Mirror of His beauty : feminine images of God from the Bible to the early Kabbalah
著者
書誌事項
Mirror of His beauty : feminine images of God from the Bible to the early Kabbalah
（Jews, Christians, and Muslims from the ancient to the modern world）
Princeton University Press, c2002
- : cloth
- : pbk
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. [289]-300) and index
内容説明・目次
- 巻冊次
-
: cloth ISBN 9780691090689
内容説明
In this study, Peter Schafer investigates the origins of a female manifestation of Gold in Jewish mysticism. The search itself is a fascinating exploration of the idea of a feminine divinity. Schafer's conclusions yield deeper understanding of the complex but frequently intimate relationship between Christianity and Judaism - and of the development of religious concepts more generally. Toward the end of the 12th century, a small book titled the Bahir (Light) appeared in Provence. The first document of Judaism's emerging kabbalistic movement, it introduced a completely new view of God, one that included a divine potency that was essentially female. This female divinity was portrayed both as a mediator between Jews and God and as part of the godhead itself. Examining Judaic history from the biblical wisdom tradition to the Middle Ages, Schafer finds some precedents for the Kabbalah's feminine divinity. But he cannot account for her forceful appearance in 12th-century southern France without reference to the immediate Christian environment, particularly the flourishing veneration of the Virgin Mary.
Indeed, 12th-century Jews and Christians were simultaneously rediscovering the feminine as an aspect of the Godhead after having abandoned it in favour of either an abstract, disembodied God or an exclusively male one. In proposing that the medieval cult of Mary - rather than eastern Gnosticism - is the appropriate framework for understanding the feminine elements in Jewish mysticism, "Mirror of His Beauty" represents a sea change in Kabbalah and Jewish-Christian cultural studies. It shifts our attention from the Byzantine East to the Latin Christian West.
- 巻冊次
-
: pbk ISBN 9780691119809
内容説明
In this beautifully realized study, Peter Schafer investigates the origins of a female manifestation of God in Jewish mysticism. The search itself is a fascinating exploration of the idea of a feminine divinity. And Schafer's surprising but persuasive conclusions yield deeper understanding of the complex but frequently intimate relationship between Christianity and Judaism--and of the development of religious concepts more generally. Toward the end of the twelfth century, a small book titled the Bahir (Light) appeared in Provence. The first document of Judaism's emerging kabbalistic movement, it introduced a completely new view of God, one that included a divine potency that was essentially female. This female divinity was portrayed both as a mediator between Jews and God and as part of the Godhead itself. Examining Judaic history from the biblical Wisdom tradition to the Middle Ages, Schafer finds some precedents for the Kabbalah's feminine divinity. But he cannot account for her forceful appearance in twelfth-century southern France without reference to the immediate Christian environment, particularly the flourishing veneration of the Virgin Mary.
Indeed, twelfth-century Jews and Christians were simultaneously rediscovering the feminine as an aspect of the Godhead after having abandoned it in favor of either an abstract, disembodied God or an exclusively male one. In proposing that the medieval cult of Mary--rather than eastern Gnosticism--is the appropriate framework for understanding the feminine elements in Jewish mysticism, Mirror of His Beauty represents a sea change in Kabbalah and Jewish-Christian cultural studies. It shifts our attention from the Byzantine East to the Latin Christian West. And in contrast to histories that treat the development of Judaism and Christianity in isolation, it leads us to a fuller understanding of Jews and Christians living in proximity, aware of each other.
目次
List of Figures xi Acknowledgments xiii Abbreviations xv Introduction 1 PART I. FROM THE BIBLE TO THE BAHIR Chapter 1. Lady Wisdom 19 Job: Wisdom Cannot Be Found 19 Proverbs: Wisdom as God's Little Daughter and His Embodiment on Earth 23 Jesus Sirach: Wisdom as God's Torah 29 Wisdom of Solomon: Wisdom as the Medium of Divine Energy and God's Beloved Spouse 33 Chapter 2. Philo's Wisdom 39 God and His Wisdom 40 Wisdom and Logos 41 Wisdom's Gender 45 God's Daughter 48 Divine and Human Wisdom 50 Summary-and Once Again Gender 54 Chapter 3. The Gnostic Drama 58 The Creation Myth According to the Apocryphon of John 60 Barbelo 61 The Self-Generated/Christ 64 Sophia and Her Offspring 65 Sophia's Descent 68 Sophia and Barbelo 69 The Valentinian Creation Myth According to Irenaeus 73 Passionate Sophia 74 Sophia and Achamoth, Upper and Lower Wisdom 76 Chapter 4. The Rabbinic Shekhinah 79 Wisdom 79 God the Only Creator 81 Israel, God's Spouse, Daughter, Sister, and Mother 83 Shekhinah 86 Personification of the Shekhinah 93 Chapter 5. The Shekhinah of the Philosophers 103 Saadia Gaon 104 Judah ben Barzillai of Barcelona 107 Judah ha-Levi 110 Moses Maimonides 113 Chapter 6. The Shekhinah in the Bahir 118 The Ten Sefirot 120 Sexual Symbolism 123 The Position of the Shekhinah in the Sefirotic System 125 Mediatrix between Heaven and Earth 128 PART II. THE QUEST FOR ORIGINS Chapter 7. Gnosis 137 Chapter 8. Christianity 147 Eastern Church 148 Western Church 152 Peter Damian 153 Herman of Tournay 155 Bernard of Clairvaux 157 Godfrey of Admont 162 Hildegard of Bingen 163 Peter of Blois 169 Mary and the Shekhinah 169 Chapter 9. Counter-Evidence: Mary and the Jews 173 Anti-Jewish Legends and Images 173 The Jews Disturb Mary's Funeral 173 The Image of Mary in the Latrine 191 The Jewish Boy in the Furnace 197 Jewish Polemics against Mary 209 Rabbinical Evidence and Toledot Yeshu 209 The Apocalypse of Zerubbavel 212 Chapter 10. How Much "Origins," Or: The Anxiety of Influence 217 Mythical Origin 218 Femininity 224 Influence 229 History 235 Notes 245 Bibliography 289 Index 301
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