Nordic mountain birch ecosystems
著者
書誌事項
Nordic mountain birch ecosystems
（Man and the biosphere series, v. 27）
Unesco , Parthenon, 2001
- : UNESCO
- : Parthenon
大学図書館所蔵 件 / 全5件
-
該当する所蔵館はありません
- すべての絞り込み条件を解除する
注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
Editorial board: M. Sonesson, S. Karlsson, K. Laine, A. Aradottir and S. Ødum
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This volume presents the results of an extensive, long-running program of research on mountain birch, Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii, conducted by the Nordic Subarctic and Subalpine Ecology (NSSE) group, as part of the UNESCO/MAB Northern Sciences Network. The book contains an almost complete overview of NSSE research and results, presented in 31 data-rich chapters in six sections: introduction, ecosystem distribution, plant growth, animal herbivory, impact by man, and conclusions. These chapters cover the history, climatic influences and interactions of animals and insects on the growth and distribution of mountain birch, considering both physical and chemical aspects of performance and distribution, and using research methods ranging from plant and animal ecophysiology to social anthropology and remote sensing.
The work also examines past and future climates and the effects of air pollution on the growth and distribution of mountain birch and associated herbs, insect, rodent and bird populations. This information is especially important in view the effects of climate change, topography and grazing on the treeline. Both wild and domestic animal populations, including domestic and semi-domestic reindeer, are responsible for grazing and trampling of birch forest. Reindeer herding and migration have been prevented or limited during the last century for political and economic reasons, while farming and increased tourism have also had direct impacts on birch forest regeneration through trampling and new building projects. Mountain birch are also used as firewood, for lumber or furniture, and traditionally by the Sami (Lappish) people for tools and handicrafts. The book includes bibliographic references and index.
目次
Preface. Contributors. Establishment and development of the Nordic NSSE group. The Holocene history of the Nordic mountain birch belt. Vegetation sections in northern Fennoscandian mountain birch forests. Mountain birch taxonomy and floristics of mountain birch woodlands. The establishment of an arboretum in Greenland. Distribution and characteristics of birch woodlands in north Iceland. Ecology of some epiphytic lichens on the mountain birch. Effects by fertilization and watering on morphology in young mountain birch plants of different provenances - a pilot study. Coppicing and growth of various provenances of mountain birch in relation to nutrients and water. Carbon economy in a birch-dominated ecosystem species in northern Fennoscandia. Biomass proportion, production and leaf nitrogen distribution in a polycormic mountain birch stand (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) in northern Sweden. Biomass, nitrogen turnover and nutrient use characteristics in subarctic mountain birch trees. Variation in growth patterns among provenances, ecotypes and individuals of mountain birch. Inorganic nutrient content in plant species of a mountain birch-dominated ecosystem in northern Fennoscandia. Performance of mountain birch in relation to its treeline in the Tornetrask area, northern Sweden. Temporal variation in the efficiency of photosystem ii in birch (Betula Pubescens ssp. pubescens) during the growing season - a pilot study. Studies of apical growth cessation in dwarf birch (Betula nana L.) from Spitsbergen and northern Norway. Insect herbivores and herbivory effects on mountain birch dynamics. Impact on mountain birch forest in the past and the future of outbreaks of two geometrid insects. Using remote sensing to detect caterpillar outbreaks in mountain birch forests - a new approach. Birds in subarctic mountain birch forests - dynamics and strategies. Rodent dynamics and communities in the birch forest zone of northern Fennoscandia. Mountain birch forests and reindeer husbandry. Ecosystem degradation and restoration of birch woodlands in Iceland. Summer farming in the subalpine birch forest. Effect of enhancement of willow (Salix spp.) on establishment of birch (Betula pubescens) on eroded soils in Iceland. Pollution-induced changes in mountain birch forests. Climate change impacts on mountain birch ecosystems. Regeneration of dominant plants after short-term pedestrian trampling in subarctic plant communities. People and birch: the Sami perception of the environment and its sustainability. Nordic mountain birch ecosystems - a conceptual overview.
「Nielsen BookData」 より