A concise introduction to linguistics
著者
書誌事項
A concise introduction to linguistics
Pearson A and B, c2006
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注記
PUB: Pearson Allyn and Bacon
Includes bibliographical references and index
perforation bookbinding
内容説明・目次
内容説明
This reader-friendly and well-balanced overview of the field of introductory linguistics pays special attention to linguistic anthropology, revealing the main contributions of linguistics to the study of human communication and how issues of culture are relevant. Well-constructed exercises in every chapter allow students to practice concepts.
This new addition to the study of linguistics covers all topics integral to an understanding of introductory linguistics and is written with the generalist reader in mind but also provides the linguistics, English, and anthropology major with the resources needed to succeed in subsequent courses. The problem-centered approach includes well-constructed exercises and study questions integrated within each chapter. These short sections (usually 3-7 pages) in each chapter help students to understand each subject before moving on to the next. Numerous cross-cultural examples relevant to the topics covered are included, with specific chapters devoted to anthropological topics providing emphasis on fieldwork and the fronting of phonology.
No previous knowledge on the part of the reader is assumed and all concepts are explained in a systematic way aided by numerous pedagogical aids including Introductory Questions that give the reader a summary of the content of the chapter and provide questions to keep in mind as the student reads the chapter; chapter summaries that provide a concise overview of the contents of each chapter; key terms that are defined on the page where introduced; and an end-of-book glossary that provides a tool for readers to review all key terms together. Suggested readings and Internet resourses at the end of each chapter provide more sources for further reading.
目次
Each chapter concludes with "Summary," "Suggested Readings," "Suggested Websites," "Review of Terms and Concepts," and "Study Questions."
Preface.
1. The Nature of Communication.
The Nature of Communication.
Nonhuman and Human Communication Compared.
Skepticism Over Ape Language Studies.
2. The Phonological Component: Phonetics.
Articulatory Phonetics.
Consonants and Vowels.
Syllables and Syllabic Consonants.
Suprasegmentals.
Connected Speech.
3. The Phonological Component: Phonology.
The Phoneme and the Concept of Significant Differences in Sounds.
Distinctive Feature Analysis.
Phonological Processes.
The Continuous and Complex Nature of Speech Revised.
4. The Morphological Component.
The Morpheme.
Morphological Typology.
How New Words are Coined.
Parts of Speech.
5. Syntax.
Syntactic Construction.
Subconscious Knowledge.
The Constituent Structure of Language.
Phrase Structure Rules.
Transformational Rules.
Optional and Obligatory Transformations.
6. Semantics and Pragmatics.
The Meaning of Words: Lexical Semantics.
The _nyms.
Other Kinds of Meaning: Structural Semantics.
Pragmatics.
7. Sociolinguistics and Linguistic Anthropology.
Regional Dialects.
African American English.
Hispanic English.
Contact Languages: Pidgins and Creoles.
Situational Dialects or Registers.
Gender and Language.
Linguistic Anthropology.
Language and Nationalism.
8. Language Acquisition.
Ideas about Language Acquisition.
How Do Children Acquire the Components of Language?
Language Socialization: Three Examples.
The Acquisition of Sign Language.
Bilingualism.
9. Sign Language.
The Nature of Sign Language.
What is ASL?
Nicaraguan Sign Language: The Birth of a New Language.
Social Dimensions of Sign Language.
10. Writing.
Writing is Secondary to Speech and Sign Language.
Types of Writing Systems.
The History of Writing.
The Printing Press.
A Few Words about Computers.
11. Nonverbal Behavior.
What Does "Nonverbal" Mean?
Kinetic Behavior.
The Eyes Have It.
Physical Appearance.
Touching (Tactile) Behavior.
Paralanguage.
Proxemics.
The Physical Environment.
"How To" Books: A Word of Caution.
12. Historical Linguistics.
The Relationships Between Languages.
Types of Language Change.
How Long Does it Take a Language to Change?
Disappearing and Reappearing Languages.
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