The philosopher's toolkit : a compendium of philosophical concepts and methods
著者
書誌事項
The philosopher's toolkit : a compendium of philosophical concepts and methods
Blackwell, 2003
- : pbk
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注記
Includes bibliographical references and index
内容説明・目次
- 巻冊次
-
ISBN 9780631228738
内容説明
The Philosopher's Toolkit provides all the intellectual equipment necessary to engage with and participate in philosophical argument, reading and reflection. Each of its 87 entries explains how to use an important concept or argumentative technique accurately and effectively.Beginning with the basics of argumentation, the book moves on to deal with tools for assessment and criticism, as well as the limits of argumentation and some of the radical critiques of standard philosophical methodology. Written in an engaging style, the entries are brought to life with vivid and colourful examples and are accompanied by suggestions for further reading. This ingenious compendium of the methods and techniques of philosophy can be used in a variety of ways: as an introduction to the essentials of philosophical reflection, as a comprehensive course on philosophical method, or as a reference book to which readers can turn to find quick and clear accounts of key concepts and methods. The Philosopher's Toolkit is essential reading for anyone who wants to philosophise well.
目次
- Part I: Basic Tools for Argument: 1. Arguments, Premises and Conclusions. 2. Deduction. 3. Induction. 4. Validity and Soundness. 5. Invalidity. 6. Consistency. 7. Fallacies. 8. Refutation. 9. Axioms. 10. Definitions. 11. Certainty and Probability. 12. Tautologies, Self-Contradictions and the Law of Non-Contradiction. Part II: Further Tools for Argument: 13. Abduction. 14. Hypothetico-Deductive Method. 15. Dialectic. 16. Analogies. 17. Anomalies and Exceptions that Prove the Rule. 18. Intuition Pumps. 19. Logical Constructions. 20. Reduction. 21. Thought Experiments. 22. Transcendental Arguments. 23. Useful Fictions. Part III: Tools for Assessment: 24. Alternative Explanations. 25. Ambiguity. 26. Bivalence and the Excluded Middle. 27. Category Mistakes. 28. Ceteris Paribus. 29. Circularity. 30. Conceptual Incoherence. 31. Counterexamples. 32. Criteria. 33. Error Theory. 34. False Dichotomy. 35. Genetic Fallacy. 36. Horned Dilemmas. 37. Hume's Fork. 38. Is/ought Gap. 39. Leibniz's Law of Identity. 40. Masked Man Fallacy. 41. Ockham's Razor. 42. Paradoxes. 43. Partners in Guilt. 44. Principles of Charity. 45. Question-Begging. 46. Reductions. 47. Redundancy. 48. Regresses. 49. Saving the Phenomena. 50. Self-defeating Arguments. 51. Sufficient Reason. 52. Testability. Part IV: Tools for Conceptual Distinctions: 53. A Priori/A Posteriori. 54. Absolute/Relative. 55. Analytic/Synthetic. 56. Categorical/Modal. 57. Conditional/Biconditional. 58. Defeasible/Indefeasible. 59. Entailment/Implication. 60. Essence/Accident. 61. Knowledge by Acquaintance/Description. 62. Necessary/Contingent. 63. Necessary/Sufficient. 64. Objective/Subjective. 65. Realist/Non-Realist. 66. Sense/Reference. 67. Syntax/Semantics. 68. Thick/Thin Concepts. 69. Types/Tokens. Part V: Tools for Radical Critique: 70. Class Critique. 71. Deconstruction and the Critique of Presence. 72. Empiricist Critique of Metaphysics. 73. Feminist Critiques. 74. Foucaultian Critique of Power. 75. Heideggerian Critique of Metaphysics. 76. Lacanian Critique. 77. Nietzschean Critique of Christian-Platonic Culture. 78. Pragmatist Critique. 79. Sartrean Critique of 'Bad Faith'. Part VI: Tools at the Limit: 80. Basic Beliefs. 81. G
- del and Incompleteness. 82. Mystical Experience and Revelation. 83. Possibility and Impossibility. 84. Primitives. 85. Self-evident Truths. 86. Scepticism. 87. Underdetermination. Appendix: Web Resources.
- 巻冊次
-
: pbk ISBN 9780631228745
内容説明
The Philosopher's Toolkit provides all the intellectual equipment necessary to engage with and participate in philosophical argument, reading and reflection. Each of its 87 entries explains how to use an important concept or argumentative technique accurately and effectively.Beginning with the basics of argumentation, the book moves on to deal with tools for assessment and criticism, as well as the limits of argumentation and some of the radical critiques of standard philosophical methodology. Written in an engaging style, the entries are brought to life with vivid and colourful examples and are accompanied by suggestions for further reading. This ingenious compendium of the methods and techniques of philosophy can be used in a variety of ways: as an introduction to the essentials of philosophical reflection, as a comprehensive course on philosophical method, or as a reference book to which readers can turn to find quick and clear accounts of key concepts and methods. The Philosopher's Toolkit is essential reading for anyone who wants to philosophise well.
目次
- Part I: Basic Tools for Argument: 1. Arguments, Premises and Conclusions. 2. Deduction. 3. Induction. 4. Validity and Soundness. 5. Invalidity. 6. Consistency. 7. Fallacies. 8. Refutation. 9. Axioms. 10. Definitions. 11. Certainty and Probability. 12. Tautologies, Self-Contradictions and the Law of Non-Contradiction. Part II: Further Tools for Argument: 13. Abduction. 14. Hypothetico-Deductive Method. 15. Dialectic. 16. Analogies. 17. Anomalies and Exceptions that Prove the Rule. 18. Intuition Pumps. 19. Logical Constructions. 20. Reduction. 21. Thought Experiments. 22. Transcendental Arguments. 23. Useful Fictions. Part III: Tools for Assessment: 24. Alternative Explanations. 25. Ambiguity. 26. Bivalence and the Excluded Middle. 27. Category Mistakes. 28. Ceteris Paribus. 29. Circularity. 30. Conceptual Incoherence. 31. Counterexamples. 32. Criteria. 33. Error Theory. 34. False Dichotomy. 35. Genetic Fallacy. 36. Horned Dilemmas. 37. Hume's Fork. 38. Is/ought Gap. 39. Leibniz's Law of Identity. 40. Masked Man Fallacy. 41. Ockham's Razor. 42. Paradoxes. 43. Partners in Guilt. 44. Principles of Charity. 45. Question-Begging. 46. Reductions. 47. Redundancy. 48. Regresses. 49. Saving the Phenomena. 50. Self-defeating Arguments. 51. Sufficient Reason. 52. Testability. Part IV: Tools for Conceptual Distinctions: 53. A Priori/A Posteriori. 54. Absolute/Relative. 55. Analytic/Synthetic. 56. Categorical/Modal. 57. Conditional/Biconditional. 58. Defeasible/Indefeasible. 59. Entailment/Implication. 60. Essence/Accident. 61. Knowledge by Acquaintance/Description. 62. Necessary/Contingent. 63. Necessary/Sufficient. 64. Objective/Subjective. 65. Realist/Non-Realist. 66. Sense/Reference. 67. Syntax/Semantics. 68. Thick/Thin Concepts. 69. Types/Tokens. Part V: Tools for Radical Critique: 70. Class Critique. 71. Deconstruction and the Critique of Presence. 72. Empiricist Critique of Metaphysics. 73. Feminist Critiques. 74. Foucaultian Critique of Power. 75. Heideggerian Critique of Metaphysics. 76. Lacanian Critique. 77. Nietzschean Critique of Christian-Platonic Culture. 78. Pragmatist Critique. 79. Sartrean Critique of 'Bad Faith'. Part VI: Tools at the Limit: 80. Basic Beliefs. 81. G
- del and Incompleteness. 82. Mystical Experience and Revelation. 83. Possibility and Impossibility. 84. Primitives. 85. Self-evident Truths. 86. Scepticism. 87. Underdetermination. Appendix: Web Resources.
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