Tear off the masks! : identity and imposture in twentieth-century Russia

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書誌事項

Tear off the masks! : identity and imposture in twentieth-century Russia

Sheila Fitzpatrick

Princeton University Press, c2005

  • : pbk

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注記

Includes bibliographical references and index

内容説明・目次

巻冊次

ISBN 9780691113531

内容説明

When revolutions happen, they change the rules of everyday life - both the codified rules concerning the social and legal classifications of citizens and the unwritten rules about how individuals present themselves to others. This occurred in Russia after the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, which laid the foundations of the Soviet state, and again in 1991, when that state collapsed. "Tear Off the Masks!" is about the remaking of identities in these times of upheaval. Sheila Fitzpatrick here brings together in a single volume years of distinguished work on how individuals literally constructed their autobiographies, defended them under challenge, attempted to edit the 'file-selves' created by bureaucratic identity documentation, and denounced others for 'masking' their true social identities.Marxist class-identity labels - 'worker,' 'peasant,' 'intelligentsia,' 'bourgeois' - were of crucial importance to the Soviet state in the 1920s and 1930s, but it turned out that the determination of a person's class was much more complicated than anyone expected. This, in turn, left considerable scope for individual creativity and manipulation. Outright imposters, both criminal and political, also make their appearance in this book. The final chapter describes how, after decades of struggle to construct good Soviet socialist personae, Russians had to struggle to make themselves fit for the new, post-Soviet world in the 1990s - by 'de-Sovietizing' themselves. Engaging in style and replete with colorful detail and characters drawn from a wealth of sources, "Tear Off the Masks!" offers unique insight into the elusive forms of self-presentation, masking, and unmasking that made up Soviet citizenship and continue to resonate in the post-Soviet world.

目次

List of Illustrations ix Preface and Acknowledgments xi INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER ONE: Becoming Soviet 3 PART I. Class Identities 27 CHAPTER TWO: The Bolshevik Invention of Class 29 CHAPTER THREE: Class Identities in NEP Society 51 CHAPTER FOUR: Class and Soslovie 71 PART II. Lives 89 CHAPTER FIVE: Lives under Fire 91 CHAPTER SIX: The Two Faces of Anastasia 102 CHAPTER SEVEN: Story of a Peasant Striver 114 CHAPTER EIGHT: Women's Lives 125 PART III. Appeals 153 CHAPTER NINE: Supplicants and Citizens 155 CHAPTER TEN: Patrons and Clients 182 PART IV. Denunciations 203 CHAPTER ELEVEN: Signals from Below 205 CHAPTER TWELVE: Wives' Tales 240 PART V. Impostures 263 CHAPTER THIRTEEN: The World of Ostap Bender 265 CHAPTER FOURTEEN: The Con Man as Jew 282 AFTERWORD 301 CHAPTER FIFTEEN: Becoming Post-Soviet 303 Selected Further reading 319 Index 323
巻冊次

: pbk ISBN 9780691122458

内容説明

When revolutions happen, they change the rules of everyday life--both the codified rules concerning the social and legal classifications of citizens and the unwritten rules about how individuals present themselves to others. This occurred in Russia after the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, which laid the foundations of the Soviet state, and again in 1991, when that state collapsed. Tear Off the Masks! is about the remaking of identities in these times of upheaval. Sheila Fitzpatrick here brings together in a single volume years of distinguished work on how individuals literally constructed their autobiographies, defended them under challenge, attempted to edit the "file-selves" created by bureaucratic identity documentation, and denounced others for "masking" their true social identities. Marxist class-identity labels--"worker," "peasant," "intelligentsia," "bourgeois"--were of crucial importance to the Soviet state in the 1920s and 1930s, but it turned out that the determination of a person's class was much more complicated than anyone expected. This in turn left considerable scope for individual creativity and manipulation. Outright imposters, both criminal and political, also make their appearance in this book. The final chapter describes how, after decades of struggle to construct good Soviet socialist personae, Russians had to struggle to make themselves fit for the new, post-Soviet world in the 1990s--by "de-Sovietizing" themselves. Engaging in style and replete with colorful detail and characters drawn from a wealth of sources, Tear Off the Masks! offers unique insight into the elusive forms of self-presentation, masking, and unmasking that made up Soviet citizenship and continue to resonate in the post-Soviet world.

目次

List of Illustrations ix Preface and Acknowledgments xi INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER ONE: Becoming Soviet 3 PART I. Class Identities 27 CHAPTER TWO: The Bolshevik Invention of Class 29 CHAPTER THREE: Class Identities in NEP Society 51 CHAPTER FOUR: Class and Soslovie 71 PART II. Lives 89 CHAPTER FIVE: Lives under Fire 91 CHAPTER SIX: The Two Faces of Anastasia 102 CHAPTER SEVEN: Story of a Peasant Striver 114 CHAPTER EIGHT: Women's Lives 125 PART III. Appeals 153 CHAPTER NINE: Supplicants and Citizens 155 CHAPTER TEN: Patrons and Clients 182 PART IV. Denunciations 203 CHAPTER ELEVEN: Signals from Below 205 CHAPTER TWELVE: Wives' Tales 240 PART V. Impostures 263 CHAPTER THIRTEEN: The World of Ostap Bender 265 CHAPTER FOURTEEN: The Con Man as Jew 282 AFTERWORD 301 CHAPTER FIFTEEN: Becoming Post-Soviet 303 Selected Further reading 319 Index 323

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