Transneuronal degeneration in the pontine nuclei of the cat
著者
書誌事項
Transneuronal degeneration in the pontine nuclei of the cat
（Ergebnisse der Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte / editores, A. Brodal ... [et al.], Bd. 44,
Springer-Verlag, 1971
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-70) and index
収録内容
- Pt. 1. Neuronal changes in animals of varying ages
- Pt. 2. The glial proliferation
内容説明・目次
内容説明
The present study was performed to elucidate the mechanism of a rapid nerve cell loss in the nuclei pontis described after mesencephalic lesions in young cats by Torvik (1956). He observed that hemisection of the mesencephalon caused an extensive disintegration of nerve cells in the homolateral nuclei pontis within four days after the operation. Mter lesions of the caudal part of the mesencephalon a severe neuronal loss was noted also in the inferior olive. Most of the degenerating neurons appeared to pass through a stage of pyknosis and karyorhexis before disintegration, but other types of neuronal change were also described. The changes were considered caused by deafferentation of the pontine nuclei and were regarded as a kind of transneuronal degeneration. During this degeneration an unusual type of glial proliferation was also observed. The nature of the glial pro liferation will be dealt with in Part II of this study while the neuronal changes will be studied here. A similar loss of pontine neurons had been described earlier after cortical lesions and after hemisection of the brain stem (Monakow, 1882; Borowiecki, 1911). However, the animals used by these authors were kept alive for several weeks and the acute stages of nerve cell degeneration were not studied. No clear ex planation for the changes was given. The type of nerve cell degeneration described by Torvik (1956) differs markedly from the transneuronal degeneration described in other nuclei in the cat and other animals.
目次
I. Neuronal Changes in Animals of Varying Ages.- I. Introduction.- II. Material and Methods.- A. Operative Techniques.- B. Fixation and Histological Processing.- III. Results.- A. Note on the Normal Anatomy of the Pontine Nuclei and the Nuclei of the Dorsal Column.- B. Change in the Pontine Nuclei after Hemisection of the Brain Stem.- a) Age Group I.- b) Age Group II.- c) Age Group III.- C. Changes in the Pontine Nuclei after Lesions of the Cerebellum.- D. Changes in the Nuclei of the Dorsal Columns after Spinal Cord Lessions.- E. The Myelination of Certain Fiber Tracts and the Maturation of the Cerebellar Cortex.- IV. Discussion.- A. Early Histological Changes after Deafferentation in Young Animals.- B. The Relation between Transneuronal Nerve Cell Degeneration and the Maturation of the Neuron Systems.- V. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- II. The Glial Proliferation.- I. Introduction.- II. Material and Methods.- A. Operative Techniques.- B. Fixation and Histological Processing.- III. Results.- A. Glial Cells in Silver Impregnated Sections from the Pons and Medulla of Normal Cats.- B. Glial Proliferation in the Pontine Nuclei after Hemisection of the Brain Stem.- a) Age Group I.- b) Age Group II.- c) Age Group III.- C. Glial Proliferation in the Dorsal Columns and in the Nuclei of the DorsalColumns after Spinal Cord Lesions.- D. Glial Proliferation in the Pontine Nuclei after Unilateral Lesions of the Cerebellum.- IV. Discussion.- A. The Classification of Glial Cells.- a) The Identification of Glial Cells after Metallic Impregnations.- b) Microglia and their Relation to Macrophages.- c) Astrocytes.- B. The Significance of the Glial Reaction.- a) The Glial Reaction during Transneuronal and Wallerian Degeneration.- b) The Glial Reaction during Retrograde Degeneration.- c) Comparison between the Glial Reaction in Transneuronal and Retrograde Degeneration.- V. Summary and Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.
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