Health, illness, and medicine in Canada
著者
書誌事項
Health, illness, and medicine in Canada
Oxford University Press, 2000
3rd. ed.
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. 398-431) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
A study of the sociology of health, illness, and medicine. It includes research findings and statistical data on how we try to stay healthy and how we respond to illness, on how we live and how we die. Chapters on nursing and midwifery and on complementary and alternative medicine have been written for this edition, which includes over 100 tables and figures, as well as vignettes on such topics as medical technologies, pioneers in medicine, epidemics, environmental disasters, and the history of medicine. Canada's health-care system has been largely defined by physicians, hospital administrators, and government bureaucrats. It has been a boon to many, but has meant the entrenchment of allopathic medicine over such alternatives as chiropractic and naturopathy. As Canada's population ages and chronic illnesses proliferate, interventionist and pharmaceutical solutions to health problems become less relevant and extremely costly. Allopathic interventions such as surgery and chemotherapy may increase quantity of life at the expense of its quality.
Clarke uses four different sociological perspectives - structural-functional, conflict, symbolic interactionist, and feminist - to examine occupational diseases, environmental challenges, the inequities of age, gender, class, race, and ethnicity, the experience of getting sick and going to the doctor, and the extensive and profit-motivated impact of the pharmaceutical and medical device industries. "Health, Illness, and Medicine in Canada" also considers the Canadian health-care system in historical and international context.
目次
Preface. Part I: Sociological Perspectives. 1: Ways of Thinking Sociologically about Health, Illness, and Medicine. Structural Functionalism. Conflict Theory. Symbolic Interactionist Theory. Feminist Theory. Sociology of Health in Canada. Summary. 2: Ways of Studying Health, Illness, and Medicine Sociologically. Positivism. Conflict Theory. Feminist Theory/Methodology. Summary. Part II: Sociology of Health and Illness. Introduction. 3: Disease and Death: Canada in International and Historical Context. Life Expectancy. Poverty. Food Security. The Physical and Social Environment. Death, Disease, and disability in Canadian Society. Causes of Death and Disease. Summary. 4: Environmental and Occupational Health and Illness. The Major Environmental Issues. Air Pollution and Human Health. The Great Lakes. Waste Disposal. Biodiversity. Occupational Health and Safety. Other Accidents and Violence. Summary. 5: Social Inequity, Disease, and Death: Age and Gender. Age and Mortality. Age and Morbidity. Gender and Mortality. Gender and Morbidity. Explanations for Differences in Disease and Death. Summary. 6: Social Inequity, Disease, and Death in Canada: Class, Race, and Ethnicity. Social Class. Education. Race, Ethnicity, and Minority Status. Explanations for the Health Effects of Inequities. Economics and Health. Summary. 7: Getting Sick and Going to the Doctor. Stress. Social Support. Coronary-Prone or Type A Behaviour and Heart Disease. Sense of Coherence. Religion and Health. Prayer and Health. Therapeutic Touch. The Illness Iceberg. Why People Seek Help. Summary. 8: The Experience of Being Ill. Illness, Sickness, and Disease. Variations in the Experience of Being Ill. Popular Conceptions of Health, Illness, and Disease. The Insider's View: How Illness Is Experienced. Case Study: Women and Cancer. Summary. 9: The Social Construction of scientific and Medical Knowledge and Medical Practice. The Sociology of Medical Knowledge. Medical and Scientific Knowledge: Historical and Cross-Cultural Context. Medical Science and Medical Practice: A Gap in Values. Medical Sciences Reinforces Gender Role Stereotypes. The Sociology of Medical Practice. Doctor-Patient Communication. Summary. 10: Medicalization: The Medical-Moral Mix. A Brief History of Western Medical Practice. Medicalization: The Critique of Contemporary Medicine. The Contemporary Physician as Moral Entrepreneur. Uncertainty and Medicalization. Medicalization and Demedicalization. Summary. 11: Medical Practitioners, Medicare, and the State. Early Canadian Medical Organizations. The Origins of the Contemporary Medical Care System. The Efforts of Early Allopathic Physicians to Organize. The History of Universal Medical Insurance in Canada. The Impact of Medicare on the Health of Canadians. The Impact of Medicare on Health-Care Costs. Summary. 12: The Medical Profession. The 'Profession' of Medicine. A Brief History of Medical Education in North America. Medical Education in Canada Today. Organization of the Medical Profession: Autonomy and Social Control. The Management of Mistakes. Summary. 13: The Medical Care System: Critical Issues. The Medical Model. Sex and the Medical Hierarchy: A Brief History. The Medical Profession. Nursing. Women's Health: A New Focus. Women as Hidden Healers. The Medicalization of Women's Lives. Summary. 14: Nurses and Midwives in the Changing Health-Care System. Nursing: The Historical Context. Nursing Today: Issues of Sexism, Managerial Ideology, Hospital Organization, and Cutbacks. Nursing as a Profession. Midwifery. Summary. 15: Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Alternative, Complementary, and Allopathic Medicine. Chiropractic. Naturopathy. Summary. 16: The Medical-Industrial Complex. Drug Use. Physicians and Prescribing. Pharmacists. The Pharmaceutical Industry. Issues in Drug Regulation. Medical Devices and Bioengineering. Summary. Appendix: Web Sites for Sociological Research on Health and Medicine. Bibliography. Index
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