CiNii Books - Philosophy : the quest for truth

Author(s)

- Pojman, Louis P.

Bibliographic Information

Philosophy : the quest for truth

[edited by] Louis P. Pojman

Oxford University Press, 2002

5th ed

Available at / 2 libraries

Kobe University Library for Humanities

101-0-POJ020200300849

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Note

Includes bibliographical references

Description and Table of Contents

Description

Praised for its accessibility and comprehensiveness, Philosophy: The Quest for Truth provides an excellent selection of classical and contemporary readings on nineteen key problems in philosophy. Louis Pojman has carefully organized the essays in each section so that they present pro/con dialogues that allow students to compare and contrast the philosophers' positions. Topics covered include the nature of philosophy, the existence of God, immortality, knowledge, the mind-body question, personal identity, free will and determinism, ethics, political philosophy, and the meaning of life. The fifth edition offers selections from Plato, Rene Descartes, John Locke, David Hume, William James, Bertrand Russell, John Hick, John Hospers, and James Rachels-as well as essays by Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, Blaise Pascal, Thomas Hobbes, George Berkeley, Immanuel Kant, Gilbert Ryle, Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sartre, Friedrich Nietzsche, Alvin Plantinga, and many others. In Philosophy: The Quest for Truth, 5th edition, Pojman offers substantial introductions to each of the nineteen philosophical problems. In addition, each of the seventy-three readings is accompanied by an individual introduction with a biographical sketch of the philosopher, study questions, and reflective questions that challenge students to analyze and critique the material. Short bibliographies following each major section, an appendix on how to read and write philosophy papers, and a detailed glossary further enhance the text's pedagogical value. Invaluable for introductory courses in philosophy, this highly acclaimed text inspires and guides students' quest for wisdom. The fifth edition adds new study questions and nine new articles: * Father F. C. Copleston and Bertrand Russell: "A Debate on the Argument from Contingency" * Corliss Lamont: "Freedom of the Will and Human Responsibility" * Richard Taylor: "Fate" * Louis Pojman: "A Critique of Ethical Egoism" * Robert Paul Wolff: "In Defense of Anarchism" * Brian Barry: "A Cosmopolitan Theory of International Society" * Thomas Nagel: "The Absurd" * Thurgood Marshall: "The Death Penalty Is a Denial of Human Dignity" * Burton Leiser: "The Death Penalty Is Permissible"

Table of Contents

Each Part opens with an Introduction and ends with Suggestions for Further Reading
I. WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY?
1. Plato: Socratic Wisdom
2. John Locke: Of Enthusiasm and the Quest for Truth
3. Bertrand Russell: The Value of Philosophy
Excursus: A Little Bit of Logic
II. PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION
II.A. IS BELIEF IN GOD RATIONALLY JUSTIFIED? ARGUMENTS FOR THE EXISTENCE OF GOD
4. Thomas Aquinas: The Five Ways
5. Father F.C. Copleston and Bertrand Russell: A Debate on the Argument from Contingency
6. Paul Edwards: A Critique of the Cosmological Argument
7. William Paley: The Watch and the Watchmaker
8. David Hume: A Critique of the Teleological Argument
9. St. Anselm and Gaunilo: The Ontological Argument
II.B. WHY IS THERE EVIL?
10. Fyodor Dostoevsky: Why Is There Evil?
11. B.C. Johnson: Why Doesn't God Intervene to Prevent Evil?
12. John Hick: There Is a Reason Why God Allows Evil
II.C. IS FAITH COMPATIBLE WITH REASON?
13. Blaise Pascal: Yes, Faith Is a Logical Bet
14. W.K. Clifford: The Ethics of Belief
15. William James: The Will to Believe
16. Antony Flew, R.M. Hare, and Basil Mitchell: A Debate on the Rationality of Religious Belief
17. Alvin Plantinga: Religious Belief Without Evidence
III. KNOWLEDGE
III.A. WHAT CAN WE KNOW? CLASSICAL THEORIES OF KNOWLEDGE
18. Rene Descartes: Cartesian Doubt and the Search for Foundational Knowledge
19. John Locke: The Empiricist Theory of Knowledge
20. George Berkeley: An Idealist Theory of Knowledge
21. David Hume: The Origin of Our Ideas and Skepticism about Causal Reasoning
22. John Hospers: An Argument Against Skepticism
III.B. TRUTH, RATIONALITY, AND COGNITIVE RELATIVISM
23. Bertrand Russell: The Correspondence Theory of Truth
24. William James: The Pragmatic Theory of Truth
25. Richard Rorty: Dismantling Truth: Solidarity versus Objectivity
26. Margarita R. Levin: Upholding Truth: Objectivity versus Solidarity
IV. PHILOSOPHY OF MIND: THE MIND-BODY PROBLEM
IV.A. WHAT AM I? A MIND OR A BODY?
27. Rene Descartes: Dualistic Interactionism
28. Gilbert Ryle: Exorcising Descartes' "Ghost in the Machine"
29. J.P. Moreland: A Contemporary Defense of Dualism
30. Paul Churchland: On Functionalism and Materialism
31. Thomas Nagel: What Is It Like to Be a Bat?
32. John Searle: Minds, Brains, and Computers
IV.B. WHO AM I? DO WE HAVE PERSONAL IDENTITY?
33. John Locke: Our Psychological Properties Define the Self
34. David Hume: We Have No Substantial Self with Which We Are Identical
35. Derek Parfit and Godfrey Vesey: Brain Transplants and Personal Identity: A Dialogue
IV.C. IS THERE LIFE AFTER DEATH? AM I IMMORTAL?
36. Plato: Arguments for the Immortality of the Soul
37. Paul Edwards: An Argument Against Survival: The Dependence of Consciousness on the Brain
38. John Hick: In Defense of Immortality
V. FREEDOM OF THE WILL AND DETERMINISM
39. Baron D'Holbach: We Are Completely Determined
40. Corliss Lamont: Freedom of the Will and Human Responsibility
41. W.T. Stace: Compatibilism
42. Richard Taylor: Fate
VI. ETHICS
VI.A. ARE THERE ANY MORAL ABSOLUTES OR IS MORALITY COMPLETELY RELATIVE?
43. Ruth Benedict: Morality Is Relative
44. James Rachels: Morality Is Not Relative
VI.B. ETHICS AND EGOISM: WHY SHOULD WE BE MORAL?
45. Plato: Why Should I Be Moral?: Gyges' Ring and Socrates' Dilemma
46. Ayn Rand: In Defense of Ethical Egoism
47. Louis Pojman: A Critique of Ethical Egoism
VI.C. WHICH IS THE CORRECT ETHICAL THEORY?
48. Aristotle: The Ethics of Virtue
49. Immanuel Kant: The Moral Law
50. John Stuart Mill: Utilitarianism
51. Jean-Paul Sartre: Existentialist Ethics
VII. POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
WHAT IS THE JUSTIFICATION OF POLITICAL AUTHORITY?
52. Robert Paul Wolff: In Defense of Anarchism
53. Thomas Hobbes: The Absolutist Answer
54. John Locke: The Democratic Answer
55. John Stuart Mill: A Classical Liberal Answer
56. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: The Communist Answer
57. Brian Barry: A Cosmopolitan Theory of International Society
VIII. WHAT IS THE MEANING OF LIFE?
58. Epicurus: Moderate Hedonism
59. Epictetus: Stoicism: Enchiridion
60. Albert Camus: Life is Absurd
61. Lois Hope Walker: Religion Gives Meaning to Life
62. Thomas Nagel: The Absurd
63. Bertrand Russell: Reflections on Suffering
IX. PHILOSOPHY IN ACTION
IX.A. IS ABORTION MORALLY PERMISSIBLE?
64. John T. Noonan, Jr.: Abortion Is Not Morally Permissible
65. Mary Anne Warren: Abortion Is Morally Permissible
66. Jane English: The Moderate Position: Beyond the Personhood Argument
IX.B. IS THE DEATH PENALTY MORALLY PERMISSIBLE?
67. Thurgood Marshall: The Death Penalty Is a Denial of Human Dignity
68. Burton Leiser: The Death Penalty Is Permissible
69. Hugo Adam Bedau: No, the Death Penalty Is Not Morally Permissible
IX.C. DO ANIMALS HAVE RIGHTS?
70. Peter Singer: The Case for Animal Liberation
71. Carl Cohen: The Case Against Animal Rights
IX.D. IS AFFIRMATIVE ACTION MORALLY JUSTIFIED?
72. Albert Mosley: The Case for Affirmative Action
73. Louis P. Pojman: The Case Against Affirmative Action
Appendix: How to Read and Write a Philosophy Paper
Glossary

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