Group behaviour and development : is the market destroying cooperation?
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Bibliographic Information
Group behaviour and development : is the market destroying cooperation?
（Queen Elizabeth House series in development studies）
Oxford University Press, 2002
- : pbk
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University Library for Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo図
361.6:H535010190899
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Note
"A study prepared for Quen Elizabeth House, International Development Centre, University of Oxford (QEH) and the World Institute for Development Economics Research of the United Nations University (UNU/WIDER)"
Bibliography: p. [327]-356
Includes index
Description and Table of Contents
Description
This book focuses on group behaviour in developing countries. It includes studies of producer and community organizations, NGOs, and some public sector groups.
Despite the fact that most economic decisions are taken by people acting within groups - families, firms, neighbourhood or community associations, and networks of producers - the analysis of group functioning has not received enough attention, particularly among economists.
Some groups function well, from the perspectives of equity, efficiency, and well-being, while others do not. This book explores why. It covers groups that perform three types of function: overcoming market failures (e.g. producer organizations); improving the position of their members (e.g. Trade Unions), and distributing resources to the less well-off (e.g. NGOs and the public sector). It contrasts three modes of group behaviour: power and control; cooperation; and the use of material
incentives. It explores what determines modes of behaviour of groups, and the consequences for efficiency, equity, and well-being.
The book includes eleven case studies by different authors, including producers' associations in Brazil, farmers' organizations in Korea and Taiwan, community forestry groups in South Asia, organizations of sex-workers in Calcutta, and health NGOs in Uganda. Claims groups tended to be the most cooperative, cooperation fostering empowerment and self-esteem. Distributive or pro bono groups mostly operated according to power and control, while market failure groups often combined all three modes.
The studies show the strong impact of norms in society as a whole on group behaviour. The recent shift towards a stronger role for market incentives has exerted powerful pressures on groups to use more material incentives, undermining the cooperation essential to sustain efficiency and equity. The universal presumption in favour of monetary incentives needs to be abandoned. Non-market behaviour needs to be valued and protected as well.
Table of Contents
- 1. Group Behaviour and Development
- 2. Dynamic Interactions Between the Macro-environment, Development Thinking, and Group Behaviour
- 3. Individual Motivation, its Nature, Determinants, and Consequences for Within-group Behaviour
- 4. Collective Action for Local-Level Effort Regulation: An Assessment of Recent Experiences in Senegalese Small-Scale Fisheries
- 5. Leaders and Intermediaries as Economic Development Agents in Producers' Associations
- 6. Group Behaviour and Development: A Comparison of Farmers' Organizations in South Korea and Taiwan
- 7. Has the Coffee Federation Become Redundant? Collective Action and the Market in Colombian Development
- 8. Producer Groups and the Decollectivization of the Mongolian Pastoral Economy
- 9. The Hidden Side of Group Behaviour: A Gender Analysis of Community Forestry in South Asia
- 10. Information Women's Groups in Rural Bangladesh: Group Operation and Outcomes
- 11. Sex Workers in Calcutta and the Dynamics of Collective Action: Political Activism, Community Identity, and Group Behaviour
- 12. Non-market Relationships in Health Care
- 13. Institutional Cultures and Regulatory Relationships in a Liberalizing Health Care System: A Tanzanian Case Study
- 14. The Case of Indigenous NGOs in Uganda's Health Sector
- 15. Conclusions
by "Nielsen BookData"