内容説明
This collection brings together key articles and book chapters to provide an overview of research design for the social sciences, focusing on the purpose and nature of research design - the architecture of research rather than the mechanics of running a research project. Emphasis is put on non-laboratory-based research designs that are typically encountered in the social sciences, those involving people rather than objects.
The range of issues covered is impressive: the epististemology of social research design; the complex matters of causation and the logic of design; the importance of units of analsyis; the subjective elements of human behaviour and the role of qualitative and quantitative data. This range is the strength of the collection as it allows unique insight into the central concepts, strengths and weaknesses of designs and threats to validity of research.
目次
PART ONE: THE NATURE OF RESEARCH DESIGN
What Is Research Design?
Case Study Research - R K Yin
Design and Methods
The Logic of Scientific Inference - A L Stinchcombe
Some Persisting Dilemmas in the Measurement of Change - C Bereiter
Basic Concepts and Principles of Research Design
Some Statistical Problems in Research Design - L Kish
MINMAXCON
Comparison and Control
Fundamentals - F Bechhofer and L Paterson
Comparison and Control
Heterogeneity and Causal Complexity - C C Ragin
Randomization
Randomization - R A Fisher
Validity
Research Design and Research Validity - C M Judd and D A Kenny
Beyond the Laboratory Experiment - S G West
Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Interventions in Naturalistic Settings
Variable Analysis and Case Analysis
Sociological Analysis and the `Variable' - H Blumer
Problems in Methodology - P F Lazarsfeld
PART TWO: EPISTEMOLOGY AND RESEARCH DESIGN
Causation
Nature of Cause
Causal Inference and the Language of Experimentation - T D Cook and D T Campbell
Of the Composition of Causes - J S Mill
Establishing Cause
Explaining Social Phenomena Causally - J Brewer and A Hunter
False Criteria of Causality in Delinquency Research - T Hirschi and H Selvin
The Methods of Experimental Inquiry - M R Cohen and E Nagel
Causes and Consequences - J Lofland
Probabilistic and Deterministic Causation
Sociological Methods - N Denzin
The Logical Structure of Analytic Induction - W S Robinson
Comment on W S Robinson's `The Logical Structure of Analytic Induction' - A R Lindesmith
Comment on W S Robinson's `The Logical Structure of Analytic Induction' - S K Weinberg
Rejoinder to Comments on `The Analytical Structure of Analytic Induction' - W S Robinson
The Analysis of Deviant Cases in Communications Research - P Kendall and K Wolf
The Quest for Universals in Sociological Research - R Turner
Falsification
Falsifiability as a Criterion of Demarcation - K Popper
Rule 1 - G King et al
Construct Falsifiable Theories
Replication
The Importance of Replication - P A Lamal
Replication Research - Y Amir and I Sharon
A 'Must' for the Scientific Advancement of Psychology
Units and Levels of Analysis
Units of Analysis
The Units of Analysis - M Rosenberg
Ecological Fallacy
Ecological Correlations and the Behaviour of Individuals - W Robinson
The Fallacy of the Ecological Fallacy - S Schwartz
The Potential Misuse of a Concept and the Consequences
Re-Examining the Ecological Fallacy - W R Gove and M Hughes
A Study in Which Aggregate Data Are Critical in Investigating the Pathological Effects of Living Alone
The Individualistic Fallacy
Net and Gross Change
Household Panel Studies - D Rose
An Overview
PART THREE: TYPES OF RESEARCH DESIGN
Experimental Designs
General
Factors Relevant to the Validity of Experiments in Social Settings - D T Campbell
Some Observations on Study Design - S A Stouffer
Laboratory Experiments
Laboratory Experiments - L Festinger
The Purposes of Laboratory Experimentation and the Virtues of Deliberate Artificiality - R L Henshel
Field Experiments
Introduction to Randomized Experiments for Planning and Evaluation - R F Boruch
Reforms as Experiments - D T Campbell
Implementing Randomized Experiments - J Petersilia
The Randomization of Arrest - L W Sherman and R A Berk
Quasi Experiments
Quasi-Experimental Designs - D T Campbell et al
The Connecticut Crackdown on Speeding - D T Campbell and H L Ross
Time-Series Data in Quasi-Experimental Analysis
The Causal Assumptions of Quasi-Experimental Practice - T D Cook and D T Campbell
Natural Experiments
The Effects of Changes in Roles of the Attitudes of Role Occupants - S Lieberman
Simulation and Modelling
Social Processes and Social Simulation Games - J S Coleman
Using Computer Simulation to Study Social Phenomena - G N Gilbert
Panel Designs
The Use of Panels in Social Research - P F Lazarsfeld
Choosing a Longitudinal Survey Design - N Buck et al
The Issues
Handling Wave Nonresponse in Longitudinal Surveys - G Kalton
Nonsampling Errors in Panel Surveys - G Kalton et al
Measurement Problems in Panel Studies - E Maccoby and R Hyman
Modeling the Days of Our Lives - J D Singer and J B Willett
Using Survival Analysis When Designing and Analyzing Longitudinal Studies of Duration and the Timing of Events
Retrospective Designs
Retrospective versus Prospective Measurement of Life Histories in Longitudinal Research - J Scott and D Alwin
Methodological, Statistical and Practical Issues Arising from the Collection and Analysis of Work History Information by Survey Techniques - P Elias
The Reliability of Retrospective Unemployment History Data - S Dex and A McCulloch
Cross-Sectional
Single Cross-Sectional Studies
Survey Analysis - H Selvin et al
From Cross-Sectional to Longitudinal Analysis - R B Davies
Contribution of Surveys to Sociological Explanation - C Marsh
The Strategy of Survey Analysis - M Rosenberg
Repeated Studies/Time Series
Changing from Fault to No-Fault Divorce - S F Mazur-Hart and J J Berman
An Interupted Time Series Analysis
Regression Artifacts in Time Series - D T Campbell
Monitoring Social Change via Survey Replication - R A Kulka
Prospects and Pitfalls from a Replication Survey of Social Roles and Mental Health
Problems of Comparability in Trend Studies with Opinion Poll Data - N D Glenn
Cohort Designs
Cohort Analysis - N D Glenn
The Cohort as a Concept in the Study of Social Change - N B Ryder
Aging and Cohort Succession - M W Riley
Interpretations and Misinterpretations
Comparative and Cross-National Designs
Cross-National Research as an Analytical Strategy - M L Kohn
Equivalence in Cross-National Research - A Przeworski and H Teune
Research Designs - A Przeworski and H Teune
The Comparable Cases Strategy in Comparative Research - A Lijphart
Small N's and Big Conclusions - S Lieberson
An Examination of the Reasoning in Comparative Studies Based on a Small Number of Cases
The Uses of Survey Research in the Study of Comparative Politics - S Verba
Issues and Strategies
New Directions in Comparative Research - C C Ragin
Case Study Designs
Case Study Design - D De Vaus
The Case-Oriented Approach - C C Ragin
Statistics and Case Studies as Methods of Social Research - E W Burgess
The Community Study Method - C Arensberg
Case Study Design - R K Yin
Generalizing from Single Case Studies - M M Kennedy
Description of Discerning - M Komarovsky
'Degrees of Freedom' and the Case Study - D T Campbell
Evaluating and Rethinking the Case Study - R Stoecker
Life Histories and the Analysis of Social Change - P Thompson
Single Case Designs
A Legacy Neglected - N Blampied
Restating the Case for Single-Case Research in Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy
A Review of Single-Subject Methodologies in Applied Settings - R L Taylor and G L Adams
Single-Case Research Designs - A E Kazdin
Methods for Clinical and Applied Settings
Mixed-Method Designs
Issues
Research Design Issues for Mixed-Method and Mixed-Model Studies - A Tashakkori and C Teddlie
Types
Advanced Mixed-Methods Research Designs - J Cresswell et al
Triangulation
Strategies of Multiple Triangulation - N Denzin
A Critique of the Use of Triangulation in Social Research - N W H Blaikie
Approaches to Qualitative-Quantitative Methodological Triangulation - J Morse
Paradigm Wars
Competing Paradigms in Qualitative Research - E G Guba and Y S Lincoln
Quantitative and Qualitative Research - A Bryman
Further Reflections on Their Integration
Typologies
Some Remarks on Typological Procedures in Social Research - P F Lazarsfeld
Typologies and Taxonomies in Social Science - K D Bailey
Typologies - K D Bailey
Classical Typology Construction (Precomputer) - K D Bailey
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