Interstitial cells of cajal: intestinal pacemaker cells?
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Bibliographic Information
Interstitial cells of cajal: intestinal pacemaker cells?
（Advances in anatomy, embryology and cell biology, Vol. 71）
Springer, 1982
- Berlin, Heidelberg, New York
- New York, Heidelberg, Berlin
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Description and Table of Contents
Description
In 1949, the Dutch anatomist Jan Boeke was able to write: "The socalled interstitial cells ...which lie at the end of the sympathetic endformation as a connecting link between the nervous endformation and the effector cells, are ...shown to be of pri- mary importance for the transferring and the remoulding of the nervous stimulus ..." And: " ...the problem of the interstitial cells and of the synapse is the most impor- tant problem of neurohistology of the future. " When Boeke wrote this, he advocated the generalized concept, holding that inter- stitial cells were intercalated between autonomic nerves and effector cells. A frank illus- tration of this is presented by Tinel (l937), who places interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) as terminal neurons of all autonomic nerves (his Fig. 1). While there have been over 100 light microscopic investigations (Table 1) of ICC in tissues and organs other than intestine, none of these have been followed up by electron microscopic studies. It is important to bear in mind that when the term ICC is used today, the only reference tissue for which sufficient information (i. e.
, including an ultrastructural identification) on the ICC is at hand is the intestine, or rather the muscularis externa of small inte- stine (in Table 1, those contributions which relate to intestinal ICC are underlined).
Table of Contents
1 Introduction.- 1.1 Survey of Literature on ICC.- 1.1.1 Morphological Evidence.- 1.1.2 Staining Characteristics.- 1.1.3 Results of Denervation Experiments.- 1.1.4 Topographical Relations: The Intercalation Hypothesis.- 1.2 Contraction "Waves" and Nodes of Smooth Muscle.- 2 Material and Methods.- 3 Results.- 3.1 Survey of the Organization of the Serosa and Muscularis Externa.- 3.2 Interstitial Cells Associated with Auerbach's Plexus.- 3.2.1 ICC-I.- 3.2.2 Macrophage-Like Cells.- 3.2.3 Other Interstitial Cells.- 3.3 Interstitial Cells of the Subserous Compartment and Within the Longitudinal Muscle Layer.- 3.4 Interstitial Cells Associated with Plexus Muscularis Profundus (Cajal).- 3.5 Interstitial Cells Within the Outer, Main Layer of Circular Muscle.- 3.6 Contraction Patterns of Muscularis Externa.- 3.6.1 Contraction "Waves" and Broad Contraction Nodes.- 3.6.2 Patterns of Narrow Contraction Nodes.- 3.7 Mechanisms of the Supravital Methylene Blue Staining Technique: Results and Discussion.- 4 Discussion.- 4.1 General Organization of Muscularis Externa.- 4.2 Topographical Relations of ICC (-I and -II) to Cells of the Longitudinal Muscle Layer.- 4.3 Topographical Relations of ICC (-I, -III, and -IV) to Cells of the Circular Muscle Layer.- 4.4 Nature of ICC.- 4.5 Contraction "Waves" and Nodes: Relations to Auerbach's Plexus and Associated ICC.- 4.6 Functions of ICC (and MLC).- 4.6.1 ICC-I: Pacemaker Cells.- 4.6.2 ICC-II, -III, -IV: Conductive Functions?.- 4.6.3 ICC-III: The Intercalation Suggests a Regulatory Function.- 4.6.4 MLC: Regulatory (Secretory) Functions?.- 4.7 Conclusion.- 4.8 Perspective.- 4.8.1 Origin of ICC.- 4.8.2 Peripheral Distribution of ICC.- 4.8.3 Observations of Possible Relation to the Phenomena of Contraction "Waves" and Nodes.- 5 Summary.- References.
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