Physics
著者
書誌事項
Physics
Prentice Hall, c2004
2nd ed.
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
For courses in Introductory Algebra-based Physics.
This text features a combination of unique pedagogical tools-Exercises, Worked Examples with solutions in 2-column format, Active Examples, Conceptual Checkpoints-that provide the right tool at the right time and place. This text employs each tool when and where it can contribute most to developing students' conceptual insight hand-in-hand with developing their problem-solving skills.
目次
(NOTE: Each chapter concludes with Chapter Summary, Problem Solving Summary, Conceptual Questions, and Problems. Volume 1 includes chapters 1-18, Volume 2 includes chapters 19-32.)
Applications in the Text.
Preface to the Instructor.
Preface to the Student.
Guide to Features of the Text.
1. Introduction.
Physics and the Laws of Nature. Units of Length, Mass, and Time. Dimensional Analysis. Significant Figures. Converting Units. Order-of-Magnitude Calculations. Problem Solving in Physics.
I. MECHANICS.
2. One-Dimensional Kinematics.
Position, Distance, and Displacement. Average Speed and Velocity. Instantaneous Velocity. Acceleration. Motion with Constant Acceleration. Applications of the Equations of Motion. Freely Falling Objects.
3. Vectors in Physics.
Scalars versus Vectors. The Components of a Vector. Adding and Subtracting Vectors. Unit Vectors. Position, Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration Vectors. Relative Motion.
4. Two-Dimensional Kinematics.
Motion in Two Dimensions. Projectile Motion: Basic Equations. Zero Launch Angle. General Launch Angle. Projectile Motion: Key Characteristics.
5. Newton's Laws of Motion.
Force and Mass. Newton's First Law of Motion. Newton's Second Law of Motion. Newton's Third Law of Motion. The Vector Nature of Forces: Forces in Two Dimensions. Weight. Normal Forces.
6. Applications of Newton's Laws.
Frictional Forces. Strings and Springs. Translational Equilibrium. Connected Objects. Circular Motion.
7. Work and Kinetic Energy.
Work Done by a Constant Force. Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Theorem. Work Done by a Variable Force. Power.
8. Potential Energy and Conservative Forces.
Conservative and Nonconservative Forces. Potential Energy and the Work Done by Conservative Forces. Conservation of Mechanical Energy. Work Done by Nonconservative Forces. Potential Energy Curves and Equipotentials.
9. Linear Momentum and Collisions.
Linear Momentum. Momentum and Newton's Second Law. Impulse. Conservation of Linear Momentum. Inelastic Collisions. Elastic Collisions. Center of Mass. Systems with Changing Mass: Rocket Propulsion.
10. Rotational Kinematics and Energy.
Angular Position, Velocity, and Acceleration. Rotational Kinematics. Connections between Linear and Rotational Quantities. Rolling Motion. Rotational Kinetic Energy and the Moment of Inertia. Conservation of Energy.
11. Rotational Dynamics and Static Equilibrium.
Torque. Torque and Angular Acceleration. Zero Torque and Static Equilibrium. Center of Mass and Balance. Dynamic Applications of Torque. Angular Momentum. Conservation of Angular Momentum. Rotational Work. The Vector Nature of Rotational Motion.
12. Gravity.
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation. Gravitation Attraction of Spherical Bodies. Kepler's Law of Orbital Motion. Gravitational Potential Energy. Energy Conservation. Tides.
13. Oscillations about Equilibrium.
Periodic Motion. Simple Harmonic Motion. Connections between Uniform Circular Motion and Simple Harmonic Motion. The Period of a Mass on a Spring. Energy Conservation in Oscillatory Motion. The Pendulum. Damped Oscillations. Driven Oscillations and Resonance.
14. Waves and Sound.
Types of Waves. Waves on a String. Harmonic Wave Functions. Sound Waves. Sound Intensity. The Doppler Effect. Superposition and Interference. Standing Waves. Beats.
15. Fluids.
Density. Pressure. Static Equilibrium in Fluids: Pressure and Depth. Archimedes' Principle and Buoyancy. Applications of Archimedes' Principle. Fluid Flow and Continuity. Bernoulli's Equation. Applications of Bernoulli's Equation. Viscosity and Surface Tension.
II. THERMAL PHYSICS.
16. Temperature and Heat.
Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics. Temperature Scales. Thermal Expansion. Heat and Mechanical Work. Specific Heats. Conduction, Convection, and Radiation.
17. Phases and Phase Changes.
Ideal Gases. Kinetic Theory. Solids and Elastic Deformation. Phase Equilibrium and Evaporation. Latent Heats. Phase Changes and Energy Conservation.
18. The Laws of Thermodynamics.
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics. The First Law of Thermodynamics. Thermal Processes. Specific Heats for an Ideal Gas: Constant Pressure, Constant Volume. The Second Law of Thermodynamics. Heat Engines and the Carnot Cycle. Refrigerators, Air Conditioners, and Heat Pumps. Entropy. Order, Disorder, and Entropy. The Third Law of Thermodynamics.
III. ELECTROMAGNETISM.
19. Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields.
Electric Charge. Insulators and Conductors. Coulomb's Law. The Electric Field. Electric Field Lines. Shielding and Charging by Induction. Electric Flux and Gauss's Law.
20. Electric Potential and Electric Potential Energy.
Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential. Energy Conservation. The Electric Potential of Point Charges. Equipotential Surfaces and the Electric Field. Capacitors and Dielectrics. Electrical Energy Storage.
21. Electric Current and Direct-Current Circuits.
Electric Current. Resistance and Ohm's Law. Energy and Power in Electric Circuits. Resistors in Series and Parallel. Kirchhoff's Rules. Circuits Containing Capacitors. RC Circuits. Ammeters and Voltmeters.
22. Magnetism.
The Magnetic Field. The Magnetic Force on Moving Charges. The Motion of Charge Particles in a Magnetic Field. The Magnetic Force Exerted on a Current-Carrying Wire. Loops of Current and Magnetic Torque. Electric Currents, Magnetic Fields, and Ampere's Law. Current Loops and Solenoids.
23. Magnetic Flux and Faraday's Law of Induction.
Induced EMF. Magnetic Flux. Faraday's Law of Induction. Lenz'e Law. Mechanical Work and Electrical Energy. Generators and Motors. Inductance. RL Circuits. Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field. Transformers.
24. Alternating-Current Circuits.
Alternating Voltages and Currents. Capacitors in AC Circuits. RC Circuits. Resonance in Electrical Circuits.
IV. LIGHT AND OPTICS.
25. Electromagnetic Waves.
The Production of Electromagnetic Waves. The Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves. The Electromagnetic Spectrum. Energy and Momentum in Electromagnetic Waves. Polarization.
26. Geometrical Optics.
The Reflection of Light. Forming Images with a Plan Mirror. Spherical Mirrors. Ray Tracing and the Mirror Equation. The Refraction of Light. Ray Tracing for Lenses. The Thin-Lens Equation. Dispersion and the Rainbow.
27. Optical Instruments.
The Human Eye and the Camera. Lenses in Combination and Corrective Optics. The Magnifying Glass. The Compound Microscope. Telescopes. Len Aberrations.
28. Physical Optics: Interference and Diffraction.
Superposition and Interference. Young's Tow-Slit Experiment. Interference in Reflected Waves. Diffraction. Resolution. Diffraction Gratings.
V. MODERN PHYSICS.
29. Relativity.
The Postulates of Special Relativity. The Relativity of Time and Time Dilation. The Relativity of Length and Length Contraction. The Relativistic Addition of Velocities. Relativistic Momentum and Mass. Relativistic Energy and E = mc2. The Relativistic Universe. General Relativity.
30. Quantum Physics.
Blackbody Radiation and Planck's Hypothesis of Quantized Energy. Photons and the Photoelectric Effect. The Mass and Momentum of a Photon. Photon Scattering and the Compton Effect. The de Broglie Hypothesis and Wave-Particle Duality. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. Quantum Tunneling.
31. Atoms, Molecules, and Solids.
Early Models of the Atom. The Spectrum of Atomic Hydrogen. Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom. De Broglie Waves and the Bohr Model. The Quantum Mechanical Hydrogen Atom. Multielectron Atoms and the Periodic Table. Atomic Radiation.
32. Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Radiation.
The Constituents and Structure of Nuclei. Radioactivity. Half-life and Radioactive Dating. Nuclear Binding Energy. Nuclear Fission. Nuclear Fusion. Practical Application of Nuclear Physics. Elementary Particles. Unified Forces and Cosmology.
APPENDICES.
Appendix A: Basic Mathematical Tools.
Mathematical Notation. Trigonometry. Algebra. Mathematical Expansions.
Appendix B: Typical Values.
Appendix C: Planetary Data.
Appendix D: Periodic Table of the Elements.
Appendix E: Properties of Selected Isotopes.
Answers to Your Turn Problems.
Answers to Odd-Numbered Conceptual Questions.
Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems.
Index.
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