The politics of market reform in fragile democracies : Argentina, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela
著者
書誌事項
The politics of market reform in fragile democracies : Argentina, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela
（Princeton paperbacks）
Princeton University Press, 2004
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注記
"First paperback printing, 2004" -- T.p. verso
Bibliography: p. 285-323
Includes index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This book takes a powerful new approach to a question central to comparative politics and economics: Why do some leaders of fragile democracies attain political success--culminating in reelection victories--when pursuing drastic, painful economic reforms while others see their political careers implode? Kurt Weyland examines, in particular, the surprising willingness of presidents in four Latin American countries to enact daring reforms and the unexpected resultant popular support. He argues that only with the robust cognitive-psychological insights of prospect theory can one fully account for the twists and turns of politics and economic policy in Argentina, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela during the 1980s and 1990s. Assessing conventional approaches such as rational choice, Weyland concludes that prospect theory is vital to any systematic attempt to understand the politics of market reform. Under this theory, if actors perceive themselves to be in a losing situation they are inclined toward risks; if they see a winning situation around them, they prefer caution. In Latin America, Weyland finds, where the public faced an open crisis it backed draconian reforms.
And where such reforms yielded an apparent economic recovery, many citizens and their leaders perceived prospects of gains. Successful leaders thus won reelection and the new market model achieved political sustainability. Weyland concludes this accessible book by considering when his novel approach can be used to study crises generally and how it might be applied to a wider range of cases from Latin America, Africa, and Eastern Europe.
目次
FIGURES AND TABLES vii ACRONYMS ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xiii CHAPTER ONE The Puzzle of Risky Reforms in Unstable Democracies 1 CHAPTER TWO The Insufficiency of Existing Arguments 18 CHAPTER THREE A New Explanation of Adjustment Politics 37 CHAPTER FOUR Economic Deterioration and Postponed Adjustment in the 1980s 71 CHAPTER FIVE The Initiation of Neoliberal Adjustment 94 CHAPTER SIX Populist Politics and Economic Restructuring 134 CHAPTER SEVEN The Political Sustainability of Neoliberalism and Neopopulism in Argentina and Peru 168 CHAPTER EIGHT The Fitful Course of Market Reform in Brazil and Venezuela 210 CHAPTER NINE Theoretical Implications and Cross-Regional Perspectives 251 BIBLIOGRAPHY 285 INDEX 325
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