Machinery malfunction diagnosis and correction : vibration analysis and troubleshooting for the process industries
著者
書誌事項
Machinery malfunction diagnosis and correction : vibration analysis and troubleshooting for the process industries
（Hewlett-Packard professional books）
Prentice Hall PTR, c1998
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This is a book on the technology of analyzing process machinery malfunctions. It begins with fundamental concepts of mechancial motion, and expands the basic models into acceptable simulations of real machines. Relationships between the actual machinery, the analytical model, and the vibration characteristics are examined. Specifically, steam and gas turbines, gear boxes, centrifugal and reciprocating compressors, plus motors and generators are analyzed from different perspectives. It is extensively illustrated, and it contains detailed examples with sample calculations. The book also includes 45 case histories that cover the entire scenario from problem definition, through investigation, plus the final corrective solutions.
目次
1. Introduction.
Machinery Categories. Chapter Descriptions. Bibliography.
2. Dynamic Motion.
Malfunction Considerations and Classifications. Fundamental Concepts. Vector Manipulation. Undamped Free Vibration. Case History 1: Piping System Dynamic Absorber. Free Vibration with Damping. Forced Vibration. Case History 2: Steam Turbine End Cover Resonance. Torsional Vibration. Bibliography.
3. Rotor Mode Shapes.
Mass and Support Distribution. Case History 3: Two Stage Compressor Rotor Weight Distribution. Inertia Considerations and Calculations. Damping Influence. Stiffness Influence. Critical Speed Transition. Mode Shape Measurement. Case History 4: Vertical Generator Mode Shape. Analytical Results. Case History 5: Eight Stage Compressor Mode Shape Change. Bibliography.
4. Bearings and Supports.
Fluid Film Radial Journal Bearings. Case History 6: Shaft Position In Gas Turbine Elliptical Bearings. Fluid Film Radial Bearing Clearance Measurements. Case History 7: Expander Journal Bearing Clearance. Bearing Supports - Measurements and Calculations. Case History 8: Measured Steam Turbine Bearing Housing Stiffness. Case History 9: Measured Gas Turbine Bearing Housing Stiffness. Bearing Housing Damping. Fluid Film Thrust Bearings. Rolling Element Bearings. Before Considering Bearing Redesign. Bibliography.
5. Analytical Rotor Modeling.
Modeling Overview. Undamped Critical Speed. Case History 10: Mode Shapes for Turbine Generator Set. Case History 11: Torsional Analysis of Power Turbine and Pump. Stability and Damped Critical Speed Calculations. Case History 12: Complex Rotor Damped Analysis. Forced Response Calculations. Case History 13: Gas Turbine Response Correlation. Case History 14: Charge Gas Compressor with Internal Fouling. Case History 15: Hybrid Approach To A Vertical Mixer. Bibliography.
6. Transducer Characteristics.
Basic Signal Attributes. Proximity Displacement Probes. Velocity Coils. Piezoelectric Accelerometers. Pressure Pulsation Transducers. Specialized Transducers. Aspects of Vibration Severity. Bibliography.
7. Dynamic Signal Characteristics.
Electronic Filters. Time and Orbital Domain. Time and Frequency Domain. Case History 16: Steam Turbine Exhaust End Bearing Dilemma. Signal Summation. Case History 17: Opposed Induced Draft Fans. Amplitude Modulation. Case History 18: Loose and Unbalanced Compressor Wheel. Frequency Modulation. Case History 19: Gear Box with Excessive Backlash. Bibliography.
8. Data Acquisition and Processing.
Vibration Transducer Suite. Recording Instrumentation. Data Processing Instrumentation. Data Presentation Formats. Bibliography.
9. Common Malfunctions.
Synchronous Response. Mass Unbalance. Bent or Bowed Shaft. Case History 20: Repetitive Steam Turbine Rotor Bow. Eccentricity. Case History 21: Seven Element Gear Box Coupling Bore. Shaft Preloads. Resonant Response. Case History 22: Re-Excitation of Compressor Resonance. Machinery Stability. Case History 23: Warehouse Induced Steam Turbine Instability. Case History 24: Pinion Whirl During Coastdown. Mechanical Looseness. Case History 25: Loose Steam Turbine Bearing. Rotor Rubs. Cracked Shaft Behavior. Case History 26: Syngas Compressor with Cracked Shaft. Foundation Considerations. Case History 27: Floating Induced Draft Fan. Case History 28: Structural Influence of Insufficient Grout. Bibliography.
10. Unique Behavior.
Parallel Shaft-Two Element Gear Boxes. Case History 29: Herringbone Gear Box Tooth Failure. Epicyclic Gear Boxes. Case History 30: Star Gear Box Subsynchronous Motion. Process Fluid Excitations. Case History 31: Boiler Feed Water Pump Splitter Vane Failures. Case History 32: Hydro Turbine Draft Tube Vortex. Electrical Excitations. Case History 33: Motor With Unsupported Stator Midspan. Case History 34: Torsional Excitation From Synchronous Motor. Reciprocating Machines. Case History 35: Hyper Compressor Plunger Failures. Bibliography.
11. Rotor Balancing.
Before Balancing. Standardized Measurements and Conventions. Combined Balancing Techniques. Linearity Requirements. Case History 36: Complex Rotor Non-Linearities. Single Plane Balance. Case History 37: Forced Draft Fan Field Balance. Two Plane Balance. Case History 38: Five Bearing, 120 MW Turbine Generator Set. Weight Sequence Variation. Case History 39: Three Bearing Turbine Generator at 3,600 RPM. Case History 40: Balancing A 36,330 RPM Pinion Assembly. Three Plane Balance. Static-Couple Corrections. Multiple Speed Calculations. Response Prediction. Trim Calculations. Balancing Force Calculations. Balance Weight Splitting. Weight Removal. Shop Balancing. Bibliography.
12. Machinery Alignment.
Pre-Alignment Considerations. Optical Position Alignment. Case History 41: Hyper Compressor Position Alignment. Laser Position Alignment. Optical and Laser Bore Alignment. Wire Bore Alignment. Case History 42: Hyper Compressor Bore Alignment. Shaft Alignment Concepts. Rim and Face Shaft Alignment. Reverse Indicator Shaft Alignment. Optics, Lasers, and Wires for Shaft Alignment. Hot Alignment Techniques. Case History 43: Motor to Hot Process Pump Alignment. Bibliography.
13. Applied Condition Monitoring.
Maintenance Philosophies. Condition Monitoring. Machinery Performance. Vibration Response Data. Bearing Temperature Data. Data Trending. Case History 44: Four Pole Induction Motor Bearing Failure. Case History 45: Cracked Gas Compressor Intermittent Instability. Case History 46: High Stage Compressor Loose Thrust Collar. Pre-Startup Inspection and Testing. Startup Inspection and Testing. Case History 47: Turbine Solo Operation with Tapered Journal. Case History 48: Coupled Turbine Generator Startup. Case History 49: Heat Soak and Load Stabilization. Bibliography.
14. Machinery Diagnostic Methodology.
Diagnostic Objectives. Mechanical Inspection. Test Plan Development. Data Acquisition and Processing. Data Interpretation. Conclusions and Recommendations. Corrective Action Plan. Case History 50: Steam Turbine Electrostatic Voltage Discharge. Case History 51: Barrel Compressor Fluidic Excitation. Case History 52: High Speed Pinion Instability. Conclusions on Diagnostic Methodology. Bibliography.
15. Closing Thoughts and Comments.
Economic Reality. Corporate Considerations. Presentation of Results. Silver Bullets.
Appendix.
A. Machinery Diagnostic Glossary. B. Physical Properties. C. Conversion Factors. D. Index.
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