Deductive logic in natural language
著者
書誌事項
Deductive logic in natural language
（The broadview library of logic and critical thinking）
Broadview Press, c2003
- : pbk
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注記
Includes bibliographical references: (p. 275-279) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This text offers an innovative approach to the teaching of logic, which is rigorous but entirely non-symbolic. By introducing students to deductive inferences in natural language, the book breaks new ground pedagogically. Cannon focuses on such topics as using a tableaux technique to assess inconsistency; using generative grammar; employing logical analyses of sentences; and dealing with quantifier expressions and syllogisms. An appendix covers truth-functional logic.
目次
- Preface Acknowledgments Abbreviations I. Fundamentals Propositions and sentences-the basic units of logic and language Truth and (declarative) sentences Consistency and sets of sentences Validity and arguments Exercises II. Stories and Situations Reference and truth Meaning and truth Might have beens Truth with respect to a situation Exercises III. Establishing Inconsistency with Tableaux Obvious inconsistency Semantic tableaux: dividing and conquering Efficiencies in tableaux A tableau that closes Exercises IV. Extending the Tableau Technique Counter sets and validity Resolving reference Additional constructions When can a sentence be checked? Exercises V. Generative Grammar What we mean by a grammar Phrase-structure grammars
- Phrase-markers Transformations Syntactic ambiguity Exercises VI. Logical Analysis of Complex Sentences "If s," "And's," or "But's": Conjunctions and sentence connectives Rule-governed sentence connectives in tableaux Transformations in logical analysis
- Grouping The reach of rules
- Negated conditionals Tableaux constructed by rules Exercises VII. Logical Analysis of Simple Sentences: Identity and Other Relations Designators and predicates Properties and relations
- Types of relations The peculiar relation of identity Tableau rules for identity Exercises VIII. Logical Analysis of Simple Sentences: One-Word Quantifiers Quantifiers in general The simplest quantifiers: "everyone," "someone," and "no one" Tableau rules for the simplest quantifiers The simplest quantifiers in tableaux "Anyone," quantifier scope, and anaphoric pronouns Exercises IX. Quantifier Expressions and Syllogisms The universal quantifier Relative pronouns, and the existential and nihilistic quantifiers Tableaux for syllogisms and other arguments "Anyone" and logical equivalence Things, times, and places Exercises Appendix: Truth-Functional Logic Review: Tableau rules for sentence connectives Three levels of symbolization Symbolic languages for algebra Truth-functions and their computational tables Truth tables and calculating truth-values Constructing an arbitrary function
- Normal form Exercises For Reading and Reference Index
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