 1 From Medicant Order Studia to Faculties of Theology 2 Faculties of Theology 3 Doctorates of Theology 4 Theology, Metaphysics, and Scripture at the University of Padua 5 Universities Teaching Theology Continuously 6 Universities Reluctant to Teach Theology 7 Erasmus' Doctorate of Theology 8 Teaching Texts 9 The Reputation of Theology 10 Italian Convent and University Theology 1400-1600 Chapter 11: Moral Philosophy 1 Moral Philosophy in the Late Middle Ages 2 Humanistic Moral Philosophy at the University of Florence 3 Moral Philosophy in Other Universities 4 Teaching Moral Philosophy Chapter 12: Mathematics 1 Statutory Texts 2 The Renaissance of Mathematics 3 Professors of Astrology, Astronomy and Mathematics 4 Luca Pacioli 5 The Progress of Mathematics Chapter 13: Law 1 Mos Italicus 2 Teaching Texts 3 Humanistic Jurisprudence 4 The Decline of Canon Law 5 Padua and Bologna 6 Pavia and Rome 7 Siena and the Sozzini 8 Florence and Pisa 9 The Other Universities 10 Conclusion Part III: Recessional Chapter 14: Decline 1 Concern for the Universities 2 Competition from Religious Order Schools: The Jesuit School at Padua 3 Competition from Religious Order Schools: Schools for Nobles 4 Degrees from Local Colleges of Law and Medicine 5 Private Teaching and Other Pedagogical Abuses 6 Private Anatomy Teaching at Padua 7 The Shrinking Academic Calendar 8 Financial Problems 9 Faculty Provincialism 10 Student Violence 11 Positive Developments 12 A Weakened Institution Chapter 15: Conclusion Appendix: Faculty Size and Student Enrollments Bibliography
巻冊次

: pbk ISBN 9780801880551

内容説明

The Italian university has been credited with the rebirth of humanism and thus the flourishing of the Renaissance as we have come to understand it. Scholars of Italian humanism acknowledge the importance of the legal curriculum at universities in Pisa and Bologna for the rediscovery and renewed appreciation of classical texts. Few, however, have examined what life or the curriculum were like at Italian universities in general, in both major and minor city-states. This study, covering the period from 1400-1600, offers historians in the field not only an overview but also detailed information on the life of these Renaissance universities. According to the author, this book addresses Italian universities of the Renaissance in two complementary ways. It follows in broad lines the changes in various academic disciplines, as new issues and themes appeared and older ones waned. It also notes changes in the organization of the university, such as the creation of professorships in new subjects and their elimination in older ones. The impact of scholars in their disciplines in many cases depended on the structural changes their university was willing to make to accommodate new lines of inquiry. The book studies all sixteen of the leading Italian universities. Part I charts the rise and flourishing of Italian universities as institutions. Part II looks at their curricula, teaching methods, and research conducted by university professors. Part III explains the decline of the Renaissance university.

目次

Contents: 1 Macerata 1540-1541 2 Salerno 1592 3 Messina 1596 4 Parma 1601 5 Incomplete Universities 6 Paper Universities 7 Conclusion Chapter 5: The University in Action 1 Organization of Instruction 2 Latin 3 Disputations 4 Civil Authority and Student Power 5 Professors 6 Student Living 7 Residence Colleges 8 The Doctorate 9 The Cost of Degrees 10 Alternate Paths to the Doctorate 11 Doctorates from Counts Palatine 12 The Counter Reformation Part II: Teaching and Research Chapter 6: The Studia Humanitatis 1 Grammar and Rhetoric in the Fourteenth-Century University 2 Humanists Avoid the University, 1370-1425 3 Humanists Join the University, 1425-1450 4 Humanistic Studies Flourish, 1450-1520 5 Court and Classroom: Changing Employment for Humanists 6 Humanistic Studies at Other Universities7 The Sixteenth Century 8 Curricular Texts 9 Teaching and Research 10 Humanists in the University: A Summation Chapter 7: Logic 1 Logic at Padua 2 Logic at Other Universities 3 Teaching and Research 4 Demonstrative Regress 5 Conclusion Chapter 8: Natural Philosophy 1 Aristotelian Curricular Texts 2 Greek Texts and Cemeteries 3 Inanimate World, Scientific Method, and the Soul 4 The Debate on the Immortality of the Intellective Soul 5 The Immortality of the Soul after Pomponazzi 6 Platonic Philosophy in the Universities 7 Continuity and Decline of Aristotelian Natural Philosophy Chapter 9: The Medical Curriculum 1 Medieval Medical Knowledge 2 The Medical Curriculum in 1400 3 Medical Humanism 4 The Anatomical Renaissance 5 Bodies for Dissection 6 University Anatomy after Vesalius 7 Clinical Medicine 8 Medical Botany 9 Conclusion Chapter 10: Theology, Metaphysics, and Scripture 1 From Medicant Order Studia to Faculties of Theology 2 Faculties of Theology 3 Doctorates of Theology 4 Theology, Metaphysics, and Scripture at the University of Padua 5 Universities Teaching Theology Continuously 6 Universities Reluctant to Teach Theology 7 Erasmus' Doctorate of Theology 8 Teaching Texts 9 The Reputation of Theology 10 Italian Convent and University Theology 1400-1600 Chapter 11: Moral Philosophy 1 Moral Philosophy in the Late Middle Ages 2 Humanistic Moral Philosophy at the University of Florence 3 Moral Philosophy in Other Universities 4 Teaching Moral Philosophy Chapter 12: Mathematics 1 Statutory Texts 2 The Renaissance of Mathematics 3 Professors of Astrology, Astronomy and Mathematics 4 Luca Pacioli 5 The Progress of Mathematics Chapter 13: Law 1 Mos Italicus 2 Teaching Texts 3 Humanistic Jurisprudence 4 The Decline of Canon Law 5 Padua and Bologna 6 Pavia and Rome 7 Siena and the Sozzini 8 Florence and Pisa 9 The Other Universities 10 Conclusion Part III: Recessional Chapter 14: Decline 1 Concern for the Universities 2 Competition from Religious Order Schools: The Jesuit School at Padua 3 Competition from Religious Order Schools: Schools for Nobles 4 Degrees from Local Colleges of Law and Medicine 5 Private Teaching and Other Pedagogical Abuses 6 Private Anatomy Teaching at Padua 7 The Shrinking Academic Calendar 8 Financial Problems 9 Faculty Provincialism 10 Student Violence 11 Positive Developments 12 A Weakened Institution Chapter 15: Conclusion Appendix: Faculty Size and Student Enrollments Bibliography

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